Industrial vs Urban vs Reservoir trophic state of Greek lakes paradigm shifts by autonomous - PowerPoint Presentation

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Industrial vs Urban vs Reservoir trophic state of Greek lakes paradigm shifts by autonomous boats

Konstantinos G. Papadopoulos, Efthymios S. Lytras, Stylianos A. Samios, Marina N. Despotidou, Georgios E. Katsouras, Alexandros D. Dosis, Nikos D. Tsalas

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Definition of Trophic StateTrophic states are based on lake fertility:“Trophy” means nutrients (Phosphorus and Nitrogen)More nutrients means more plants and algae

More plants and algae means phytoplankton biomass

An indicator of phytoplankton biomass is Chlorophyll

Chlorophyll 

a (Chl-a), is the major light-harvesting pigment and appears in all photosynthetic organisms

*Trophic statusMean (μg chl-a l−1)Max. (μg chl-a l−1)Oligotrophic< 2.5< 8Mesotrophic2.5–88–25Eutrophic> 8> 25

*

Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), 2009

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INTCATCH Tools used to Define a Trophic State of a LakeBiological and Physicochemical monitoring with specific & typical sensors

Chlorophyll a

Type: Cyclops 7 sensor

Detection limit: 0.3

μ

g/lRange: 0 - 500 μg/lConductivity Dissolved Oxygen & TemperaturepH

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Demonstration activities to Greek LakesPamvotis Urban Natural LakeMarathon Reservoir LakeDoxa ReservoirLakeYliki ReservoirNaturalLakeKoumoundourou Industrial/UrbanNaturalLake

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Yliki Lake

natural/reservoir Lake since 1959 – 78 m above sea level

mean surface area 24.5 km2 – operational volume 590 million m3

supplies water city of Athens

protected by EU & National Legislation (WFD, Natura 2000, 91/271 etc.)

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8 campaigns during Feb - May 2019Threshold of around 10μg/l of

chl

-a

Mean value: < 5μg/l , Range 0.2 – 50

μg/l

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Marathon Lake

7Reservoir Lake since 1931 – 173 m above sea levelmean surface area 2.45 km2 – operational volume 34 million m3supplies water city of Athens connected with Yliki

a

nd

Mornos

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Marathon Lake

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Campaign during June 2019

Threshold of around 3μg/l of

chl

-aMean value: 2.6 μg/l , Range 1.5 – 4.2 μg

/l

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Marathon Lake

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Dissolved Oxygen

Mean value: 9.2

μg

/l , Range 9.0 – 9.5

μg/lDecrease of DO due to T increasingTemperatureMean value: 26.4 ⁰C Range 25.5 – 28.0 ⁰CSignificant increasing during a sunny day

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Marathon Lake

pH:

stable with

mean value: 8.

8Conductivity: Mean value: 347 μS/cm Range 340 – 355 μS/cm

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Koumoundourou Lake

Ancient Lake - west of Athens within an industrial area:

1m higher than the surface of the sea

Marine and freshwater from underground sources are mixed

Campaign on May 2019

Mean value: 12 μg/l Range 10 – 17,5 μg/l Higher values on the northwest part due to:a) flow of water from underground sources b) circulation of the water

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Koumoundourou

Lake 12

Conductivity:

Mean value: 3000

μS

/cm Range 2800 – 3050 μS/cm

Higher values on the northwest part due to:a) flow of water from underground sources mixed with seawater

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Koumoundourou Lake

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Dissolved Oxygen

Mean value: 11.2

μg

/l

Range 10.5 – 11.7 μg/l TemperatureMean value: 26.4 ⁰C Range 25.5 – 28.0 ⁰C

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Koumoundourou Lake

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pH,

mean value: 8.7

stable except an evidence of

flow of water from underground sources

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Pamvotis Lake

Ancient Lake - one of the oldest lakes worldwide (~7 million

yrs

) and the second oldest at European level:

480m higher than the surface of the sea in North Greece

mean surface area 22km2 – volume 120 million m3Mean depth 5.5m – maximum 11m Urban and agricultural sources (farmlands, small fishing and boating ports)

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Pamvotis Lake

Campaign during July 2019, four stations, more than 25 km of boat deployment

Threshold of around 45μg/l of

chl

-a (Nitas

etal, 2010)Mean value chl-a: 7.0 μg/l , Range 3.0 – 17.5 μg/l S4S2Station S2 – Mesotrophic :Around a centre of radius 200m, observed three different areas of chl-a distribution

Station S4 - Eutrophic:

Gradual increasing of

chl

-a close to the inputs of the lake

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Pamvotis Lake

Station S1 - Eutrophic

: Mean value: 10.0

μg

/l , Range 7.0 – 17.5

μg/lS1S3Station S3 - Mesotophic: Mean value: 5.0 μg/l Range 4.0 – 7.0 μg/l

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Doxa Lake

Artificial Lake since 1996 - surrounded by pine forests

900m higher than the surface of the sea

mean surface area 0.5km2 –Mean depth 15m – maximum 35m

fed and drained by the small river

Doxa Outdoor leisure activities (hiking, triathlon races etc.)

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Doxa Lake

Campaign in July 2019, during a triathlon event

Mean value

chl

-a: 2.0

μg/l , Range 1.5 – 3.0 μg/l

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INTCATCH tools and classification in Trophic State

20Yliki Lake: Mesotrophic

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Marathon Reservoir LakeKoumoundourou Industrial Natural LakeDoxa Reservoir LakeINTCATCH tools and classification in Trophic State Mesotrophic

Oligotrophic

Eutrophic

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Pamvotis Lake: Mesotrophic to EutrophicINTCATCH tools and classification in Trophic State

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INTCATCH boats occupied with chl-a sensor combined by typical sensors indicating possible powerful tools, assessing the trophic state of a Lake (suggested by OECD)Reservoir Lakes are classified as oligotrophic to mesotrophicUrban Lakes are classified as mesotrophic to eutrophicIndustrial Lake is classified as eutrophic Determination of spatial distribution of water quality data (e.g. chl-a,) by INTCATCH tools could give an early and thorough information that will contribute to an innovative monitoring strategyConclusions on trophic state of Greek lakes with INTCATCH boats

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Thank you!