ALLamieaa Gh Fajir General characteristics 1 Motility is by flagella The flagellum arises from kinetoplast The kinetoplast is composed of the blepharoplast and the ID: 780287
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Slide1
Class Mastigophora( Flagellata)
A.L.Lamieaa
Gh
. Fajir
Slide2General characteristics:1) Motility is by
flagella
. The flagellum arises from
kinetoplast
.
The
kinetoplast
is composed of the
blepharoplast
and the
parabasal
body.
2) Vesicular
nucleus
with central
karyosome
.
3) Reproduction is by longitudinal
binary fission.
4) Complex
life cycles
include alternation of hosts.
Intermediate hosts
commonly serve as
vectors,
which transport developing parasites from one
definitive host
to another.
Slide3Classification: The flagellates protozoa that are parasites of human including:
1-Flagellates of digestive tract and genital organs such as
:
Flagellates of digestive tract
:
-Giardia
lamblia
,
-
Chilomastix
mesnili
,
-
Trichomonas
hominis
.
-
Trichomonas
tenax
.
Flagellates of genital organs
:
-
Trichomonas
vaginalis
.
2- Flagellates of blood and tissue:
-
Leishmania
sp.
-
Trypanosoma
sp.
Slide4Giardia lamblia
Giardia
lamblia
is a flagellated protozoan parasite that
colonises
and reproduces in the
small intestine
, causing
giardiasis
(
lambliasis
).
Trophozoite
:
Giardia
trophozoites
are
pear-shaped or balloon shape
and measure
10-20 µm
in length. In permanent, stained specimens,
2 large nuclei
are usually visible. The
sucking disks
(
used for attaching to the host’s mucosal epithelium
)
,
median bodies
, and
flagella (8)
may also be seen
Slide5Slide6Cyst
Slide7habitat: the small intestine (duodenum) and gall-bladder.
Diagnosis
: the diagnosis is based in recovery of typical cyst and less frequently the
trophozoite
in the stool.
Transmission:
faecal-oral (alimentary).
Infective stage
:
cyst.
Slide8Chilomastix mesnili
Chilomastix
mesnili
is a
nonpathogenic
intestinal
commensal
of humans.
This parasite is found in the
large intestine( colon
).
Trophozoite
:
8- 15μm length
broadly wide anterior
a sharply pointed posterior end
one large nucleus
three free flagella, two short and one long
mouth opening ---
cytosome
two stiff internal flagella embedded in the
cytosome
Cyst:7- 10 μm
length
lemon shaped
one nucleus
thickening in the anterior part ( knob).
Slide11Trichomonas
. hominis
Trichomonas
tenax
Trichomonas
vaginalis
Habitat
Large intestine
mouth
Vagina and urethra
Size (length)
5-15
μm
5-12
μm
7-23
μm
Number Anterior flagella
Usually 5
(3-4)
(4-5)
Usually 4
(3-5)
Posterior flagella
Extend on the free margin of undulating membrane
Extend posteriorly beside the costa
Extend
posteriorly
beside the
costa
cytosome
Wide
Narrow(small)
slit-like
Undulating membrane
Full body length with free trailing flagellum
2/3 of the body length
½ of the body length
Cytoplasmic metachromatic granules
Fine & scattered
Fine & scattered
Coarse, aggregated around the undulating membrane &
costa
Para basal body
lacking
Faintly stained
Well-developed
pathogenisity
----
commensal
Pathogenic (
Trichomoniais
)
Slide12Trichomonas vaginalis trophozoite
Slide13Trichomonas hominis tropozoite
Slide14Trichomonas tenax tropozoite