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Chapter 2: Data Chapter 2: Data

Chapter 2: Data - PowerPoint Presentation

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Chapter 2: Data - PPT Presentation

by Alyssa Webb Data can come in many different types but it useless without its context Not all data represented by numbers is numerical ex 1boy 2girl Who What When Where Why and How provides context for data ID: 595096

variable data problem quantitative data variable quantitative problem race sleep winner answer variables hours collected early year number categorical

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Slide1

Chapter 2: Data

by Alyssa WebbSlide2

Data can come in many different types but it useless without it’s context.

Not all data represented by numbers is numerical. (ex: 1=boy, 2=girl)

Who, What, When, Where, Why, and How? provides context for data.If you can’t answer Who and What, then you don’t have data.

What are Data?Slide3

Who

are the cases for which we have collected data.

Respondents- people who answer a surveySubjects/ Participants- people whom we experimentExperimental Units- animals, plants, and inanimate objects

WhoSlide4

The characteristics recorded about each individual are called variables. They should have a name that identifies

What

has been measured.The Why of analysis will shape how we view the variable.

What and WhySlide5

categorical- when a variable names categories and answers how cases fall into these categories

quantitative-when a measured variable with units answers questions about the quantity

Variable TypesSlide6

Where

and

When give us information about the context. How the data are collected can make the difference between insight and nonsense. Where, When, and HowSlide7

Identifier variables- categorical variables with exactly one variable in each category. ex: Social Security number, FedEx tracking number, ect.

Identifying IdentifiersSlide8

A data table is an arrangement of data in which each row represents a case and each column represents a variable.

A case is an individual about whom or which we have the data.

A variable hold information about the same characteristics for many cases.

Data TablesSlide9

For each description of data, identify the

W

’s name, the variables, specify for each variable whether its use indicates it should be treated as categorical or quantitative, and, for any quantitative variable, identify the units in which it was measured (or note that they were not provided). Homework ProblemsSlide10

In the Spring 2001 issue of

Chance

magazine, a psychology professor reported on data he had collected about his sleep patterns. He kept daily records of the number of hours of sleep he got, whether or not he suffered from “early awakening”, whether or not he watched TV in the morning and in the evening, the number of hours he spent standing during the day, and his mood (happy/sad, on a scale from 10-90).problem #23Slide11

Who

- Days

What- Sleep, wake early, TV, hours standing, moodWhen- 2001Where- At homeWhy- To analyze sleep patternsHow- Daily recordingVariable- Sleep, quantitative, hoursVariable- Wake early, categorical

Variable- Tv, categorical

Variable- Hours standing, quantitative, hours

Variable- Mood, quantitative, scale 10-90

problem #23 answerSlide12

The Kentucky Derby is a horse race that has been run every year since 1875 at Churchill Downs, Louisville, Kentucky. The race started as a 1.5 mile race, but in 1896 it was shortened to 1.25 miles because experts felt that 3-year -old horses shouldn’t run such a long race that early in the season (it has been run in May every year but one--1901--when it took place on April 29). Here are the data for the first few recent races.

problem #25Slide13

problem #25Slide14

Who-

Kentucky Derby Races

What- Date, winner, margin, jockey, net proceed to winner, duration, track conditionWhen- 1875 to 2004Where - Churchill Downs, Louisville, KentuckyWhy- To see horse race trendsHow- Official statistics collected at the racesVariable- Year, quantitative, day and year

Variable- Winner, identifier

Variable- Margin, quantitative, horse lengths

Variable- Jockey, categorical

Variable- Net proceeds to winner, quantitative, dollars

Variable- Duration, quantitative, minutes and seconds

Variable- Track condition, categorical

problem #25 answer