PPT-6.830 Lecture 3 Relational Algebra and Normalization

6830 Lecture 3 Relational Algebra and Normalization 9132017 Relational Algebra Projection πR c1 cn π c1c2n R select a subset c1 cn of columns of R Selection σ R . Slide . 1. Relation (Table). name. birth. gpa. grad. Anderson. 1987-10-22. 3.9. 2009. Jones. 1990-4-16. 2.4. 2012. Hernandez. 1989-8-12. 3.1. 2011. Chen. 1990-2-4. 3.2. 2011. VARCHAR(30). DATE. FLOAT. 10. Database Theory & Practice . (4) . :. Data . Normalization. UFCEUS-20-2 : Web . Programming. Normalization . (1). What is . Normalization?. . Informally, . Normalization . can be thought of as a process defined within the theory of relational database to break up larger relations into many small ones using a set of rules. . Beginners. to Advanced. Sophia Georgiakaki. AMATYC 2014. Why Flip?. 3 . credits  not enough time to cover content. Success rates 42% or lower. Students claim to understand lecture in class but cannot figure out problems at home. in medical data. Luca Anselma. a. , Paolo Terenziani. b. a. Dipartimento di Informatica, Università di Torino, Torino, Italy. , Email: . anselma@di.unito.it. b. Dipartimento di Informatica, Università del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro”, Alessandria, Italy. . 6.375 Final Project. Ming Liu, . Shuotao. . Xu. Motivation. Today’s Database Management Systems (DBMS): software running on a standard operating system on a general purpose CPU. DBMS frequently used in analytics and scientific computing, but bottlenecked by:. Nothing is so practical as a good theory. Kurt Lewin, 1945. The relational model. Overcame shortcomings of earlier database models. Has a strong theoretical base. Codd was the major developer. Problems with other models. Relational Algebra (Using SQL DML Syntax):. Data Manipulation Language For Relations. Relational Algebra And SQL. SQL is based on relational algebra with many extensions. Some necessary. Some unnecessary. Developing Relational Thinking in the Primary Grades. Relational Thinking. Students who can express a number in terms of other numbers and operations on those numbers hold a . relational understanding of the number. Normalization. Process for evaluating and correcting table structures . determines the . optimal assignments of attributes to entities. Normalization provides micro view of entities. focuses on characteristics of specific entities. Review. by Eduardo J Ruiz. (Adapted from Fernando . Farfan. Slides). AGENDA. Ch1. Overview of DBMSs. Ch2. Database Design. Ch3. Relational Model. Ch4. Relational Algebra. AGENDA. Ch1. Overview of DBMSs. Today’s Lecture. The Relational Model & Relational Algebra. Relational . Algebra Pt. II . [Optional: may skip]. 2. Lecture 16. 1. The Relational Model & Relational Algebra. 3. Lecture 16 > Section 1. Introduction. Relational algebra . defines the theoretical way of manipulating table contents through a number of relational operators. These relational operators include;. SELECT (or RESTRICT). PROJECT. Cse 344 May 7 th – Exam Review Examination Stations Exam Wednesday 9:30-10:20 One sheet of notes, front and back Practice solutions out after class Good luck! Exam Length Production v. Verification Serge Abiteboul. INRIA Saclay, Collège de France et ENS Cachan. 3/20/12. 1. 3/20/12. 1. 3/20/12. 1. 3/20/12. 1. Recall for first lecture:. Always . question . everything. In industry: to challenge the well established guys .