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Grow Healthy Pakistan Prof Dr Grow Healthy Pakistan Prof Dr

Grow Healthy Pakistan Prof Dr - PowerPoint Presentation

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Uploaded On 2022-06-15

Grow Healthy Pakistan Prof Dr - PPT Presentation

Saira Afzal Dean of Public Health and Preventive Medicine KEMU Grow Healthy Pakistan Current Situation Epidemiology Clinical features of kwashiorkor and Marasmus and their Differences ID: 919499

growth present children malnutrition present growth malnutrition children age marasmus kwashiorkor severe wasting edema weight metabolic stunted health common

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Presentation Transcript

Slide1

Grow Healthy Pakistan

Prof Dr Saira AfzalDean of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, KEMU

Slide2

Grow

Healthy PakistanCurrent SituationEpidemiologyClinical features of kwashiorkor and Marasmus and their DifferencesBiochemical and Metabolic Changes

Prevention

A way forward

Slide3

Stunted Growth

Children are defined as stunted if their height-for-age is more than two standard deviations below the WHO Child Growth Standards median.

Slide4

Stunting is the impaired growth and development that children experience from:

poor nutrition, repeated infection, and poor sanitation condition.

Slide5

Among Children 6-23 months of age, only 12% are fed according to the criteria of minimum acceptable diet

Slide6

More than one in every 

three children born in Pakistan today is stunted.240 Million Children have growth retardation

(https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/361890-number-of-stunted-and-wasted-children-in-pakistan

)

Slide7

Types of PEM

Weight for age less than60%

Weight for age less than 80%

Weight for age less than 60% with edema

Slide8

Slide9

Epidemiology of Malnutrition

Global Burden- Starts In Womb And Ends In TombAffects every 4th Child worldwideMore than 50% deaths are associated with MalnutritionMedian Case fatality rate is 23.5% in severe malnutrition and 50% in edematous Malnutrition

Slide10

Pathogenesis Of

Marasmus

Muscle wasting

Slide11

Pathogenesis of Kwashiorkor

Hepatomegaly

Hypoalbuminemia

Decreased

Oncotic

Pressure

Fluid Imbalance

Edema

Slide12

Kwashiorkor

Condition of Protein Malnutrition Moon Face with little interest in surroundings

Edema of legs

Swollen Abdomen

Protein Intake deficient

Generalised

Muscle Wasting

Hyponatremia

Slide13

Marasmus

Severe Growth Retardation

Total Caloric Malnutrition

Fat wasting

Oedema

Mental Changes

Weight for Height Low

Slide14

Clinical

features Kwashiorkor

Marasmus

Growth Failure

Present

Present

Wasting

present

Present , Marked

Edema

Present , Mild sometimes

Absent

Hair Changes

Common

Less Common

Mental Changes

Very

Common

Uncommon

appetite

Poor

Good

Anemia

Severe

Sometimes

Present , Less severe

Fatty

infiltration of Liver

Present

Absent

Subcutaneous Fat

Reduced but present

Absent

Face

Edematous maybe

Drawn in Monkey like

Slide15

Differential Diagnosis of Malnutrition

Slide16

Biochemical and Metabolic Changes

Hypoalbuminemia (10-25g/l)Plasma Cortisol and Growth levels are highPercentage of body water increasedElectrolytes especially K are depleted

Decreased Urinary Excretion of Urea

Iron Deficiency Anemia and Metabolic Acidosis

Slide17

Prevention

Provision of Adequate NutritionProvision of ProteinHigh Energy Food during PregnancyEducationFood SupplementsBetter School Health ServicesBetter Feeding PracticesAwareness Campaigns

Slide18

First two years of life

Maternal Nutrition and LiteracyBetter Feeding PracticesEducational and Policy ReformsSchool Health Services

Slide19

Thank You