An Overview from Innovative Approaches Stockholm Feb 23 2010 Ousmane Dione Lead Water Resources Spec The World Bank MY THEMES Multipurpose infrastructure decline An evidence for poor developing countries ID: 800117
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Slide1
Addressing Multipurpose Infrastructure Challenges:An Overview from Innovative ApproachesStockholm, Feb. 23, 2010
Ousmane
Dione
Lead Water Resources Spec.
The World Bank
Slide2MY THEMESMultipurpose infrastructure decline: An evidence for poor developing countries
Multipurpose infrastructure: Challenges and Opportunities;
Scaling up multipurpose infrastructure: From Constraints to Benefit Sharing
In conclusion…
Slide3Storage per capita in arid countries
Source: World Bank analysis of ICOLD data
The infrastructure divide…..
even wider for energy access
Slide469%
33%
7%
75%
22%
49%
Source: World Atlas of Hydropower & Dams, 2002
While Europe, North America and Australasia have developed most of the HEP, it is clear that substantial new development would be expected in South America, Africa and Asia.
Slide5storage & regulation (flood & drought)
Water resources
Multi-purpose options
irrigation
water supply
navigation, recreation..
‘new’ renewable
Power
Options analysis
thermal
nuclear
Multi-purpose,byproduct
hydropower
Single-purpose
,
primary
Multipurpose infrastructure: The entry points:
Slide6Irrigated Agriculture
Flood
mngmt.
Watershed
Management
Regional
Transmission
System
Local
Community
Infrastructure
Hydromet
System
Hydropower
From Single Output
…
to Multiple Interests
Growth Pole
Investments
Energy for growth
Fisheries &
aquatic ecosystems
Slide7Climate Change, an additional new challenge:Yet, very little guidance on “How to do it” in water infrastructure…
An urgent need to adapt to water extreme and secure energy needs…
Slide8MY THEMESMultipurpose infrastructure decline: An evidence for poor developing countries
Multipurpose infrastructure: from Challenges to Opportunities;
Scaling up multipurpose infrastructure: From Constraints to Benefit Sharing
In conclusion…
b
Slide9Sequencing and prioritizing options can be complex...But credibility lay on actions on the ground.
Slide10Turning the challenges to opportunities: Exploring the options
Option 1:
Are there low hanging fruits?Engage
earlier in rehabilitation of strategic infrastructure that yield benefits and provide
opportunities for further regional developments
Mount Coffee Hydro Plant
Kainji
Hydro plant
Towers but no conductors
Slide11Turning the Challenges to Opportunities: Exploring the Options
Option 2:
Engage on new infrastructure, ready to be launched as catalyst for quick payoffs and plan smoothly bigger ones.
Both processes could be accompanied
by
Institutional
reforms and strengthening.
Félou
hydropower site
Gouina
Hydropower site
West
Kosi
Hydropower
site
AKHORI DAM
MUNDA DAM
DIAMER BASHA DAM
KURRAM TANGI DAM
Option 3:
Support on-going feasibility
studies and
then invest
on best options (e.g.
Indus
River Basin
)
Turning the Challenges to Opportunities: Exploring the Options
Slide13Name of Project
Live
Storage
(MAF)
Irrigable Area (Acres)
Installed
Capacity (MW)
Status/
Completion Date
Basha Diamer Dam
6.40
4,500
2019-20
Mangla Raising
2.90
-
180
April 2009
Gomal Dam
1.14
163,086
17.4
October 2010
Satpara Dam
0.08
19,920
15.8
September 2009
Munda Dam
0.67
740 MW
2015
Kurram Tangi Dam
0.90
83.4 MW
2012
Akhori Dam
6.00
600
Engineering Design being undertaken
Pipeline of River regulation projects in the Indus Basin (Pakistan)
Slide14Four main challenges associated with multipurpose developmentTechnical challenges could be broad but rarely stop project implementation;Institutional challenges vary within a large spectrum of cases (e.g. up to trans-boundary issues);
Environmental and Social challenges associated with safeguards and
Benefits sharing are among the most controversial and often stale multipurpose projects;Financial challenges
arising from various sources (e.g. cost overrun) Overlap of these challenges, is the main obstacle for multipurpose in developing countries.
Slide15Slide16MY THEMESMultipurpose infrastructure decline: An evidence for poor developing countries
Multipurpose infrastructure: Challenges and Opportunities;
Scaling up multipurpose infrastructure: From Constraints to Enabling Framework
In conclusion…
Slide17ROR-1
ROR-1
ROR-1
ROR-1
Storage
Well articulated, Multipurpose development can bring Benefits
to
Nation (s) and the Communities
1. Watershed
Management
(soil & water
mgt
,
agric.
productivity)
Forest
3. Irrigation
4. Fisheries
5. Flood
Control
6. Other
Benefits:
Economic
Multipliers
Reducing hydrologic risks
Regional cooperation
2. Community
Basic Services
(e.g. water supply, electricity
)
Lifecycle Community Power Royalties
Slide18Opportunities: Choice of the most suitable sites;Optimize water resources in a cascade approach;
Define benefit sharing in a broader and multi-sectors context;
Ensure synergies of actions on the ground; Bring riparian together and minimize trans-boundary tensions;
Design reservoirs in a more sound manner (length vs width)….
Exploring multipurpose development: Basin perspective
Slide19Niger River Basin
Niger Basin at glance
Basin Organization: Niger Basin Authority.
Creation: 1963
Recent Legal agreement: NBA convention 1980
Riparian countries:
Benin, Burkina Faso,
Cameroon, Chad, Cote d’Ivoire, Guinea,
Mali, Niger & Nigeria
Active area: 1.5M km2
Population: 100 million
Water flows:
River length: 4200 km
Maxi: 200 km
3
/ year
Mini: 0 at Niamey (1985)
Slide20Senegal River Basin
Senegal Basin at glance
Basin Organization: OMVS.
Creation: March 11, 1972
Recent Legal agreement: Inclusive Framework (2005)
Riparian countries:
Guinea, Mali, Mauritania& Senegal.
Active area: 380,000 km
2
Population: ±13 million.
Water Resources:
-River length: 1800 km
-Maxi: 30 km
3
/year
-Mini: 0.1Million
Slide21Addressing the Institutional Framework is CriticalNiger Basin: overall reform of the Niger Basin Authority (NBA);Framework between the regional, the national and the local levels (through consultations and planning) defined;Senegal River Basin: Inclusion of Guinea within OMVS framework;
Senegal River Basin: OMVS institutional chart revised to include the three levels (regional, national and local);
Slide22Council of Ministers
Summit of Heads of State
OMVS High Commission
Consultative Organs
(Planning, Consultation & Regulation
)
09 LCCs
Local Coordination Committees
OMVS
Mali
OMVS
Senegal
OMVS
Mauritania
OMVS
Guinea
08 LCCs
14 LCCs
07 LCCs
National Cells
Getting the institution right: OMVS
organogram
Regional level
Slide23Ensure timely consultations and communications with stakeholders on specifics Niger River Basin: Fada Ngurma Forum
is the civil society consultative framework for the basin development issues;Senegal River Basin: NGO’s union (CODESEN and CONGAD) are the key interlocutors;
Senegal River Basin: Local Coordination Committees representatives participate in OMVS Permanent Water Commission (PWC);Ensuring that linkages between the regional, the national and local are also translated into actions on the ground.
Slide24Consultations of stakeholders and trainings on development issues
Slide25Ensure that Environmental and Social issues are properly addressed:From safeguards compliance to grassroots benefits and ownership:Identify at an early stage the benefits at stakes and include them in the design;Integrate benefit packages as appropriate (e.g. irrigation and rural electrification);
Build ownership and foster inclusion as they are critical for success. Provide benefits to stakeholders and communicate on results with links to the multipurpose infrastructure;
Slide26Ensuring Benefits Sharing: Rural Electrification based on existing transmission lines
Slide27Ensuring Benefits Sharing: Irrigation development in the Senegal Valley
Slide28Ensuring Benefits Sharing: Agroforestry and Watershed Management in the Fouta Djalon
BEFORE
AFTER
Slide29Ensuring Benefits Sharing: Development of Fishery in the Senegal Valley
BEFORE
AFTER
Slide30Ensuring Benefits Sharing: Reduction of Water Borne Diseases (Malaria
&
Bilharzia
)
Slide31Scaling up cooperative benefits from multipurpose: The resultsCooperative Benefits generated in Senegal Basin MWRD –OMVS program (US$ 310 million):3 million LLINs to mitigate malaria effects from the dams;Praziquantel to children against
Bilharzia;Navigation over 900 km;
Rural electrification along the 1500 km power transmission;Construction of intakes and rehabilitation of pumping stations (55, 000 ha irrigation)
Watershed management in Guinea;Local level empowerment with NGOs;Feasibility studies of 4 dams
. From local to Regional
Cooperative Benefits generated in Niger Basin WRDSEM (US$ 500 million):
Institutional reform & strengthening of NBA & its national cells.Rehabilitation of Kainji
& Jebba HEP 2000MW – connection to Niger &Benin ;
Feasibility studies of 4 dams (ML, GN, NGR, CMR);
Watershed management in Guinea and erosion control in Niger;
Irrigation (34,000ha in Mali, Niger and Benin);
Development of fisheries in Mali.
Stakeholders empowerment through
Fada
Ngurma
Forum.
From Regional to local
Slide32FAMAURITANIA
MALI
SENEGAL
Joint Project Agreement
OMVS
Subsidiary Credit Agreements
GUINEA
SAED
PDIAM
SONADER
GENIE-RURAL
Performance
Contracts
Financing Arrangements for the Senegal River Basin Multipurpose Program
Overcoming the financing gap and instrument
Slide3333…..Technical focus on the most innovative and optimized approach: multipurpose cascade in SRB
Slide3434…..Technical focus on the most innovative and optimized approach: multipurpose cascade in NRB
Slide35Maintain leadership focus: Successful Multipurpose is Good Water Resources Management
which is also Good Politics
Slide36With climate change impacts, multipurpose infrastructure through basin approach can respond to water storage, reduce variability ands optimize various needs (Energy?) through a cascade design;
Multipurpose infrastructure can provides multiples benefits to nation (s) and stakeholders (win/win);
Basin organizations provide the tools (institutional and legal);
Shift ways of doing business based on the infrastructure legacy and
basin context;Project not always gratefully received – understand what is at stake and communicate;
Action speaks louder than words – What is
good for population is good for politicians
….. good for financing partners;
That
, at least, is the
theory! ….
But move it to practice.
In conclusion
Slide37THANK
YOU