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Tools  of Geography GEOGRAPHY Tools  of Geography GEOGRAPHY

Tools of Geography GEOGRAPHY - PowerPoint Presentation

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Tools of Geography GEOGRAPHY - PPT Presentation

The study of the human and nonhuman features of Earth our home Geography The Study of Earth 11 Cardinal Directions Cardinal directions are North South East and West ID: 783735

earth map area location map earth location area shows human maps directions longitude physical place latitude surface hemisphere environment

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Slide1

Tools of Geography

Slide2

GEOGRAPHY

The

study of the human and

nonhuman features of Earth, our home.

Geography: The Study of Earth 1.1

Slide3

Cardinal Directions

Cardinal directions are North, South, East, and West.

(N, S, E, W)

Slide4

Intermediate directions

Intermediate directions lie between the cardinal directions.

(NE, SE, NW, SW)

Slide5

Sphere

A round-shaped body

Slide6

Latitude

Is the distance measured in degrees north or south of the Equator.

Lines of latitude run east to west.

Slide7

Degrees

Are units that measure angles(º)

Slide8

Minutes

Smaller units of measure for measuring longitude and latitude.(

΄

)Coordinates for Southaven, MSLatitude: 34°59′ N Longitude: 90°00′ W

Slide9

equator

The imaginary line that divides the Earth into the Northern and Southern Hemisphere.

The Equator is also

known as the 0º degree latitude line.

Slide10

Hemisphere

Each half of the Earth.

Northern and Southern Hemisphere

Eastern and Western Hemisphere

Slide11

Prime Meridian

The imaginary line that divides the Earth into the Eastern and

Western

Hemisphere.The Prime Meridian is known as the 0º line of longitude.

Slide12

longitude

Is the distance measured in degrees east or west of the Prime Meridian.

Lines of longitude run North and South.

Slide13

Geography’s Five Themes 1.2

1.

The five themes of geography

are location, place, region, movement, and human-environment interaction.2. Geographers answer 2 basic questions: 1. Where are things located? 2. Why are they there?

Slide14

Location

– where something is.

*Absolute location – describes a place’s exact position on Earth in terms of longitude and latitude Ex: Mississippi is 32° 35’N, 89° 39’WEx: Southaven is 34° N, 90° W*Relative location

– the location of a place relative to another place.

Ex

:

Southaven is about 196 miles N of Jackson

Slide15

Place

refers to the mix of human and nonhuman

features at a given location.Ex: hilly, wet, on a river, major cityRegion – an area with at least one unifying physical or human feature Ex: climate, landforms, population, or history.

Movement – explores how people, goods, and ideas get

from one place to another.

Ex

: food, fuel, and other basic goods.

Slide16

Human-Environment Interaction

-

considers how

people affect their environment, or their natural surroundings, and how their environment affects them.Ex: The movement of water from the Potomac River into Washington’s water system.

Slide17

Ways to Show Earth’s Surface 1.3

Scale

the area a given space on the map corresponds to in the real world.EX. One inch on a globe might correspond to 600 miles on Earth’s surface

Slide18

aerial photographs

p

hotographic images of Earth’s surface taken from the air.

satellite imagespictures of Earth’s surface taken from a satellite in orbit.

Slide19

DistortionThe loss of accuracy in the size or position of objects on a map.

Slide20

projectionsWays to map Earth on a flat surface.

Slide21

The Equal-Area ProjectionAn equal-area map shows the correct size of landmasses. However, their shapes are distorted.

Slide22

The mercator PRojection

The Mercator projection shows correct shapes and directions, but not true distances or sizes.

Mercator maps make areas near the poles look bigger than they are.

Slide23

The Robinson projectionThe Robinson Projection shows nearly the correct size and shape of most land areas. Distortions are seen in areas around the edges of the map.

Slide24

key

Map key explains the symbols and shading on the map.

Under Standing Maps 1.4

Slide25

Locator MapThe locator map shows a larger area than the main map. It shows where the area on the map is located within this larger area.

Locator Map

Slide26

Scale BarA scale bar shows how much space on the map represents a given distance on the land.

Slide27

Compass RoseA diagram of a compass showing direction.

Compass rose

Slide28

Physical Map

Physical maps show physical, or natural features.

Types of Maps 1.5

Slide29

elevationElevation is the height above sea level.

Slide30

Special purpose mapSpecial-purpose maps show the location or distribution of human or physical features.

Slide31

Political Map

Political maps show political units, such as countries or states.