AWD 4M1 Toulouse Lautrec 1891 In 1891 ToulouseLautrecs extraordinary first poster Moulin Rouge elevated the status of the poster to fine art and touched off a poster craze During the 1890s called the Belle Epoque in ID: 803839
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Slide1
12A History of Poster Design
AWD 4M1
Slide2Toulouse Lautrec 1891
In 1891,
Toulouse-Lautrec's extraordinary first poster,
Moulin Rouge
, elevated the status of the poster to fine art and touched off a poster craze. During the 1890s, called the Belle Epoque in
France, poster exhibitions, magazines and dealers proliferated;
Slide3Toulouse Lautrec 1892
At the 1867 World’s Fair in Paris, Japan exhibited a wide range of decorative objects and art, including bronzes, brush paintings, textiles, ceramics, and the popular
ukiyo-e
woodblock prints. In attendance was an emerging group of avant-garde artists, soon to be known as the
Impressionists
.
They were awed by what they saw and took special note of the
ukiyo
-e prints, which many of them voraciously collected. The motifs and techniques they observed in the prints—a focus on nature and everyday scenes, as well as compositional methods of extreme cropping, unusual vantage points, and depth created through broad planes of color instead of point perspective—greatly influenced their own work. By 1872, a new term was coined to describe the craze for all things Japanese:
Japonisme
.
Slide4The Great Wave
Hokusai
French artist Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec (1864-1901) was a collector of Japanese prints and routinely applied the visual language of
Ukiyo
-e to his prints and paintings. This portrait of a nineteenth-century French actress
Marcelle
Lender draws on many of the conventions of
Ukiyo
-e actor prints--the highly stylized pose, bold colors and patterning, flattened perspective, and asymmetrical composition
Slide5.Alphonse
Mucha
1894 *pronounced
Muxa
Style: Art Nouveau
Characteristics: intricate designs based on plant qualities -lines look like vines
Just three years later,
Alphonse Mucha, a Czech working in Paris, created the first masterpiece of
Art Nouveau poster design.
T
his
flowering, ornate style became the major international decorative art movement up until World War I.
Slide6Alphonse
Mucha
1898
Slide7The Kiss Peter Behrens 1898
The
Kiss
a central image of
Jugendstil
, the German counterpart of Art Nouveau
Slide8Julius Klinger 1900
Slide9Theophile
Steinlen
1896
Style: Art Nouveau
Art Nouveau gets tiring and artists were
transforming Art
Nouveau's
organic approach. These schools rejected curvilinear ornamentation in favor of a rectilinear and geometric structure based on functionalism.
Slide10Ludwig
Holhlwein
Daimler, Mercedes
1926
Style:
Plakatstil
(Poster Style)
-characterized by an emphasis on flat
colours
and shapes
-work was abstract, more in line with modern visual language
Slide11Lucian Bernhard 1906
Style:
Plakastil
Specific Style:
Sachplakat
(Object poster)
-simplified to image of product and the brand name
Slide12Lucian Bernhard 1908
*also type designer of fonts whose name start with Bernhard
Slide13A.M.
Cassandre
1935
Style: Art Deco
-Art Nouveau style too flowery in
industrial time & the
time
of Cubism & Futurism
-simplified shapes and replace curvy lettering with
Sleek, angular ones
-
Cassandre
uses air brush as medium and his posters
Become icons of the Industrial Age
-the first graphic design courses begin in Europe
*key moment in the transition from illustration to
Graphic design in advertising
-
Cassandre’s
work has really dynamic compositions,
Abstract geometry and bold typography that were
Integrated into the image.
Slide14Cassandre
became
the first poster artist to be honored with a one-man show at New York's Museum of Modern Art in 1936. He is generally considered the greatest poster artist of the
century. Many of his 60 plus original vintage posters are amongst the most expensive and sought after of all posters.
Slide15Roger
Broder
s
c. 1930
Style: Art Deco
Celebrates the decadence and elegance
of 1920s and 1930s
Slide16James Montgomery Flagg 1917
.
Utilizing modern Madison Avenue techniques, America alone produced about 2,500 striking poster designs and approximately 20 million posters - nearly 1 for every 4 citizens - in little more than 2 years.
World War 1
–
poster’s role is huge as tool for propaganda
-biggest advertising campaign to date
-must use to raise $, recruit soldiers and volunteers and influence attitudes
Slide17Rosie Riveter J. Howard Miller 1942
World War 2
Bring out the posters again for propaganda.
Slide18Josef Muller Brockman 1951
The
International Typographic Style, or Swiss Style, was also perfectly suited to the increasingly globally connected world. Highly structured, systematic designs granted order and clarity to everything from highways and airports to product instruction manuals.
This style
developed in Switzerland in the late '50s and '60s. It employed basic typographic elements with strict graphic rules and often replaced illustration with stark, "modern" photography
.
.
Style: International Typographic Style
Slide19Josef Muller Brockman 1955
Slide20Otl
Aicher
1972
Slide21Saul Bass 1955
*first time the content of the movie wasn’t shown but rather the concept of the movie
Slide22Saul Bass 1958
Slide23Saul Bass 1961
Slide24Jim Fitzpatrick 1967
Slide25Wes Wilson 1967
Psychedelic Posters
-clashing
colours
-type barely legible
Art reacts to what came before it
–
art in
t
he 1960s is chaotic in response to the
o
rderly work of the 1950s. (influence of
Surrealism, Pop Art & Expressionism) the
Styles are more relaxed (intuitive)
Slide26Peter Max
Slide27Milton Glaser 1975
Art reacts to what came before it
–
art in
t
he 1960s is chaotic in response to the
o
rderly work of the 1950s. (influence of
Surrealism, Pop Art & Expressionism) the
Styles are more relaxed (intuitive)
Slide28Heather Cooper 1977
Slide29April
Greiman
1986
*introduction of the personal computer allowed designers freedom to directly produce their own work
Style: Post Modern
–
this describes the breaking of previous design rules
Slide30David Carson 2001
He is best known for his innovative magazine design, and use of experimental
typography.
his widely imitated aesthetic defined the so-called "grunge typography" era.
[2]
Slide31David Carson 2012
Slide32David Carson
Slide33Shepard
Fairey
2008