a closed fist It is located in the mediastinum which is the area in the center of the chest under the sternum The heart acts as a doublesided pump moving deoxygenated blood to the lungs and oxygenated blood to the body ID: 920864
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Slide1
Heart Size and Location
The heart is a hollow, muscular organ about the size of a closed fistIt is located in the mediastinum, which is the area in the center of the chest, under the sternum
Slide2The heart acts as a
double-sided pump, moving deoxygenated blood to the lungs and oxygenated blood to the body
Slide3Layers of the Heart
The pericardium is the protective sac that surrounds the heart.The epicardium is the thin, protective outer layer of the heart, composed of
connective tissue.
Slide4Layers of the Heart Cont.
The myocardium is the thick, middle, muscular layer.The myocardium performs the powerful pumping action (contractions) of the heart.The
endocardium
is the thin, smooth inner lining.
Slide5Layers of the Heart
Slide6Chambers of the Heart
The heart is divided into four chambersright atriumleft atriumright ventricle left ventricle
Slide7Chambers of the Heart Cont.
The atria (plural) are the small top chambers of the heart. An atrium (singular) is one of the top chambers of the heart.There is a right atrium and a left atrium.
Slide8Chambers of the Heart Cont.
The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the superior and inferior vena cava.The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the pulmonary veins.
Slide9Chambers of the Heart Cont.
The ventricles are the large lower chambers of the heart. There is a right ventricle and a left ventricle.
Slide10Chambers of the Heart Cont.
The right ventricle receives blood from the right atrium via the tricuspid valve.The left ventricle receives blood from the left atrium via the bicuspid valve.The left ventricle is the largest, strongest chamber and is considered the “
powerhouse
” of the heart.
Slide11Valves
The heart contains four valves, which keep blood flowing in one direction.
Slide12Valves Cont.
Semilunar valves: The pulmonary semilunar valve is between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery.The aortic valve is between the left ventricle and the aorta
Slide13Valves Cont.
Atrioventricular valves are between an atrium and a ventricle.The tricuspid valve is between the right atrium and the right ventricle.The bicuspid valve is between the left atrium and the left ventricle.
Slide14Types of Blood Vessels
Veins are blood vessels that carry blood toward the heart.Venules are small veins.Arteries
are blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.
Arterioles
are small arteries.
Capillaries
are the smallest blood vessels.
Capillaries connect
venules to arterioles
, and they are the exchange site for oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and other substances that travel through the blood.
Slide15Major Blood Vessels
The superior vena cava is one of the largest veins in the body. It carries deoxygenated blood from the upper half of the body to the right atrium of the heart.
Slide16Major Blood Vessels Cont.
The inferior vena cava is also one of the largest veins in the body. It carries deoxygenated blood from the lower half of the body toward the right atrium of the heart.
Slide17Major Blood Vessels Cont.
Pulmonary is a medical term that refers to the lungs. The pulmonary arteries are arteries that carry deoxygenated blood away from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs.
There are right and left pulmonary arteries.
Slide18Major Blood Vessels Cont.
The pulmonary veins are veins that carry newly oxygenated blood from the lungs toward the left atrium of the heart.The aorta is the largest artery in the body. The aorta carries oxygenated blood coming from the left ventricle of the heart to the body.