PDF-(BOOS)-Evidence

Howard S Becker is a master of his discipline His reputation as a teacher as well as a sociologist is supported by his bestselling quartet of sociological guidebooks Writing for Social Scientists Tricks of the Trade Telling About Society and What About Mozart What About Murder It turns out that the master sociologist has yet one more trick up his sleevea fifth guidebook Evidence Becker has for seventy years been mulling over the problem of evidence He argues that social scientists dont take questions about the usefulness of their data as evidence for their ideas seriously enough For example researchers have long used the occupation of a persons father as evidence of the familys social class but studies have shown this to be a flawed measurefor one thing a lot of people answer that question too vaguely to make the reasoning plausible The book is filled with examples like this and Becker uses them to expose a series of errors suggesting ways to avoid them or even to turn them into research topics in their own right He argues strongly that because no datagathering method produces totally reliable information a big part of the research job consists of getting rid of error Readers will find Beckers newest guidebook a valuable tool useful for social scientists of every variety. Comprehensive yet compact and user-friendly, the fourth edition of Introduction to Communication Disorders takes a unique lifespan perspective that enables students to focus both on disorders and also on how these disorders impact on the lives of individuals. Through case studies, technical illustrations, best practices boxes, and other features, each chapter describes a specific disorder, related assessment, and applicable intervention methods - all with a foundation in evidence-based practices. More than a simple catalog of communication disorders, this relaxed and readable introductory text illustrates each chapter with a detailed case study. In addition, the new and completely revised fourth edition of this book has been updated to include new features, new research, and new material. New to this Edition: The addition of evidence-based practice (EBP) throughout the text provides students with the most effective and efficient assessment and intervention practices possible. Research updates and revisions throughout the text, including over 400 new and relevant research studies, keeps the book current and relevant in an ever-changing field. Best practices boxes in each chapter cover the ideal assessment and intervention process for each disorder discussed and offer students a quick and easy-to-read reference. Website references in each chapter allow readers to further explore topics relating to communication disorders on the Internet. New diagrams and figures illustrate the locations of various disorders, especially those with a neurological basis. New communication disorders have been added, including childhood motor speech disorders and other language disorders, making the text more comprehensive. A redesigned companion website is now more user-friendly and better helps students learn the material included in the text and explore additional websites of interest. This text is designed to introduce and instruct the speech pathology profession about the concept of evidence based practice (EBP) and how it applies to the profession. It aims to demonstrate how to apply the principles of EBP to research and to education and shows that although the process of incorporating good findings into practice is not straight-forward, it is possible that research makes a difference to patient outcomes. The need to train both under and postgraduate students in EBP is emphasized, thereby enabling speech pathologists to identify and appraise high quality, clinically relevant research and apply the principles of EBP to their clinical practice. Revised And Updated With The Latest Epidemiologic Research, The Second Edition Of Life Cycle Nutrition: An Evidence-Based Approach Explores Nutritional Foundations And The Growth, Development And Normal Functioning Of Individuals Through Each Stage Of Life. With Subjects As Diverse As Media Influences On Eating, Skipping Breakfast, Fruit Juice Consumption, And Clinical Nutrition, This Text Gives Students Current Knowledge, Helps Them Evaluate Emerging Knowledge, And Prepares Them To Uncover New Knowledge For The Public, Their Clients, And Themselves. Key Features: Evidence-Based Practice Sections Contains Research Articles That Provide Students With An Opportunity To Create Peer-Reviewed Studies And Clinical Trials. Cultural Diversity Sidebars, Integrated Throughout The Text, Present Issues That Challenge Students To Think Critically About The Nutritional And Health Differences Among Ethnic Groups. Interesting Vignettes, Based On Nutrition And Health, Enhance Student Understanding Of The Material Presented. Issues To Debate Sections Provides Timely Topics For Debate And Further Consideration Such As Withholding And Withdrawing Nutrition, The Ethical Implications Of Nutrition Care, And Right To Die Case Law. Students Will Learn The Physiological, Moral, Ethical, And Legal Issues Surrounding These Emotionally Charged Issues. Case Studies And Nutritional Management Help Students Develop Knowledge And Skills Within A Wide Variety Of Subjects And Improve Critical Thinking, Public Speaking, And Group Interactions. Now in a completely updated second edition, An Evidence-based Approach to Dietary Phytochemicals and Other Dietary Factors is a trusted resource for all health professionals who need to interpret the explosion of information on the role of a plant-based diet in health and disease. It consolidates a wealth of scientifically accurate, peer-reviewed data on plant foods, dietary phytochemicals, and dietary supplements, and includes information on essential intake recommendations, dietary sources, nutrient and drug interactions, phytochemicals in disease prevention, possible adverse effects, and much more.Special features:All chapters revised and updated, with new sections on choline, coenzyme Q10, L-Carnitine, lipoic acid, and other dietary factorsLogically structured for quick access to information: begins with the evidence-based benefits of fruits and vegetables, legumes, nuts, whole grains, coffee, and tea and goes on to the scientific and clinical data on individual dietary phytochemicals and classes of phytochemicals, including carotenoids, flavonoids, fiber, and moreSummaries at the end of each chapter for rapid reviewPeer-reviewed by experts in the field, ensuring that all material is accurate and up-to-dateThe well-constructed appendix includes not only a quick reference to diseases and foods and where to find them in the book, but also useful tables on phytochemical-drug interactions, phytochemical-nutrient interactions, and phytochemical-rich foods a summary of the glycemic index of dietary carbohydrates and a comprehensive glossary of terms A team-based approach drives the learning process to promote problem solving and encourage active engagement and participation. Pre-class reading assignments prepare students for in-class, team-based learning. Students learn to write a research question that addresses a health-care practice problem, and then find and read evidence that addresses the question. The different types of research and the different methods and measurements that are used to evaluate each type are discussed as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each. Examples from health care research illustrate important concepts and their application in practice. Key Words identify and translate terms commonly used in scientific writing. Exercise boxes throughout the text ask students to apply what they are learning. Misleading DNA Evidence: A Guide for Scientists, Judges, and Lawyers presents the reasons miscarriages of justice can occur when dealing with DNA, what the role of the forensic scientist is throughout the process, and how judges and lawyers can educate themselves about all of the possibilities to consider when dealing with cases that involve DNA evidence.DNA has become the gold standard by which a person can be placed at the scene of a crime, and the past decade has seen great advances in this powerful crime solving tool. But the statistics that analysts can attach to DNA evidence often vary, and in some cases the statistical weight assigned to that match, can vary enormously. The numbers provided to juries often overstate the evidence, and can result in a wrongful conviction. In addition to statistics, the way the evidence is collected, stored and analyzed can also result in a wrongful conviction due to contamination.This book reviews high-profile and somewhat contentious cases to illustrate these points, including the death of Meredith Kercher. It examines crucial topics such as characterization of errors and determination of error rates, reporting DNA profiles and the source and sub-source levels, and the essentials of statement writing. It is a concise, readable resource that will help not only scientists, but legal professionals with limited scientific backgrounds, to understand the intricacies of DNA use in the justice system. Ideal reference for scientists and for those without extensive scientific backgroundsWritten by one of the pioneers in forensic DNA typing and interpretation of DNA profiling resultsIdeal format for travel, court environments, or wherever easy access to reference material is vital As one of the first texts of its kind, Evidence-Based Practice in Athletic Training contains essential information on the fundamentals of evidence-based practice (EBP) for students who are working toward certification in athletic training and athletic trainers who wish to stay up to date on best practices in the field. With EBP, all clinical decisions are based on available research studies, and these studies are selected and assessed according to specific criteria that yield evidence of benefit. EBP is a continuing education requirement for athletic trainers who are certified with the Board of Certification (BOC).Grounded in solid science, Evidence-Based Practice in Athletic Training explains the basics of EBP and the research design methods that are so vital to its implementation. Starting in part I, the text introduces the various levels of evidence, well-built question development using the PICO technique (patient problem or population, intervention, comparison, and outcomes), the five steps of searching for evidence, and search techniques. Part II guides readers through researching specific questions and evaluating research studies, including how to incorporate the evidence they find into their clinical practice. Part III reviews the various research types, their uses and benefits, and research ethics as a critical part of the process of EBP. Through these step-by-step chapters, readers will be able to formulate clinical questions, perform research on current studies, analyze the available data, and apply the principles in their practice in order to provide the best and most accurate care possible.In addition to in-depth information on the principles and application of EBP, Evidence-Based Practice in Athletic Training presents clinically based scenarios that allow students to apply their recently acquired knowledge to real-life situations, thus encouraging a deeper understanding of the topics presented throughout the text. These scenarios allow those who are learning EBP concepts for the first time to understand how EBP is incorporated clinically.The most efficient, systematic, and thorough resource of its kind, Evidence-Based Practice in Athletic Training encourages students and current certified athletic trainers to ask meaningful questions, gain the knowledge they need for excelling in future practice, and rise to the top of their profession. For students who want a thorough skill base in EBP and for credentialed health care professionals who seek further knowledge in the area, Evidence-Based Practice in Athletic Training will help all current and future athletic trainers provide the best care for their athletes and clients. A book for staff nurses about evidence-based practice--one of the most important movements in health care in the 21st Century. The 90 stories are written by staff nurses in health-care facilities across the country. Contains true stories of how nurses are using EBP to improve care for their patients. The stories were compiled by two of the leading nurse experts in EBP: Bernadettte Mazurek Melnyk and Ellen Fineout-Overholt. A useful supplement to EBP textbooks. A perfect gift book for new or seasoned nurses. Practising evidence-based medicine necessarily depends on the clinician having access to the best evidence available, but in a fast-moving field, keeping up to date with the latest developments is a challenging prospect. In this new volume, leading experts focus on the most important clinical issues associated with the management of lipid disorders, evaluating and interpreting the evidence available to provide the reader with a reliable summary of our current knowledge. Topics covered include therapeutical strategies for managing hereditary lipid disorders, including familial hypercholesterolemia, both in adults and children, and familial combined hypercholesterolemia. The authors also evaluate the evidence for a link between inflammatory disease and cardiovascular risk the metabolic syndrome and the interconnections between dyslipidemias and diabetes. They also look at therapeutic challenges such as the management of patients who are statin resistant, and the control of lipid levels in those suffering renal insufficiency. Tables highlight important data, evidence from trial results and expert reports, and each section concludes with a series of key points that present a summary of evidence-based recommendations for best practice, graded according to the quality of that evidence. Evidence-based Management of Lipid Disorders provides the busy clinician with a unique analysis of the data supporting current therapies and will help the reader formulate effective strategies for treating their own patients. Designed for students and practitioners, Arlene Fink’s practical book shows how to do evidence-based research in public health. As a great deal of evidence-based practice occurs online, Evidence Based Public Health Practice focuses on how to find, use and interpret online sources of public health information. It also includes examples of community-based participatory research and shows how to link data with community preferences and needs. Each chapter begins with specific learning objectives and concludes with practice exercises geared to the objectives. Each chapter also contains a list of key terms that are an essential part of an evidence-based public health practitioner’s vocabulary. The book includes a comprehensive glossary, and hundreds of online and print references, examples, and charts. This updated edition of Painless Evidence-Based Medicine presents basic concepts and application of research statistics in simple and practical manner creating an introductory approach to the complex and technical subject of evidence-based medicine from experienced teachers. A simplified introductory approach to the complex and technical subject of evidence-based medicine from experienced teachers Approaches learning from the vantage point of clinical questions on therapy, diagnosis, prognosis or harm rather than the framework of study designs Provides tables and boxed case studies throughout highlighting key topics, or difficult issues, in an easy to read manner Emphasizes applicability of EBM, encouraging readers to dissect the evidence and how results can be applied to individual patients with different circumstances, varying values and preferences New to the Second Edition are chapters on health screening, clinical practice guidelines, and major updates incorporating recommended trial criteria For many complaints and conditions, the benefits from surgery are lower, and the risks higher, than you or your surgeon think. In this book you will see how commonly performed operations can be found to be useless or even harmful when properly evaluated. That these claims come from an experienced, practicing orthopedic surgeon who performs many of these operations himself, makes the unsettling argument particularly compelling. Of course no surgeon is recommending invasive surgery in bad faith, but Ian Harris argues that the evidence for the success for many common operations, including knee arthroscopies, back fusion or cardiac stenting, become current accepted practice without full examination of the evidence. Follow this multi-disciplinary, scientific study as it examines the evidence of a great global catastrophe that occurred only 11,500 years ago. Crustal shifting, the tilting of Earth\'s axis, mass extinctions, upthrusted mountain ranges, rising and shrinking land masses, and gigantic volcanic eruptions and earthquakes--all indicate that a fateful confrontation with a destructive cosmic visitor must have occurred. The abundant geological, biological, and climatological evidence from this dire event calls into question many geological theories and will awaken our memories to our true--and not-so-distant--past. The ability to preserve electronic evidence is critical to presenting a solid case for civil litigation, as well as in criminal and regulatory investigations. Preserving Electronic Evidence for Trial provides everyone connected with digital forensics investigation and litigation with a clear and practical hands-on guide to the best practices in preserving electronic evidence.Corporate management personnel (legal amp IT) and outside counsel need reliable processes for the litigation hold 8211 identifying, locating, and preserving electronic evidence. Preserving Electronic Evidence for Trial provides the road map, showing you how to organize the digital evidence team before the crisis, not in the middle of litigation. This practice handbook by an internationally known digital forensics expert and an experienced litigator focuses on what corporate and litigation counsel as well as IT managers and forensic consultants need to know to communicate effectively about electronic evidence.You will find tips on how all your team members can get up to speed on each other8217s areas of specialization before a crisis arises. The result is a plan to effectively identify and pre-train the critical electronic-evidence team members. You will be ready to lead the team to success when a triggering event indicates that litigation is likely, by knowing what to ask in coordinating effectively with litigation counsel and forensic consultants throughout the litigation progress. Your team can also be ready for action in various business strategies, such as merger evaluation and non-litigation conflict resolution.Destroy your electronic evidence, destroy your own case8212learn how to avoid falling off this cliffLearn how to organize the digital evidence team before the crisis, not in the middle of litigationLearn effective communication among forensics consultants, litigators and corporate counsel and management for pre-litigation process planningLearn the critical forensics steps your corporate client must take in preserving electronic evidence when they suspect litigation is coming, and why cheerful neglect is not an option