2019 PPT Created by Amanda Merck Salud America Community Health Program University of Texas Health San Antonio in collaboration with the West Virginia Center for Childrens Justice Adverse Childhood Experiences ACEs ID: 1045317
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1. Intro to Adverse Childhood Experiences2019PPT Created by Amanda MerckSalud America! Community Health ProgramUniversity of Texas Health San Antonio in collaboration with the West Virginia Center for Children’s Justice
2. Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs):Definition & ImpactEffectsResponseIntro to ACEs
3. ACEs: Definition & ImpactAdverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are potentially traumatic events that can have negative, lasting effects on health and well-beingDefinition: Child TrendsABUSEEmotionalSexualPhysicalDomestic violenceWitnessing violenceBullyingCyberbullyingInstitutional LOSSDeathAbandonmentNeglectSeparationNatural DisasterAccidentsTerrorismWarCHRONIC STRESSPovertyRacismInvasive medical procedureCommunity traumaFamily member with substance use disorder
4. ACEs: Definition & ImpactSource: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Service Administration
5. ACEs: Definition & ImpactNational study of 5,117 Latinos ages 18-74 found 77.8% experienced at least one ACE in childhood (in contrast to the 46% of youth in general who are currently exposed to ACEs).The same study found that 28.7% of Latinos experienced four ACEs or more.Learn more: Salud America! Research Review, 2017, http://salud.to/latinochild
6. 60% of U.S. children have been exposed to violence, crime, or abuse.ACEs: Definition & Impact
7. 1 in 15 U.S. children are exposed to domestic violence a year. ACEs: Definition & Impact
8. Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs):Definition & ImpactEffectsResponseIntro to ACEs
9. ACEs: EffectsChanges a child’s brain:Repeated/chronic activation of stress hormones bypass thinking part of brain and activate survival part of brain, aka fight, flight, or freezeStrengthens fight, flight, or freeze neural pathways then become efficient and predominantInterrupts normal development and impairs complex thought and learning
10. ACEs: EffectsChanges a child’s behavior:Aggression, irritable, whiny, clingy, moodyMore headaches, stomachaches, and overreaction to minor bumps and bruisesDifficulty identifying or labeling feelings, communicating needs and controlling impulsesProblems with focus, easily startled, and over-reacts to sounds, touch, and sirensDistrust of others, authorityDissociation, checking out, and under-reactionSource: Dr. Joy Gilbert, Trauma, Toxic Stress and the Effects on Children Educator Skills
11. ACEs: EffectsCauses long-term problems:Chronic absenteeism, attention problems, suspension, and expulsionSmoking, substance abuse, teen pregnancy, dropping out of high school, failed relationships, domestic violence, and involvement in criminal justice systemAnxiety, depression, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, stroke, asthma, lupus, multiple sclerosis, osteoporosis, viral infections and autoimmune diseases.
12. Like a needle on a record player, complex trauma wears a groove in the brain. A reminder of the trauma can cause their bodies to replay their traumatic reaction—mobilizing them to either run from or fight the threat, while shutting down other systems that help them think and reason. ACEs: Effects
13. S Kids have no sense of feeling safe in their own skin or their environment.A Kids don’t know how to have healthy attachments to others.R Kids don’t know how to self regulate.A Kids don’t know how to act.ACEs: Effects
14. Why healthcare leaders should careTrauma in kids is linked to adult health and social problems in many studies.
15. Why police leaders should careTraumatized kids often engage in riskier behaviors than their peers.
16. Why school leaders should careTrauma turns off kids’ learning switch!Decreased reading abilityLower GPAHigher rate of school absencesIncreased drop-out More suspensions and expulsionsNational Child Traumatic Stress Network – Child Trauma Toolkit for Educators 2008
17. Why school leaders should careA traumatized kid sees the world as a dangerous place, including school. Unfortunately, many adopt behavioral coping mechanisms that can frustrate educators, evoke exasperated reprisal.Reactivity and Impulsivity AggressionDefianceWithdrawalPerfectionism
18. Trauma happens daily
19. The next day in school…Are these children:Hungry?Falling asleep in class?Doing their homework?Failing a test?Staring off into space?Having an outburst?
20. The next day in school…Are these schools:“Trauma-sensitive schools” (safe places where kids can build positive relationships with adults and peers, learn to manage their emotions and behavioral responses, and find academic success)?
21. Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs):Definition & ImpactEffectsResponseIntro to ACEs
22. ACEs: Response“Many of these children are not at-risk anymore. They are wounded. Their deep scars of emotional, physical, and mental pain are stuffed deep inside because, as a society, we are led to believe that they will go away.” -Joe Hendershott Author, “Reaching the Wounded Student”
23. ACEs: ResponseGood news: Resiliency!Many changes can be reversed if the trauma is interrupted AND the child is nurtured in a safe environment:Provide stable, consistent, predictable relationshipsRecognize trauma-related behaviors in children so your reaction to their behavior does not further traumatize the childHelp kids feel safe, first, then teach skills for self-regulation
24. ACEs: ResponseGood news: Resiliency!Extend empathy, mercy, graceAlternative discipline, like community serviceGive wounded students different avenues to express themselves (music, art, etc.)Build self-esteem, find redeeming qualitiesUnderstand/work on student’s emotional intelligenceSelf care
25. Trauma-Sensitive Schools are ones where:Realizes the impact of adverse childhood experiences on neurobiological development and attachment;Recognize the impact trauma on learning and behavior;Respond by building resilience and avoiding re-traumatization(Perry & Daniels, 2016; SAMSHA, 2015)School Response
26. School ResponseTwo big questions…“What’s wrong with you?”“What happened to you?”Source: Aces Too High
27. School Response…with two schools of thought:“What’s wrong with you?”“What happened to you?”You can point the finger at parents and wait for them to change. Counseling would help, but they’d have to agree to participate. Free or low-cost counseling for people who can’t afford it isn’t a given in these days of social service budgets stripped to the bone. And counseling would take months, if not years to change the family dynamics. In the meantime, the boy continues to suffer and his behavior grows more belligerent.Change the schools to become safe and nurturing, so that kids can learn no matter what’s going on at home…or in their neighborhoods…or in their extended families. The reality is, a school’s traditional response – suspending, expelling or putting a child like Sam into special education classes – further traumatizes already traumatized children. That’s the tried and true road to prison or dropping out of school, and a life damaged for no good reason.Source: Aces Too High
28. School Response
29. The “Handle With Care” program enables police to notify schools if they encounter a child at a traumatic scene, so schools and mental healthcare leaders can provide trauma-sensitive support right away, to help kids succeed.Handle with Care Response
30. Police encounter kids at scene, send heads-up to schools.Schools prep trauma-sensitive support for these kids.Mental health providers partner for on-site therapy.Handle With Care Response
31. School Response“Never worry about numbers. Help one person at a time, and always start with the person nearest you.”-Mother Teresa
32. Learn MoreBlueprint for educators and communities to ensure that children traumatized by exposure to violence succeed in schoolUnderstand the impact of trauma on learning & educate staffCourtesy of Massachusetts Advocates for Children: Trauma Learning Policy Initiative
33. Learn More2 Free 20-Minute Online Training ModulesTrauma-Informed Approach, Part I defines trauma and discusses adverse childhood experiences, or ACEs; the effects or reactions to trauma, and developing a shift from the existing paradigm to a trauma-informed approach.https://uthscsa.edu/learning-modules/teen-health/trauma/course-1/Use the password: UTteenhealthTrauma-Informed Approach, Part II reviews how individuals can respond to traumatized youth, manage disclosures of abuse, and covers mandatory reporting. It also discusses how to refrain from re-traumatization and gives tips for building resiliency.https://uthscsa.edu/learning-modules/teen-health/trauma/course-2/Use the password: UTteenhealthCourtesy of University of Texas Health at San Antonio Teen Health
34. www.salud-america.orgCreating Culturally Relevant Multimedia Research | Supporting Policy, System, & Environmental ChangesInspiring people to drive community change for the health of Latino and all kids.saludamerica@uthscsa.edu