PPT-Purine alkaloids and

Protoalkaloids By Noor Hisham Al Atraqchi MSc pharmacognosy The purines are consisting of a sixmembered pyrimidine ring fused to a fivemembered imidazole ring three wellknown examples are . plants and microbes. Some important classes of . alkaloids. Class . Precursors. Examples . . Piperidine. alkaloids L-lysine (C. 5. N) . Piperine. Pyrrolidine. /. tropane. . alkaloids. . L-. OBJECTIVES:. Nomenclature of nucleic acids: . a. nucleosides*. . b. nucleotides. Structure . and function of . purines and pyrimidines. . Origin . of atoms in the purine . ring and in the pyrimidine ring.. Some important classes of . alkaloids. Class . Precursors. . Examples. . _____________. . Piperidine. alkaloids L-lysine (C. 5. N) . Piperine. Pyrrolidine. /. tropane. . alkaloids. . L-. ornithine. Some important classes of . alkaloids. Class . Precursors. . Examples. . _____________. . Piperidine. alkaloids L-lysine (C. 5. N) . Piperine. Pyrrolidine. /. tropane. . alkaloids. . L-. ornithine. Purine catabolism. Purine degradation. Purine Salvage Pathway. From normal turnover of cellular nucleic acids. Obtained from the diet. Reutilization of adenine, hypoxanthine, and guanine. Two enzymes:. Purines are biologically synthesized as nucleotides and in particular as ribotides, i.e. bases attached to ribose-5-phosphate. . Purines are synthesized by two types of pathways, the de novo pathways and the salvage pathways.. Tahir Ali. Lecturer. RIPS, RIU. Any. Guess. Please . VOMIT. answer of some kind. Definition. Alkaloids. are extremely difficult to define because of two major reasons: . T. heir diverse heterogeneous nature . OBJECTIVES:. Nomenclature of nucleic acids: . a. nucleosides*. . b. nucleotides. Structure . and function of . purines and pyrimidines. . Origin . of atoms in the purine . ring and in the pyrimidine ring.. 5. Quinoline. alkaloids. Alkaloids containing . quinoline. as their basic nucleus include those obtained from cinchona bark (. Cinchona . succirubra. ) ( quinine, . quinidine. , . cinchonine. , and . One of the important specialized pathways of a number of amino acids is the synthesis of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides. . These nucleotides are important for a number of reasons. Most of them, not just ATP, are the sources of energy that drive most of our reactions.. İhsan . ÇALIŞ. References. . R. . Hänsel. &O. . Sticher. , . Pharmakognosie. , . Phytopharmazie. , . Springer. , . Heidelberg. 2007 . J. . Bruneton. , . Pharmacognosy. : . Phytochemistry. - . Alkaloids. Definition:-. Alkaloids are natural compounds display an . expceptionally. wide array of biological activities and have a wide distribution , being present in plants, fungi, bacteria, insects, marine, animal and man.. Aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa. Mariana C. Almeida. 1,2. , . Most cells actively turnover their. N.A.’s. especial RNA’s. This results in . the release . of adenosine, adenine, guanine. and . hypoxanthine. These are recovered. thru . salvage pathways. .