Context of Situation eg Trobriand island natives in order to understand meaning we must know the what why and how Context of Culture Economics Social organization Concepts of time and space ID: 1018628
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1. Chapter 3Meaning as Action
2. Context of Situation:e.g. Trobriand island natives in order to understand meaning, we must know the (‘what’, ‘why’, and ‘how’)Context of Culture:EconomicsSocial organizationConcepts of time and space
3. Structures of expectation:Blueprints for action (e.g. speech acts/ second nature)We interpret signs + expect certain behaviorCultural differences in these expectationse.g. French/ American ‘greetings’Ppl organize background knowledge about the world/ use them to predict interpretation
4. Frames or Schema: The general structures of expectations established in ppl’s minds by the culture they live in.Clip # 14
5. Contextualization cuesWords ppl exchange are linked to situational & cultural context in which they occur.Example ‘I need to get in there, can you open the door?’Verbal + para-verbal + non-verbal = interpretationCalled ‘contextualization cues’
6. Situated inferences:Cues help listener make relevant situated inferences ( the process of arriving to a conclusion/ interpretation through the interaction of cultural background knowledge + social expectations)Clip # 15 (Ladder of inferences/show 1st 5 mn.)
7. Pragmatic CoherenceSemantic Cohesion + shared cultural background = Pragmatic Coherencee.g. Swimming boyLanguage users make efforts to make words uttered meaningful within the social & cultural context of the exchange. (examples see book)
8. Cooperative PrinciplePaul Grice’s four maxims of the co-operative principle in conversation:1- Quality (truth)2- Quantity (economical)3- Relation (relevance)4- Matter (clear/orderly)