Amines are derivatives of ammonia molecules that contain a nitrogen atom bonded to one or more alkyl groups on each molecule Many amines have strong unpleasant odours ex putrescine cadaverine ID: 741913
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1.7 AMINES AND AMIDESSlide2
AMINES
Amines are derivatives of ammonia molecules that contain a nitrogen atom bonded to one or more alkyl groups on each molecule.
Many amines have strong, unpleasant odours.
ex. putrescine
cadaverineSlide3
COMMON AMINESSlide4
NAMING PRIMARY AMINES
Take the “e” off the end of the alkane name and add the suffix “amine.”
ex. CH
3
NH
2 is methanamineAn aromatic compound with NH2 attached to a benzene ring is aniline.Slide5
NAMING SECONDARY AND TERTIARY AMINES
begin with an amine name based on the longest alkyl group
use the locator, N, to indicate the attachment of additional chains to the N atom
ex. N-ethyl-N-propylbutan-1-amine
Slide6
EXAMPLE 1: NAME EACH OF THE FOLLOWING AMINES.
a)
b)Slide7
naming cont’d
c)
d)Slide8
EXAMPLE 2:
Draw each of the following amines with ethyl as the attached alkyl groups. Then name each structure.
a) a primary amineSlide9
b) a secondary amine
c) a tertiary amine
EXAMPLE 2 cont’dSlide10
PROPERTIES OF AMINES
small amines are soluble in water
N-C and N-H bonds are polar
causes more VDW forces and more energy needed to break bonds
higher MP and BP than their corresponding hydrocarbon compounds
primary amines have higher BP’s than secondary bc they can form 2 H bonds.
secondary amines can form 1 H bond and tertiary cannot form anySlide11
AMIDES
Amides are structurally similar to esters except the two chains are joined by a nitrogen atom next to a carbonyl group instead of an oxygen atom.Slide12
NAMING AMIDES
three parts:
the first part from the amine
the second part from the acid
the ending -amideSlide13
EXAMPLE 3: NAME EACH OF THE FOLLOWING AMIDES.
a)
b)Slide14
EXAMPLE 4: Draw the structure of N-ethylpropanamide
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PROPERTIES OF AMIDES
small amides are soluble b/c the N-H groups form H bonds with water
the longer the carbon chain, the less soluble the amideSlide16
PREPARATION OF AMINES
1.
alkyl halide + ammonia ---> primary amine
ex.
iodoethane + ammonia ---> ethanamineSlide17
PREPARATION OF AMINES
2.
alkyl halide + 1 amine ---> 2 amine
ex.
iodoethane + ethanamine ---> N-ethylethanamine
Slide18
PREPARATION OF AMINES
3.
alkyl halide + 2 amine ---> 3 amine
ex.
iodoethane + N-ethylethanamine ---> N,N-diethylethanamine
Slide19
SYNTHESIS OF AMIDES
- involves a condensation reaction of a carboxylic acid and ammonia OR a primary or secondary amine.Slide20Slide21
HOMEWORK:
p. 58 #1, 2
p. 60 #1, 2
p. 62 #1 - 5