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Unit I: Philosophical Origins of Constitutional Government Unit I: Philosophical Origins of Constitutional Government

Unit I: Philosophical Origins of Constitutional Government - PowerPoint Presentation

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Unit I: Philosophical Origins of Constitutional Government - PPT Presentation

AP Government amp Politics Barnett Basis Philosophical Origins I Introduction A Definition of Constitutional Government 1 Basis for running of government 2 Does not need to be written ID: 474448

philosophical sovereign state origins sovereign philosophical origins state social liberty

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Slide1

Unit I: Philosophical Origins of Constitutional Government

AP Government & PoliticsBarnettBasisSlide2

Philosophical Origins

I. Introduction A. Definition of Constitutional Government

1. Basis for running of government

2. Does not need to be written

B. Events that

S

hape Philosophers’ Thoughts

1. Enlightenment – Age of Reason

2. British History v Continental Europe

C. Thesis: The US Constitution is the embodiment of Enlightenment thought as applied to Gov’t & PolSlide3

Philosophical Origins

II. Development of “Liberal Democratic Tradition” A. Define Terms

B. Classical Liberalism

C. What is the “Natural State of Man

”?Slide4

Philosophical Origins

D. Who or What is Sovereign in Society?E. What is the “Social Contract”?

F. What is “Liberty” and what is the role of the State in maintaining “Liberty”?Slide5

Philosophical Origins

D. Who or What is Sovereign in Society?E. What is the “Social Contract”?

F. What is “Liberty” and what is the role of the State in maintaining “Liberty”?Slide6

Philosophical Origins

III. Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679)A. Tutor of children of English Aristocrats

B. What made England the most powerful country?

1. Theocracy

2. The Sovereign State

a. Law & Justice created by the sovereign

b. Social Contract – Sovereign must satisfy the needs of his subjects

3. English Civil War and Cromwellian Period (1642 – 1660) Slide7

Philosophical Origins

C. What is the “Natural State of Man”?1. Seek Pleasure / Avoid Pain

2. All Men Equal / Continuous War in Pursuit of Self Interest

3. Sovereign State Needed to Provide OrderSlide8

Philosophical Origins

4. Sovereign Not Absolute – Sovereign possesses the “Natural State of Man” 5. Three Principal Causes of Chaos

a. Competition

b. Diffidence

c. GlorySlide9

Philosophical Origins

D. How to produce order out of chaos? 1. Social Contract with Sovereign

a. Sovereign sets the Rules within which man pursues his self-interest

b. Men agree to abide by the rules

c. Sovereign agrees to enforce the rules

2.

Liberty

comes from the Social Contract

3. The Result; A Commonwealth