PPT-ACID-BASE BALANCE AND BUFFERING SYSTEMS

By Dr Jamal Ahmed AbdulBarry Professor in Clinical biochemistry Buffering Systems Buffers are aqueous systems that tend to resist changes in pH when small amounts of strong acid H. 1. Mohammed A. Almeziny. . BPharm.RPh. . . Msc. . PhD. Clinical . Pharmacist. The Body and pH. Homeostasis of pH is tightly controlled. Extracellular fluid = 7.4. Blood = 7.35 – 7.45. < 6.8 or > 8.0 death occurs. Titration. Acid–Base Titration. The concentration of a weak acid or a weak base in water is difficult – if not impossible – to measure directly.. But we can calculate the concentration from the results of titration.. of Salts. Acid-Base Properties of Salts. Type of Salt. Examples. Comment. pH of solution. Cation is from a strong base, anion from a strong acid. KCl, KNO. 3. NaCl. NaNO. 3. Both ions are neutral. Neutral. MLAB 2401: Clinical Chemistry. Keri Brophy-Martinez. Terms. Acid. Any substance that can yield a hydrogen ion (H. +. ) or hydronium ion when dissolved in water. Release of proton or H. +. Base. Substance that can yield hydroxyl ions (OH. Basic reference: Keener and . Sneyd. , Mathematical Physiology. So far we concentrated on Na. +. (and K. +. ), as those are the ions that are most important for the control of cell volume and the membrane potential.. Diagnosis of acid base balance in diarrhoeic calves. Implementation in practice Dai Grove-White A historical perspective William O ’ Shaughnessy 1831 “I would expect much benefit from the frequently repeated use of the neutral salts by the mouth dissolved in large quantities of tepid water. In severe cases, in which Learning Objectives. Describe . what is meant by acids, bases and . buffers. List . normal pH of the body fluids. . Describe . the processes involved in maintenance of normal blood pH. .. Describe . various types of acidosis and alkalosis. OR. Regulation of Blood . pH. Dr. Anissa Atif Mirza. Synopsis. Introduction. Sources of Acids and Bases in body. What is Acid Base Balance?. Mechanisms Regulating Blood pH.. Significance of Maintaining Acid Base Balance. For cells to function optimally, . a steady balance . between the acids and the bases . is necessary.. Acid-base balance represents homeostasis of hydrogen (H+) ion . concentration in . body fluids. . Taken from State University of West Georgia Chemistry Dept.. Acid and Base Strengths. Taken from State University of West Georgia Chemistry Dept.. Hydronium Ions. Hydronium Ions. H. 5. O. 2. +. Dissociation of Water. .. Acid-Base Titration. .. المحاضرة الثانية للجزء العملي. . . Acid-Base Titration. . Analytical chemistry. : is the analysis of material samples to understanding of their chemical composition and structure. It has a wide range of monitoring pollution in the environment, development of new materials, and drug manufacture.. Schedule. Intro. Why the pH value of body fluids must be “defended”. Defining pH. Logarithms . (see appendix). Acidosis and alkalosis. Biological Buffers and the Henderson-. Hasselbalch. equation. Velázquez. Research . Biology. What is pH. ?. pH. stands for the potential of Hydrogen. Is the concentration of hydrogen in a given substance.. [ ]. is the symbol for concentration.. In other words pH is . Acid-base balance.  . * Acids are electrolytes that release hydrogen ions (H+) when they are dissolved in water.. * Bases are electrolytes are release hydroxide ions (OH-) when they are dissolved in water..