Difficulty executing smooth coordinated fine movements as a result of loss of afferent somatosensory feedback from the muscles engaged in the motor activity Paresis is a condition typified by a weakness of voluntary movement or partial loss of voluntary movement or by impaired movem ID: 910482
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "09.13. Afferent paresis :" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
09.13.
Slide2Slide3Slide4Slide5Slide6Afferent paresis
:
Difficulty executing smooth, coordinated, fine movements as a result of loss of afferent (somatosensory) feedback from the muscles
engaged in the motor activity
.
Paresis
is a condition typified by a weakness of voluntary movement, or partial loss of voluntary movement or by impaired movement.
Slide7Testing
stereognosis
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6fyiGUAg2GY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=msRft-g-k_s
Seeing by touch
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dF5oTdfyfwc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8x8ysFdtsJ0
Slide8Slide9A tactile analogue of
blindsight
Slide10Anosognosia
(
nosos
, "disease").
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uj6ozlzA45o
Pain
asymbolia
, also called
pain
dissociation, is a condition in which
pain
is experienced without unpleasantness.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n6iOUW523BE
Update: The Little Girl Who Couldn't Feel Pain
| Where Are They Now? | Oprah Winfrey Network
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bRaCFUtpxFU
The man who lost his body (lack of proprioception)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pMEROPOK6v8&t=6s
νόσος nosos, 'disease'
Slide11Researchers discover gene behind 'sixth sense' in humans
https://www.sciencemag.org
› news › 2016/09 ›
researc
...
2016. 9. 21. —
The duo, researchers say, shares an extremely rare
genetic
mutation that may shed light on a so-called “sixth sense” in humans:
proprioception, ...
PIEZO2
gene, which encodes for a mechanosensitive ion channel,
Slide12Ashlyn Blocker with SCN9A (Nav1.7) mutationAn SCN9A
channelopathy causes congenital inability to experience
pain
JJ Cox, F Reimann, AK Nicholas, G Thornton… - Nature, 2006 - nature.com
Pain perception is altered by a nucleotide polymorphism in SCN9A
F Reimann, JJ Cox, I
Belfer
… - Proceedings of the …, 2010 - National
Acad Sciences
Slide13Balint’s
syndrome
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TVZmLtrOvTc
Balint’s
syndrome patient
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4odhSq46vtU
4. Ocular apraxia; the absence of, or a defect in, the control of voluntary purposeful
eye
movement.
Difference between
simultagnosia
and simultaneous extinction?
Slide14Balint’s syndromeSimultaneous agnosia: Inability to see a complex scene or inability of an individual to perceive more than a single object at a time.
Optical ataxia
: Dysfunctions of visual connections to the motor cortex.
Ocular apraxia
: Difficulty with the initiation of voluntary eye movement
Slide15Modified NIHSS – Neglect Scoring
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UKAOP85B14E
Neglect patient
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ADchGO-0kGo
Why happening?
Sensation and perception (
amorphosynthesis
)
Attention and orientation (arousal to stimuli)
Why more common in right hemisphere damage?
Not compensated by left hemisphere, whereas right visual field is supported by both hemisphere?
Slide16Slide17Slide18Gerstmann
Syndrome – patient
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GLJdcmSIoNQ
Perhaps all the symptoms of left parietal lobe damages involve confusion of left and right to some extent; too speculative?
Sequence?
Slide19Slide20Apraxia
(from
Greek
praxis
, an act, work, or deed) is the inability to execute learned purposeful movements, despite having the desire and the physical capacity to perform the movements.
Slide21Apraxia - Patients
Simple purposeful movements:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vTFdNk7JIoo
Verbal apraxia:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XNB0ihI2srQ
Distinction between Aphasia and verbal apraxia: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kaVLy_5WhTM&t=490s
Slide22Aphasia vs Apraxiahttps://www.stroke.org/en/about-stroke/effects-of-stroke/cognitive-and-communication-effects-of-stroke/aphasia-vs-apraxia
Aphasia
is impairment in the ability to use or comprehend words.
It may cause difficulty:
Understanding words.Finding the word to express a thought.Understanding grammatical sentences.Reading or writing words or sentences.
i.e.
Wernek’e
aphasia and
Broca’s aphasiaApraxia
Apraxia of speech (verbal apraxia) is difficulty initiating and executing voluntary movement patterns necessary to produce speech when there is no paralysis or weakness of speech muscles.It may cause difficulty:Producing the desired speech sound.Using the correct rhythm and rate of speaking.
Alexia and Dyslexia; the writer who could not read
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KERQv9FIxkw
Slide23How are alexia and agraphia related to aphasia?In most cases, alexia and agraphia are associated with aphasia, but the dissociation is possible.
Cases without aphasia are divided in alexia without agraphia (pure alexia), that has been associated with left occipital damage
and alexia with agraphia, with lesions involving the left angular gyrus.
Slide24Slide25Slide26Topographical Disorientation/ agnosia
and
Topographagnosia
: inability to orient oneself in one's surroundings or an acquired inability to navigate the environment, routes or paths in daily life [
길치
]
Weigl
Color-Form soring test
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0L7xzcvJzZc
Seems to involve left-right choice
Cube counting
Paper
cutting
Slide27Slide28Cross-modal matchingA scaling method used in psychophysics in which an observer matches the apparent intensities of stimuli across two sensory modalities, as when an observer adjusts the brightness of a light to indicate the loudness of a variable stimulus sound. Some authorities consider magnitude estimation and magnitude production to be forms of cross-modal matching in which one modality is the observer's perception of the number system. Also called cross-modality matching.
Slide29What are some body image disorders?
Normal Appearance Concern. Body image falls on a continuum from healthy body perceptions to unhealthy body perceptions. ...
Dysmorphic Concern. ...
Disordered Eating. ...
Anorexia Nervosa (AN) ...
Bulimia Nervosa (BN) ...
Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) ...
Muscle Dysmorphia (MD) ...
Binge Eating Disorder (BED)
What is a body image disturbance?Body image disturbance is defined as a distortion of perception, behavior, or cognition related to weight or shape [1], and it is becoming a common clinical disorder [2–7].
Slide30