PPT-Bacterial chromosome

16S rRNA gene Primers 16S rRNA gene segments PCR Sequencing Sample with bacteria Bacterial chromosome 16S rRNA gene Primers 16S rRNA gene segments PCR Amplified segments. CLS 212: Medical Microbiology. Miss . Zeina. . Alkudmani. Prokaryotes. Prokaryotic cells possess simpler structures than eukaryotic cells. . , since they . do not have a nucleus or other . cytoplasmic. The bacterial chromosome is a double-stranded, circular DNA molecule associated with a small amount of protein. Eukaryotic chromosomes have linear DNA molecules associated with a large amount of protein. SUBMITTED BY:. ALABADO, SHEENA ANN C.. LUISTRO, JANELLE. What is a chromosome?. A chromosome is…. A very long DNA molecule and associated proteins that carries portions of the hereditary information of an organism.. microscopic single celled organisms. collective biomass – . 10x of all eukaryotes!!!!!. vast genetic diversity among members. physical diversity. shapes: . spheres (. coccus. ), rods (bacilli) and spirals. 3.2.1. . Bacterial Chromosomes (prokaryotes). Most only have 1 chromosome.. Which means, it only contains a single copy of each gene (except during cell division when chromosomes are replicated).. Has circular DNA that contains all genes needed for basic life processes of the cell.. Chromatin – the less tightly coiled DNA-protein complex. Centromere – the region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis.. SEX CHROMOSOMES & AUTOSOMES. Sex chromosomes are chromosomes that determine the sex of an organism, and they may also carry genes for other characteristics. . ASSISTANT PROFESSOR. ,. DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY,. S.M. JOSHI COLLEGE, HADAPSAR, PUNE.. Mostly single, circular DNA molecule/chromosome. Single copy of most genes. No dominant or recessive. Expressed or not. What is a Chromosome?. A chromosome is a special structure made up of DNA and proteins. DNA is what make us all unique.. The proteins are called histones. They act as spools so the DNA can wrap around it, which is why chromosomes have a peculiar X shape.. Lec.No.2 Dr. . Oruba. Cellular Organelles: .  . 1- . Ribosomes. ; . These are 18 nm. particles, which are scattered in thousands of them in the cytoplasm. Each particle (unit) is of 70S type, which consists of two subunits; large one of 50S, and a small one of 30S. The concentration of Mg.  (. BAC. ) is a . DNA construct. , based on a functional fertility . plasmid.  (or . F-plasmid. ), used for . transforming.  and . cloning.  in . bacteria. , usually . E. . coli. .. F-plasmids . I. Remind ourselves with the Structure And the Functions Of The Genetic Material. Nucleic acids structure . There are two major classes:. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) . : The most common macromolecule that encodes genetic information. Euploid. Have the . normal. chromosome number. Polyploid. A cell with . extra sets. of chromosomes. Ex: triploid (3n). Aneuploid. Cells missing a single chromosome or having an extra chromosome. Alterations in Chromosome Number. Miss . Zeina. . Alkudmani. Prokaryotes. Prokaryotic cells possess simpler structures than eukaryotic cells. . , since they . do not have a nucleus or other . cytoplasmic. organelles.. There are two major types of prokaryotes:. Gene Linkage. Where two or more genes occurs on the same chromosome. Located in close association with one another. Tend to be inherited together. Generally do not follow Mendel's law of independent assortment.