Michelle Casey What does it mean to be genderless According to Mirriam Webster not reflective of the experiences prejudices or orientations of one sex over the other Not being confined to gender stereotypes of any culture ID: 293995
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Slide1
Raising genderless children vs. critical stages in child development
Michelle CaseySlide2
What does it mean to be genderless?
According to Mirriam-Webster: “not reflective of the experiences, prejudices, or orientations of one sex over the other”
Not being confined to gender stereotypes of any cultureSlide3
Advantages of Raising Genderless Children
They are free to choose any gender identityThey are not constricted to specific gender stereotypesTheir parents are supportive of whatever profession they may chooseSlide4
Criticisms of Raising Genderless Children
The practice is very unusual at this timeBaby Storm- boy or girl? http://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=4olXHq5Xe78“children learn what is between their legs and what it’s called and the results of that by age two or three.” –Jo Paoletti, Univ. of MarylandThe implication is that children will be raised without any cultural input- impossibleSlide5
Many people are opposed to this idea
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HBSgni6m1PISlide6
Based on this side of the argument, what do YOU think?
Is raising children completely genderless freeing them from social stereotypes?Is it cruelty to be setting them up as “experiment children”?Is it a little of both?Slide7
Now we’ll take a look at how gender develops according to two psychological theories.Slide8
Stages of Development- Freud
Oral stage: Birth-12 months -Erotic stimulation focused on the mouth
-Oral fixation: excessive optimism, passivity, over-dependent, develop oral habitsAnal stage: 1-3 years -Toilet training -Anal retentive or anal expulsivePhallic Stage: 3-5 years
-Erotic focus on genitals
-Fantasize about opposite-sex parent
-Discover their gender
Latency Stage: 5-Puberty
-Less sexually focused, period of relaxation
Genital Stage: Puberty-Adulthood -Focus on sexuality, gender identity, happiness of sexual partnerSlide9
Focus on the Phallic Stage
Oedipus Complex -Boys discover they have a penis
-Notice girls do not have penises- believe they were castrated -Due to love of mother they hate father -Due to fear of castration strive to become like fatherElectra Conflict -Girls discover they do not have a penis- develop penis envy
-Believe their genitalia is inferior to males’- controversial
-Believe they have been castrated- blame mother for the castration
-Move trust over to father
*Freud’s psychoanalytic theory is very biologically based.Slide10
Kohlberg’s Theory of Child Gender Development
Three Stages:
-Three to four years: a. Begin gender labeling b. Do not understand gender permanence c. Hard time grasping different body shapes but similar minds -Five years:
a. Start to grasp gender permanence
b. Still believe they can change gender physically
-Six to seven years:
a. Understand gender permanence
b. Play with gender-specific toys c. Play with their own gender d. Start noticing male and females rolesSlide11
Now what do you think?Slide12
Now let’s take a look at gender roles across cultures today.Slide13
Sweden: Each working parent has sixteen months paid leave per child. Women and men
are are seen as equally critical in a child’s life and in the workforce.Slide14
Chile: 62% of Chileans feel that gender equality is wrong. Women should focus on the home and the family. Until recently, women were required by law to obey their husbands.Slide15
Japan: both men and women are generally equally educated, but women have added pressure to find a husband.Slide16
Afghanistan: Men are expected to work. They should rarely be at home during the day. Women are expected to tend to the home and any farmland/livestock they may have.Slide17
As you can see, gender roles are prevalent in nearly every culture today. According to Freud and Kohlberg, children discover gender stereotypes within their first few years of life. Therefore, is raising a generation of “genderless” children
worth doing?Slide18
Works Cited
"Afghanistan." Countries and Their Cultures. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Feb. 2014. <http://www.everyculture.com/A-Bo/Afghanistan.html>.
Cloninger, Susan. Theories of Personality. Sixth ed. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson, 2013. N. pag. Print.McGrath, Patrick. "What are the pros and cons of raising a gender-less child?." Ask Dr
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