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RF Propagation Analysis of RF Propagation Analysis of

RF Propagation Analysis of - PowerPoint Presentation

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RF Propagation Analysis of - PPT Presentation

MICAz Motes Antenna with Ground Effect Syed Hassan Ahmed Safdar H Bouk Nadeem Javaid and Iwao Sasase IMNIC12 RIU Islamabad Agenda Wireless Sensor Networks Crossbow ID: 491816

hassan islamabad syed ahmed islamabad hassan ahmed syed dept sensor engineering computer ciit rssi micaz antenna effect node aut

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Slide1

RF Propagation Analysis of MICAz Mote’s Antenna with Ground Effect

Syed Hassan Ahmed, Safdar H. Bouk, Nadeem Javaid, and Iwao SasaseIMNIC’12, RIU Islamabad.Slide2

AgendaWireless

Sensor NetworksCrossbow MicaZ MotesSensor less Sensor Network

Why SL-WSN

?

Previous ApproachesOur Proposed Experimental SetupExperimental ResultsConclusion and Future Work

Syed Hassan Ahmed. MS Computer Engineering, EE Dept, CIIT Islamabad.

2Slide3

Wireless Sensor Networks

A network that consists of sensor nodes (called “motes”) and base station(s) (gateway/sink node(s)).Sensing module is either attached with the sensor node built-in in the sensor node that senses the environment.Motes sense environmental parameters (e.g. light, temperature, motion, humidity, noise etc.) and forward readings to the sink node. Sink node aggregates readings.3

Fig : 01 WSN

Syed Hassan

Ahmed. MS Computer Engineering, EE

Dept

, CIIT

Islamabad.Slide4

Crossbow MicaZ Motes

IEEE 802.15.4 compliant RF transceiver 2.4 to 2.48 GHz, a globally compatible ISM band Direct sequence spread spectrum radio which is resistant to RF interference and provides inherent 250 kbps data rateSupported by Mote Works™ wirelesssensor network platform for reliable, ad-hoc mesh networkingPlug and play with Crossbow’s sensor boards.

4

Fig 02 : Sensor Architecture

Syed Hassan

Ahmed. MS Computer Engineering, EE

Dept

, CIIT

Islamabad.Slide5

Sensor less Sensor Network5Syed Hassan Ahmed. MS Computer Engineering, EE Dept

, CIIT Islamabad.?Slide6

Sensor less Sensor Network6

Sensor node with sensing module.

MDA 100 sensing board with temperature sensor. (It has expansion slots available to connect custom sensors)

It is known as appropriate sensor node.

Sensor node without sensing module.(SL-WSN)

Communication through RF chip.RSSI values to be noticed during Experiment.

Syed Hassan Ahmed. MS Computer Engineering, EE

Dept

, CIIT Islamabad.Slide7

What is RSSI ?? In an IEEE 802.11 system RSSI is the relative received signal strength in a wireless environment. RSSI is an indication of the power level being received by the antenna. Therefore, the higher the RSSI number (or less negative in some devices), the stronger the signal.RSSI values will be focused in coming real time scenarios.

Syed Hassan Ahmed. MS Computer Engineering, EE Dept, CIIT Islamabad.7Slide8

Objective and Motivation:Object Detection

Tracking & Locating Cost effectivenessLow Power ConsumptionNo Power needed for:

Pre-ADC data processing

Post-ADC data processing

New Research Area

New and efficient methods are needed to effectively detect, locate and track objects.

Syed Hassan Ahmed. MS Computer Engineering, EE

Dept

, CIIT Islamabad.

8

Why SL-WSN?Slide9

Previous ApproachesPrevious research has shown that RSSI is not a good measure of distance, however they fail to analyze the effect of Antenna orientation on RSSI.In past research, Sensor nodes were deployed at above the ground level. However, the RSSI Values are very strong above the ground level compared to the sensors deployed at the ground level.Antenna orientation is not the main focus in past research.

9Syed Hassan Ahmed. MS Computer Engineering, EE Dept, CIIT Islamabad.Slide10

Proposed ExperimentMeasurement of RSSI ( Receive Signal Strength Indicator)Sensing different objects by monitoring RSSI.Antenna Orientation Distance between base station and sensor

MicaZ RSSI Evaluation in Lab Environment.10Syed Hassan Ahmed. MS Computer Engineering, EE Dept, CIIT Islamabad.Slide11

MicaZ Mote ConfigurationSyed Hassan Ahmed. MS Computer Engineering, EE Dept, CIIT Islamabad.11

=0°

=45°

=90°

Z

Azimuth

X

Y

AUT’s

Z-axis during experimental analysis.Slide12

Syed Hassan Ahmed. MS Computer Engineering, EE Dept, CIIT Islamabad.12

X

Y

Z

=0

°

=0

°

X

Y

Z

=0

°

=0

°

=45

°

=90

°

3m

5m

7m

X

Y

Z

=0

°

=0

°

X

Y

Z

=0

°

=0

°

=45

°

=90

°

3m

5m

7m

(a) Both

MICAz

motes with AUT and MA are placed on the ground.

(

b

)

MICAz

mote with MA is placed on the ground and AUT

MICAz

mote is placed on the stool.

AUT

MA

AUT

MA

Experimental Scenario

Ι

and

ΙΙSlide13

Radiation Patterns during Transmission of Mica Z Syed Hassan Ahmed. MS Computer Engineering, EE Dept, CIIT Islamabad.13

RF radiation pattern of MICAz with AUT in Scenario-I at 3m apart RF radiation pattern of MICAz with AUT in Scenario-II at 3m apart Slide14

Syed Hassan Ahmed. MS Computer Engineering, EE Dept, CIIT Islamabad.14

RF radiation pattern of MICAz with AUT in Scenario-I at 5m apart RF radiation pattern of MICAz with AUT in Scenario-II at 5m apart Radiation Patterns during Transmission of Mica Z Slide15

Syed Hassan Ahmed. MS Computer Engineering, EE Dept, CIIT Islamabad.15

RF radiation pattern of MICAz with AUT in Scenario-I at 7m apart RF radiation pattern of MICAz with AUT in Scenario-II at 7m apartRadiation Patterns during Transmission of Mica Z Slide16

16Slide17

Major effect at in RSSI and it’s standard deviation 90° and 270°.

 

Effect of Distance and Antenna Orientation on RSSI:

Without any Movement

17

Syed Hassan Ahmed. MS Computer Engineering, EE

Dept

, CIIT Islamabad.Slide18

Conclusion and Future WorkWe observed that:Antenna orientation with ground effect has great impact on RSSI.RF antenna propagation of MICAz mote is an important factor in planning the sensor network deployment and optimized WSNs area coverage solutions.

Future Work:Object movement / Event detection using statistical approach(es) [e.g. Time Series Analysis]:Moving AveragesChanges in AveragesVariations in continuous variance etc.Adaptive & Efficient Computation and reduction of False Alarms.18Syed Hassan Ahmed. MS Computer Engineering, EE

Dept

, CIIT Islamabad.Slide19

ThanksQ & A Syed Hassan Ahmed. MS Computer Engineering, EE Dept, CIIT Islamabad.19Slide20

Sensing Board It includes the actual sensors which collects the readings from physical environment and passes to sensor node attached to it.

MTS300MDA 100

MDA 100 with

MICAz

node- Light, Temperature - Microphone, Sounder - Tone Detection Circuit

- Compatible with MICA, MICA2 and MICAz - Precision thermistor, light sensor/photocell

- Prototyping area supports connection to all 51 pins on expansion connector

- 42 unconnected solder points for

breadboarding

.

Syed Hassan Ahmed. MS Computer Engineering, EE Dept, CIIT Islamabad.

20Slide21

MIB ( Mote Interface Board)It is used for programming the sensor nodes and also work as a gateway or based station(sink node).

Syed Hassan Ahmed. MS Computer Engineering, EE Dept, CIIT Islamabad.21Slide22

Outcomes………. We found that antenna orientation has drastic effect on RSSI.Fast moving objects can also have effect on RSSI.The results show that antenna orientation must be considered seriously when sensor network is deployed in the real world scenario.Object / Activity detection has different effect on different antenna orientation.Syed Hassan Ahmed. MS Computer Engineering, EE Dept, CIIT Islamabad.

22Slide23

Effect of Car on RSSI: Conclusionwe experimentally analyzed the effect of fast moving vehicle on the RSSI in presence of the ground effect and antenna orientation in elevation direction. It has been observed that the slow speed causes high deviation in RSSI compared to the faster speed. Some irregularities in the RSSI fluctuations are also observed when antenna is elevated at 45 and 90

. Syed Hassan Ahmed. MS Computer Engineering, EE Dept, CIIT Islamabad.23Slide24

RF Chip (cc2420)True single-chip 2.4 GHzIEEE 802.15.4 compliant RF transceiver designed for low power and low voltage wireless applications. CC2420

includes a digital direct sequence spread spectrum.Baseband modem providing a spreading gain of 9dB and an effective data rate of 250 kbps.24

Syed Hassan Ahmed. MS Computer Engineering, EE Dept, CIIT Islamabad.