Learning Objectives Identify the different types of sharps Identify risks posed by needles and other sharps Recall safe practices for needles and other sharps Recognize sharps that have engineered sharps injury protection ID: 400306
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Slide1
SHARPS INJURY PREVENTIONSlide2
Learning Objectives
Identify the different types of sharps.
Identify risks posed by needles and other sharps.
Recall safe practices for needles and other sharps.
Recognize sharps that have engineered sharps injury protection.
Know what Personal Protective Equipment includes.
Know how to report an exposure incident.Slide3
Sharps - Definition
Definition: any needles, syringes with needles, scalpels, blades, broken ampules or other articles that could cause wounds or punctures to personnel handling them.
Must be discarded into special containers without risk to disposal personnel.Slide4
Risks Posed by Sharps
Transmission of blood borne pathogens to someone injured by the sharp.Between 600,000 and 800,000 sharp injuries occur among healthcare workers annually according to OSHA.Slide5
Blood Borne Pathogen Transmission
Sharps injuries can be associated with occupational transmission of more than 20 blood borne pathogens:
Most common pathogens:
Hepatitis B (HBV)
Hepatitis C (HCV)
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Sharps injuries can lead to serious or fatal infections. Slide6
About ½ of sharp injuries go unreported.A culture of safety should be promoted by:
Reporting injuries and hazards.Supporting involvement of staff in selection of sharps injury prevention devices.
Providing education and training on sharps injury prevention.
Culture of SafetySlide7
Hypodermic needlesBlood collection needles
Suture needlesNeedles used in IV delivery systemsGlass capillary tubes
Used disposable razors
Sharps that Frequently Cause InjurySlide8
Physicians
NursesLab techniciansPhlebotomistsMid-level providers
Housekeepers
Laundry personnel
And others
Who is at Risk?Slide9
Drawing bloodIM injections
IV accessSuturingHandling laundryCollecting filled sharps containers
And more
Procedures Linked to InjuriesSlide10
Occupational Exposure to bloodborne pathogens (29 CFR §1910.1030)
Revised in January 2001Covers all occupational exposure to blood and other potentially infectious materialAvailable at www.osha.gov
OSHA
RequirementsSlide11
Healthcare facilities must:
Develop and periodically review an exposure control plan.Offer safer medical devices to reduce or eliminate exposure incidents.
Seek employee input in selection of safer medical devices and implementation of work practice controls.
Offer the Hep B vaccine to workers.
OSHA
Bloodborne
Pathogen
StandardSlide12
OSHA requires healthcare providers to:
Identify jobs and tasks in which occupational exposure to blood or other potentially infectious material occurs.Consider and implement safer medical devices.
Seek input from healthcare workers in identification, evaluation and selection of safer medical devices and work practice controls.
Update plan annually.
Exposure
Control PlanSlide13
Follow standard precautions.Use engineering and work practice controls.
Wear personal protective equipment.Avoid recapping, bending or breaking of needles and sharps.
Methods to Reduce ExposureSlide14
CDC recommends standard precautions:
Assume all blood and body fluids are infectious.Every patient is treated as potentially infected with a bloodborne pathogen.
All healthcare workers must use standard precautions whenever there is a chance of exposure to blood or other potentially infectious material.
Workers must use hand hygiene!
Standard
PrecautionsSlide15
Avoid recapping, bending or breaking needles and sharps.
Use a one hand technique if medical procedure requires recapping.Place used sharps immediately into puncture-resistant containers.
Carry sealed specimen containers in an outer container.
Avoid touching contaminated broken
g
lass
with bare hands.
Safe
PracticesSlide16
A protective device that can be used to protect healthcare workers from accidental needlesticks and other sharp injuries.
Generally take the same form and are used for the same application as their traditional non-safety counterparts, EXCEPT:
Protective devices are designed to prevent personnel from coming into contact with an exposed needle or other sharp.
Safe Medical DeviceSlide17
Needleless systems, such as needleless IV line connectors;
Sharps with engineered sharps injury protection, such as self-sheathing needles on syringes.
Two Types of Safer Medical Devices Slide18
NOW
YOU SEE IT.
NOW
YOU DON’T.Slide19
Device that does not use a needle for
Collection of body fluidsAdministration of medication/fluids; orAny other procedure with potential percutaneous exposure to a contaminated sharp.
Needleless SystemsSlide20
Needleless SystemSlide21
Non-needle sharps or needle devices with built-in safety features or mechanisms that reduce the risk of exposure incidents.
Uses:Withdrawing body fluidsAccessing a vein or artery
Administering medications or other fluids
Engineered Sharps Injury ProtectionSlide22
Example of Hypodermic Syringe with Retractable technologySlide23
Example of Phlebotomy Needle with S
elf-blunting FeatureSlide24
Needleguard Safety FeatureSlide25
PPE
Equipment worn to minimize exposure to infectious materials or chemicals.Required by the Bloodborne Pathogens Standard if exposure to blood and other
potentially infectious materials is anticipated.
pps
://
www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/hospital/hazards/ppe/ppe.html
Personal Protective EquipmentSlide26
Know where protective wear is stored
Gloves, gowns, mask, face protector, etc.
Protective ClothingSlide27
Used to collect bloodBreak when inserted into putty
Break during centrifugationReplace with non-glass material orWrap in puncture-resistant film or
Look at products that can measure Hematocrit without a centrifuge.
Risks of Glass Capillary TubesSlide28
All contaminated sharps must be discarded in a sharps container – OSHA requirement
Place sharps in container immediately after use. Place containers in patient rooms.
Do not overfill container.
Follow your practice’s procedures for
disposal of sharps and container.
Sharp Disposal ContainersSlide29
An exposure incident has occurred if
Blood or other potentially infectious material (not your own) has come into direct contact with your eyes, mouth, mucous membranes or open wounds; orYou have punctured your skin with a contaminated sharp object.
Exposure IncidentSlide30
Report all exposuresComplete necessary paperwork to help document exposure.
Employer will provide a medical evaluation, counseling, treatments, information, etc. as needed for you.
Exposure IncidentSlide31
Hepatitis vaccine is recommended if you have not been vaccinated.
Post-exposure prophylaxis should be started if clinically indicated. E.g.. HIV should be started within hours after exposure.
Post-exposureSlide32
Use devices with safety features. Know how to use them.
Never recap needles.Always dispose of used and contaminated sharps immediately in the proper container.Be aware of hazards of non-needle sharps:
Broken glass, scalpels, blades, etc.
Report all sharp related injuries.
SUMMARY Slide33Slide34
OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens
Fact Sheet:https://www.osha.gov/OshDoc/data_BloodborneFacts/bbfact01.pdfA:
CDC:
https://
www.osha.gov/OshDoc/data_BloodborneFacts/bbfact01.pdf
http://
www.cdc.gov/sharpssafety/pdf/sharpssafety_poster3.pdf
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