to Second and Thirdhand smoke NJ Department of Health and Senior Services Office of Tobacco Control TobaccoFree for a Healthy New Jersey TFHNJ is the Office of Tobacco Controls statewide tobacco control effort TFHNJs ID: 256501
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "The Health Risks Associated with Tobacco..." is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
The Health Risks Associated with Tobacco Use and Exposureto Second and Thirdhand smoke
NJ Department of Health and Senior Services, Office of Tobacco ControlSlide2
"Tobacco-Free for a Healthy New Jersey"
(TFHNJ) is the Office of Tobacco Control’s statewide tobacco control effort. TFHNJ's
membership is comprised of community-based
organizations with varied areas of expertise in tobacco control, prevention and cessation. TFHNJ partners seek policy and social change regarding tobacco exposure, use and prevention. Slide3
Tobacco Free for a Healthy New Jersey Partners:Global Advisors on Smokefree Policy
American Cancer Society
Mom’s Quit Connection
Atlantic Prevention ResourcesUMDNJ Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolCenter for Prevention and CounselingVineland City Health DepartmentSlide4
Tobacco use is the leading preventable cause of death.In the US, tobacco use is responsible for about 1 in 5 deaths annually (about 443,000 deaths per year).
Nearly 1,200 people die every day
Half of all smokers die from smoking
Smoking accounts for 30% of all cancer deaths and 87% of all lung cancer deaths.http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/sgr/2010/index.htmhttp://www.tobaccofreekids.org/facts_issues/toll_us/American Cancer SocietySlide5
NJ Statistics398,000 kids are exposed to secondhand smoke in the home in NJ.11,200 Adults die each year from their own smoking in NJ.
168,000 kids now under 18 and alive in NJ who will ultimately die prematurely from smoking.14.4% of adults in New Jersey identified themselves as current cigarette smokers
Campaign for Tobacco Free KidsSlide6
New Jersey Smoking Prevalence by Region of Residence
NJBRFSS, 2008Slide7
Tobacco Facts
Tobacco is #1 preventable cause of death.
Tobacco kills more people than all of these causes of death combined:
Car crashesAIDSSuicideHomicideIllicit Drug useAlcoholAmerican Cancer SocietySlide8
Cigarette smoke contains more than 7,000 chemicals and compounds. Hundreds are toxic and at least 69 cause cancer.
Acetone (nail polish remover)
Butane (lighter fluid)
Cadmium (rechargeable batteries) Toluene (industrial solvent)Methanol (rocket fuel)Formaldehyde (tissue preservative)Nicotine and DDT (insecticides)Ammonia (toilet bowl cleaner)Naphthalene (mothballs)Hydrogen Cyanide (gas chamber poison)
Carbon Monoxide
(car exhaust)
Methane
(swamp gas)
Each cigarette contains 2mg of nicotine
.
Chemicals in Cigarette Smoke
American Cancer SocietySlide9
Tobacco use Leads to Disease and DisabilitySmoking causes cancer, heart disease, stroke, and lung diseases (including emphysema, bronchitis, and chronic airway obstruction).
For every person who dies from a smoking-related disease, 20 more people suffer with at least one serious illness from smoking.
http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/sgr/2010/index.htmSlide10
Smoking & HypertensionHypertension is a serious condition that can lead to heart disease, heart failure, stroke, kidney failure, and other health problems. Smoking and hypertension may change the flow properties of the blood and the behavior of the arterial wall and this may explain the arterial damage observed in cigarette smokers and hypertensive patients.
Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
, American
Heart Assoc. 1987National Heart Lung and Blood Institute 2011Slide11
Heart Disease Only 29% of current smokers believe they have a higher than average risk of heart attack.A person’s risk of heart attack greatly increases with the number of cigarettes he or she smokes and the longer a person smokes, the greater their risk of a heart attack.
Ayanian
& Cleary, JAMA 218:1019Slide12
How Does Smoking Increase Heart Disease Risk?The nicotine present in tobacco products causes:A decrease in oxygen to the heart.An increase in blood pressure and heart rate.
An increase in blood clotting.Damage to cells that line coronary arteries and other blood vessels.Slide13
Smoking & Atherosclerosis
How Does
Smoking Affect the Heart and Blood Vessels: National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute March 2010.Slide14
Smoking & CancerLung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among both men and women in the U.S. and 90% of lung cancer deaths among women are due to smoking.As the proportion of filtered cigarette users has increased, the specific type of lung cancer has evolved likely influenced by deep inhalation.
UMDNJ-Tobacco Dependence Program
2010
National Cancer Institute 2011Slide15
Average Relative Risk of Cancer in Smokers15-30x risk of lung cancer10x risk of laryngeal cancer4-5x risk of oral cancer 3x risk of urinary tract cancer
2-4x risk of pancreatic cancer2x risk of other cancers (stomach, liver, cervix)
UMDNJ Tobacco Dependence Program 2010.Slide16
Smoking 16 to 25 cigarettes a day increases the risk for Type 2 diabetes to three times that of a non-smoker. The more risk factors a person has, the greater the chances are of developing diabetes.Smoking increases complications for those who have diabetes
RetinopathyHeart DiseaseStrokeVascular disease
Nerve damage
Kidney diseaseThe Cleveland Clinic Foundation 2008Diabetes and SmokingSlide17
Damage from Tobacco Smoke is ImmediateThe chemicals in tobacco smoke reach your lungs quickly every time you inhale. Your blood then carries the toxicants to every organ in your body.
The chemicals and toxicants in tobacco smoke damage DNA, which can lead to cancer.
Exposure to tobacco smoke quickly damages blood vessels throughout the body and makes blood more likely to clot. This damage can cause heart attacks, strokes, and even sudden death.
Office of the Surgeon General 2010Slide18
Damage from Tobacco Smoke is ImmediateThe chemicals in tobacco smoke inflame the delicate lining of the lungs and can cause permanent damage that reduces the ability of the lungs to exchange air efficiently and leads to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
Office of the Surgeon General 2010Slide19
Smoking Risks in PregnancyWomen who smoke prior to pregnancy…
are about twice as likely to experience a delay in conception and have approximately 30% higher odds of being infertile.have about 30% higher odds of delivering prematurely.
CDC
Preventing Smoking and Exposure to Secondhand Smoke Before, During, and After Pregnancy, July 2007Slide20
Smoking Risks in PregnancyInfants who are born to women who smoke during pregnancy…
weigh an average of 200 gram less than infants born to women who do not smoke.are 1.4 to 3.0 times more likely to die of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS).
CDC
Preventing Smoking and Exposure to Secondhand Smoke Before, During, and After Pregnancy, July 2007Slide21
The Hazards of Secondhand SmokeIn the United States, secondhand smoke exposure causes an estimated 49,000 deaths annually. (CDC, 2010)Secondhand smoke is the combination of smoke from the burning end of the cigarette and the smoke breathed out by smokers.
Secondhand smoke contains about 70 cancer-causing chemicals.There is no safe amount of secondhand smoke.Slide22Slide23
Health Consequences of Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS)
Lung CancerNasal Sinus Cancer
Heart Disease
StrokeCoughingReduced Lung FunctionEmphysemaAsthmaIrritation of eye, nose, throat and lungsChronic BronchitisReproductive effects in womenHigher rate of SIDSAmerican Cancer SocietySurgeon General’s Report 2006 Slide24
Secondhand SmokeCauses deadly diseases such as heart disease and lung cancer in nonsmokers.
Causes hundreds of thousands of children respiratory infections.168,000 children in NJ will die prematurely from tobacco related diseaseEven brief secondhand smoke exposure can damage cells in ways that set the cancer
process in motion.
As with active smoking, the longer the duration and the higher the level of exposure to secondhand smoke, the greater the risk of developing lung cancer.Surgeon General’s Report 2010Slide25
Third-hand SmokeThirdhand smoke refers to the toxins from cigarette smoke that stick to soft surfaces.Through thirdhand smoke, people can be exposed to the same toxins found in tobacco smoke. Low levels of toxins can build up to dangerous levels in the body. This can cause learning problems for children.
Thirdhand smoke can stay on unwashed surfaces for days, weeks, even months.
http://www.cbc..ca/health/story/2009/01/06/smoking-third.htmlSlide26
How Nicotine Affects the Brain and Emotions
Regulates mood May control anger and anxiety
Can act as a stimulant or relax a person depending on situation
May provide a sense of controlAmerican Cancer SocietySlide27
Why do smokers still smoke?ADDICTION IS POWERFUL
Three components of addiction: Physical – A physical craving for tobacco and withdrawal symptoms may be present in the absence of the drug
Habit
– The use is ritualistic and done without thoughtPsychological – The belief that the user cannot function without the habitSlide28
Faced with change, most people are not ready to act. Change is a process, not a single step.Typically, it takes multiple attempts.
HOW CAN I LIVE WITHOUT TOBACCO
?
The (DIFFICULT) Decision
to QuitSlide29
Treatment: A Collaborative EffortCollaborative efforts among all agencies involved in the lives of smokers is necessary for change to occur.
Know cessation resources: NJ Quitline
Mom’s Quit Connection
Know your local and state resources.Join an IMAC to help your community decrease exposure to second and thirdhand smoke. Seek training on how to offer advise to smokers about quitting. Slide30
Courtesy of Mell Lazarus and Creators Syndicate. Copyright 2000, Mell Lazarus.Slide31
Resourceswww.snjpc.orgwww.njgasp.org
www.cancer.orgwww.njquitline.org
www.nj.quitnet.com
http://www.cdc.gov/tobaccoMom’s Quit Connection 1-888-545-5191New Jersey Quitline 1-866-NJ-STOPS