PACE Magazine, - PowerPoint Presentation

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PACE Magazine, Period 3Slide2

Color and Smell

As I was researching this question, I learned a lot about how easily your eyes can deceive your brain. We had our subjects smell three different colors of gelatin, and they almost always verified the smell to be a scent that coordinated with the color of gelatin, as my graph shows.

The purpose of my experiment was to see if the color of gelatin affects how you perceive the scent. As my hypothesis, I predicted that if we have our subjects smell red, blue and green gelatin all of the same scent, they will coordinate the smell with the color and think that they are all different scents. We had the subjects smell all of the flavors and found out that our hypothesis was correct; almost all of the time, people coordinated the smell with the color. This happened because color is the first element noticed in a product and our eyes send signals to the brain before our nose and tongue get the chance.

The graph above displays how many people out of 20 described the scent to be of the same color of the gelatin.

Does the color of an artificial food affect how you perceive the scent?

The photo to the below represents how we displayed our gelatin to our subjects.

by Luca ManningSlide3

This experiment was conducted to test the question: How much does physical activity affect memory?

I

hypothesized If subjects job in place for 3 minutes, 1 minute and not at all and immediately after memorize a sequence of numbers from 0-9, then they will retain more memory of the numbers the longer that they jog, because studies have discovered a short burst of moderate exercise enhances the consolidation of memories because it increases the size of the hippocampus, the part of the brain where learning and memory take place. It also helps boost blood flow throughout the body and brain which causes cells to become better at connecting with each other. As well as a chemical called norepinephrine is released while exercising and is known to play a strong role in memory modulation To test the hypothesis, we conducted memorization tests on subjects after jogging for 3 minutes, 1 minute, and not at all. In the end we found out the vast majority of the subjects retained more memory the longer they jogged.

Test Results of 20 subjects

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Effects of Physical Activity on Memory Slide4

By; Lauren Andrews

My experiment was on how different kinds of music effect the heart rate. We took 30 students, and tested their heart rate with different kinds of music. (Pop, rock, and classical.) Different results occurred when we tested:

The results from my experiment did support my hypothesis. As shown in the graph, the average starting heart rate was 89.9 b/m. The graph states that 30% of the heart rates went up after classical, the reason for this is because the tempo for the music was only 87 b/m. For the pop music only 70% of the heart rate went up, because the song was 98 b/m. For the rock music we had astounding results! 90% of the heart rates went up after listening to rock music. We discovered the reason why, the tempo of the song was 124 b/m. I

believe that music has more influence than we think it does on the human body. Usually music makes people feel more energetic, in their daily activities, our experiment has proved that music with a faster tempo, increases the heart rate over time. Rock music is the best form of music to use if you want an increase of heart rate over time. This information could now help sports players, people who work out, and adrenaline junkies. This helped to prove that faster music, gives you a faster heart rate over time.

How music effects the heart rateSlide5

Color & Appetite

My

experiment tested to see if color affects appetite. We found that color really does affect the appetite.

Question: does color affect appetiteSummary: The appearance of food is very important. Have you ever noticed how almost all restaurants incorporate some red or yellow into their menus, signs, cups, and even their logo such as Mcdonalds, Applebees, Chilis, Golden corral, Subway, the list is endless. They choose to have those colors for a special reason red and yellow are the most appealing colors, so big restaurant companies take advantage of this by incorporating it into anything they can to sell more food. Conclusion: In the end my experiment proved that color can affect appetite, we think that people chose white more because it may have looked safer than the rest of the colors. If we were to pursue this question more I would add more colors, and maybe try different foods in different trials to see if that affects anything. Maybe even putting someone’s favorite food on a black paper and there least favorite food on an appetizing color such as red, yellow, or white.  Dawson AshbySlide6

Which Gem is the hardest?

So what gem is the hardest? Well first lets see what the softest gem is. This would be the gem Talc. On the

Mohs hardness scale talc is the softest being able to be scratched by any other gem. Moving up the list Gypsum is a little harder than Talc but can still be scratched by most gems. After Gypsum number three would be calcite. Calcite comes in all types of other shapes and colors which makes it popular to collectors. Limestone is also made from calcite. Skipping a few tiers of the scale, at number 7 there is quartz. Quartz is the hardest gem most common gem on earth. It takes a steel tool to scratch it also. Skipping to the hardest gem because the others below it are basically take the same to scratch and break the only difference being it would take a little more force but you can still scratch it with a steel tool. Diamond though as you can see on the graph much tougher than corundum. Diamond is so hard that it has an absolute hardness of 1600. Diamonds aren’t actually rare at all though. The only reason they cost so much is because of the careful restricting of the gem is why they are so rare. So now you know what the gem is the softest and which is the hardest and even some in between.

Jack Weir Slide7

Musical Heart Beat

Intro:

My experiment had three main parts, Question,

data/summary and conclusion.Question: What effect do different genres of music have on heart rate?Data/Summary: The results of my experiment show that EDM rose the students heart rate the most and classical music caused a significant decrease in the students heart rate. The biggest surprise from my experiment was that rap had an insignificant effect on the students heart rate. The reason I think this happened is the rap song was not very fast paced so it did not get the students as excited.

Conclusion:

In

the end my experiment proved that listening to different types of music does affect your heart rate. The reason that the subject’s heart rate rose the most when listening to EDM was because the fast paced upbeat music exited them and their heart. The reason that the classical lowered people’s heart rate is the music had a soothing and relaxing effect on the subjects. Changes that could have been made in our experiment to change our results would be changing the volume of the music to see if that would effect it. Also if it was a faster paced rap song I feel the subject’s heart rate would rise more. If I were to do further research my question would be; does the volume of the music effect your heart rate? So as you can see listening to different types of music will affect your heart rate.

Ben MadarietaSlide8

Maximizing Jumping Distance

Have you ever wondered how to maximize your jumping distance during track season? In my experiment, we found

that people jump further without weights because they have more momentum. We found this because we had our subjects jump standing still, jump sprinting 10 meters, and jump with weights sprinting 10 meters. Momentum is conserved in a collision or explosion in an isolated system where no external forces act. This

means when we run we will have momentum so we get a farther jump.Slide9

Physical Activity & Memory

How much physical activity affects memory?

The

experiment was conducted to test if physical activity affects your memory. I believe that subjects will memorize the most numbers with the most amount of exercise. To test this I had subjects memorize a sequence of numbers, then record what that they remembered. Then subjects jogged in place for one minute, memorized a new sequence of numbers, and wrote down what they remembered. Subjects jogged in place for three minutes, memorized another sequence of numbers, and recorded as many numbers as they could. In the end subjects memorized more numbers with the more exercise, so my hypothesis is correct. This result was interesting because I didn’t think I would see so much growth between no running and three minutes of running because it’s such a short period of exercise.

The graph shows the data we collected from 20 subjects

By: Peri HalvorsonSlide10

Melting

Chocolate

Which type of chocolate melts faster?

By: Sarah Elder

Chocolate is the holy grail of all food. As Tori Mason said, “

When life gives you lemons, throw them back and demand

chocolate.” Chocolate is a beloved food, so I wanted to fully enjoy it without the chocolate melting all over my hands. Thus inspiring me to conduct this experiment. This experiment tests

the question: Which type of chocolate melts the fastest? I hypothesized that white chocolate will melt the fastest. To test this

hypothesis, I put each type of chocolate in the microwave for 15 seconds intervals until the chocolate melted.

In the end, I

found out that white chocolate melts the fastest.

I most

likely got those results because white chocolate is made of milk and cocoa butter

which

has a lower melting point than the other ingredients in the other chocolates. Also, white chocolate has more sugar which decreases the melting point.This graph shows the results of the experiment. The chocolate below the graph shows exactly what chocolate I used.Slide11

Gender and Color Perception

Does gender affect color perception?

By: Gabbie Hernandez

 Men and women are all different, there is no doubt about that. But does our gender affect the way that we see different shades of colors? What do you think would happen if we took 20 males and 20 females and tested them to see how many shades of one color that they see…? Well that’s why I’m here, I am going to tell you about our outcome between males and females in seeing how many groups of different colors they saw when all of the colors were different. Generally, women are “better” at color choices and décor, We researched that many women maybe have more rods than guys in their eyes, and have the fourth cone type and guys see more colors than girls. We took 20 girls and 20 boys and a color spectrum to see how many colors all of them saw. Female’s as we predicted won and saw the right number of all the colors than the guys, some of the guys saw the right number of color shades, others did not some saw less, some saw a whole lot more. Also maybe the way that we worded it could’ve possibly changed their answers. Someone like Dare Munger and Natalie Wolchover, they both said that “Women are most likely to have the 4

th photo pigment than guys, but guys have generally more literally to be color blind.”(Science Blogs). The most three common cones in an eyesight would be “Long, Short, Medium”.

This is a color chart. Similar to the one that we used for our experiment.Slide12

Gum and memory

by: Landon Watson

The purpose of this experiment was to answer the question does gum effect memory recall? My hypothesis was plain and simple, gum helps memory recall because chewing increases blood flow to the brain. I investigated by searching if gum helps memory then I found two good sites and bam I had all the info that I needed. The results of my experiment were this, without gum my subjects averaged seven words memorized and with gum they averaged 6.75 words memorized. My hypothesis was not correct.Slide13

Color &

Appetite

For my experiment, I had the same food on different colored plates and investigated to see which color will be the most picked. The results from my experiment did not support my hypothesis. I thought that red would be the most picked color. But as shown in the graph, the color white had the most voted instead of the color red. This was surprising because red is a color used in a lot of restaurant logos and signs to stimulate someone’s appetite. While on the other hand, white is supposed to diminish someone’s appetite because it is everywhere. In addition to the color white, blue had more votes than red. I am not surprised that blue got a good amount of votes because it is a very popular color. Does plate color affect food appeal?

By: Kinsey Hurren

The results from my experiment, each color was not picked the same amount of times. Slide14

Gum Flavors & Memorization

Have you ever wondered if certain flavors of gum could help your memory? Chewing Mint flavored gum or Mixed Berry flavored gum may help. According to my research,

the smell or flavor of mint can improve cognitive

functions such as memory, problem solving, and reasoning. I did an experiment on multiple people with gum flavors and memory. I gave them cards to remember while chewing a certain gum flavor to see which flavor had the most positive affect, and mint and mixed berry would the highest. So yes, some gum flavors do improve your test scores and memory.

By: Dayn HarsinSlide15

PARACHUTES

Of course different materials of parachutes will affect how long it takes for them to fall. That’s exactly what I did in my experiment and believe it or not the times were different. It turns out the hanker chief fell the fastest and the plastic bag the slowest.

By: Kyle GunnersonSlide16

THE AFFECTS OF MUSIC ON REACTION TIME

Have you noticed that everyone listens to music?

If its while your cleaning your room, going home on your bus, or in a simple store.

Music is everywhere! That’s exactly why I did this experiment. First I decided three types of music, classical , electronic and hip-hop Then found 14 volunteers who would help me on my experiment. I used a measuring stick which was put on the wall to calculate how much time would it take for someone to react and catch the stick, while playing the certain music.

After researching I was able to form a hypothesis. I thought that the slowest reaction would be with the classical music because the type of music is slow.The results were how I expected. First came in hip-hop, then came electronic and last but not least classical music

Picture of baby listening to music

Graph of the result of my experiment

Article by: Gabrielle FonsecaSlide17

Melting Chocolate

Which type of baker’s chocolate melts the fastest?

I love chocolate so

i conducted an experiment that determined which type of baker’s chocolate melted the fastest out of white, semisweet, bittersweet, and 100% cacao. We conducted six trials for each type of chocolate. We melted a square of chocolate in a bowl in a microwave and checked it after each 15 second interval with a toothpick. We did this for all of the types of chocolates 6 times. In the end the order from fastest to slowest melting time is white chocolate, Bittersweet chocolate, Semisweet chocolate, and lastly 100% cacao chocolate. We received these results because white chocolate isn’t technically “real” chocolate. It isn’t real chocolate because unlike all other types of chocolates, white chocolate doesn’t have any chocolate liquor in it so it has less ingredients thus making it melt faster.

This is the data graph of the times for each type of chocolate and its trials .

This is a picture of melted chocolate.

Yummm



This is a picture of the brand of

Chocolate that we used in this

Experiment.

Article by: Sophie grangeSlide18

Music To Math

Does the different type of music or no music affect the number of math problems you can do?

My experiment is about the number of math problems you can do with or without different types of music. In my experiment music does effect how many problems you do, but it depends on the person rather they do better with or without music. Music can affect you progress and can make things very difficult to concentrate. I thought of this with some friends when we were listening to music when thinking of a question and this popped up. This is how my question and experiment was born.

By: Malachi Franklin Carvalho Slide19

H

o

w Color

Affects Taste

This experiment was conducted to test

if color affect the way people think it tastes? To test this, I decided to get the drink Sprite and add food coloring and then ask students to try it then we would see if their brain makes them think that it’s a different drink and not Sprite. They filled out a small paper that named each color than a space for them to right what drink they think it is. In the end we counted what each person thought the red drink was, then blue, then green, and finally yellow. Most people thought the drink was Sprite or 7-up. This result was interesting because I thought that the color would have thrown them off

. It was also interesting based off all the research it would’ve worked maybe next time ill change it up a little.

BY: Ashley GordonSlide20

C

O

LOR VS.

GENDERBy Katie EastmanEver wonder why girls seem to have so many different

names for colors? Have you ever considered that thismight have to do with science and female anatomy?Our eyes see colors using rods, cones, and

photopigments. There are 3 standard photopigments,b

ut scientists have recently discovered that there is alsoa 4th kind of photopigment that predominantly females

have. They have also discovered that this 4th pigment can assist in improved eyesight and color recognition.

I found this intriguing, and so I wanted to test it out. I showed a color spectrum of reds, oranges, greens, blues, and purples to 20 males and 20 females. The females

t

ended to see more red, orange, blue, and purple, whereas

m

ales more green. I found this surprising and interesting.

Although overall females see and identify more color, the

m

ales can identify more greens. I hope to further investigatethis phenomenon in the future.Slide21

W

hat is the effect of age on reaction time? One might ask this question when versed in the situation of an adult defending their age and how it doesn’t affect them in every day activities.

Matthew Kelley

O

ur data and background information shows that the adults have a slower reaction time than students. All of the adults that we tested did not have Parkinson’s or any other disease that hindered their reaction time, therefore we believe it is due to the extended cross talk in the brain. Crosstalk happens more frequently in an adult’s brain than in a teenager’s, and ultimately proves that adults have a slower reaction time. So this is the most likely reason why the adults where slower than the teenagers.

The slowest Teenage reaction time was faster than that of the average of the adults time.

The

Effects of Age

on Reaction Time

I

n its most simplest form But what is crosstalk? Crosstalk in the brain is when there are breakdowns in brain connections and occurs when one side sends out signals that control movements on the opposite side of the body. This signal chatter is regulated by an area of the brain called the corpus callosum. As we age, the brain's ability to regulate the cross-talk diminishes. Which ultimately is why adults have slower reaction times than teenagers.

But why are the adults slower?Slide22

How Color

A

ffects TasteDoes the color of a plate effect the appeal of the food on the plate?

By Jeff StewartThis experiment was conducted to test the question: How does color affect appeal of food? I hypothesized that a red plate would heighten the appeal of food the most. To test my hypothesis, I asked people which plate of food looked more appealing to them. Oneach plate was a cupcake like the picture provided and 3 chocolate chip cookie. The plates we used were red, green, blue and grey. In the end result we found

that grey and blue affected the appeal of food the most therefore proving my hypothesis wrong.

These results were most likely attained because blue and gray matched the frosting on the cupcakeSlide23

Packing Material

What packing material best prevents an egg from cracking?

By: Jessie Groeniger

Mailing a package can be really stressful, so what packing material should you use to make that something arrive safely? Well in the experiment young Jessie Groeniger put together it solved that very question. She wrapped eggs in 4 different packing materials, then dropped them to see which one has the least amount of cracks. She found out that the best ones to use is bubble wrap or cardboard. Although cardboard did get higher score it wasn’t by much. Cardboard got .75 less cracks then bubble wrap, which isn’t that big of a difference. Jessie believes that she got these results because instead of cracking the eggs the bubbles in the bubble wrap popped. She also believes that cardboard acted like a cocoon to the egg and didn’t let it move around, which prevented the cracking. We hope that this experiment will take off that little bit of stress you have about sending that special something off into the big world of mailing. Thank you.

.

The picture bellow is all the data collected in this experiment.

Packing peanuts is most used but the least protective.Slide24

Sight & Taste

This experiment was conducted to test the question: Does sight affect taste? I hypothesized that sight would affect taste. To test my hypothesis, I got four bottles of Sprite and dyed them all different colors (red, blue, orange, and purple) and had subjects taste all four colors. I then asked each subject what flavor they thought they had tasted after drinking each color. In the end, I tested 25 subjects and 67% of the time they thought that the Sprite was a flavor that corresponded with the color that I had dyed the Sprite. I got these results because you see your food or drinks before you actually put it into your mouth, so your brain has already told your taste buds what flavor the food or drink is before they get a chance to decide on their own. In conclusion, sight has a great effect on the way

things taste.For my PACE experiment I tested the question; Does sight affect taste?

By: McKayla Davis

For the most part, people associate color with flavor. As seen on the graph to your left.Slide25

How Different Color Shades Affect Memory

different shades of pink used and graph showing final results

I was told that if you write things in different colors you remember them better. I began using this tip when studying for tests. As I did this I thought it over I began to wonder if memory of the content was affected more when using lighter/dull colors or bright ones. This led me to

the question Dose

brightness of color hues affect memory? I hypothesized that if

we have a subject try and memorize a list of words 11 in florescent pink and 12 in pastel/dull pink. Then more of the pastel/dull colored words will be remembered.

In order to test this hypothesis, I needed to design an experiment. First, I g

athered subjects for our experiment. Then, we gave each of the subjects a list of 23 words 11 florescent and 12 dull pink. Next, I had subjects look at and try to memorize list for 1 minute and 30 seconds. Then, I had subjects write down as many of the words they could remember. Finally, I counted up the number of words in each color hue and recorded the data and repeat as many times as I needed.

By the end of the experiment proved that pastel/dull color hues impact memory the most.

By: Madeline ShackleySlide26

How the shoes we wear affect our physical activities.

Have you ever thought about what you wear during your physical activities? Did you know that what you wear can affect how hard or effective you work? In this case, we are talking about shoes. Shoes have a big impact on how fast you can run either in a race, or if you’re just trying to get some exercise in your neighborhood. If you want to perform your best in a physical activity you love, you need to wear tennis shoes or running shoes. I have performed an experiment on shoes, and running shoes came out as the fastest to exercise or run in. So if you’d like to perform your best in your favorite activities, I recommend running shoes!

In the pictures to the left, these are the shoes that I tested in my experiment, and the running shoes (top) had the fastest time, while I ran, out of the three.

Chandler Emerson Per. 3Slide27

The Science of Parachutes

Skydiving

! The intense adrenaline rush of falling to earth from thousands of feet high in the sky. Taking in the beauty of the world beneath you! Breathtaking! However, what if you could float down to the ground slower? You’d be able to appreciate the beauty and enjoy your decent a little bit longer

. I conducted an experiment that tested that theory, only, on a much smaller scale then actual skydiving rigs. For my experiment, I chose to use these 5 materials, nylon, a plastic shopping bag, wax paper, a handkerchief, and gold lamé. I tied a string to hold a little army man to my 5 different makeshift parachutes. I then dropped him from a table and timed the descent to the floor. I found that between these 5 materials that a plastic bag will go slower.

The reason for this is that drag (Air Resistance) slows down the plastic bag to slowly fall to the floor. An article I saw said, “

A

ir

fills up in the canopy and resists or prevents free fall. This force is acting upwards and we still have the force of gravity acting downwards. If the forces were equal in strength, the parachute would not move; it would be stuck in the air, but since gravity is stronger, the parachute is attracted downwards and so it floats down slowly”

(http

://www.all-science-fair-projects.com

/)

The 2012 FAI World Parachuting Championships Mondial in Dubai 

Parachute Tests

By: Joey Montano