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Rome the Republic Rome the Republic

Rome the Republic - PowerPoint Presentation

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Rome the Republic - PPT Presentation

Government Republic 2 elected consuls were the head Served a oneyear term Controlled the army Senate Leaders from the Patricians Lawmakers Controlled spending Chosen by Consuls Served for life ID: 615598

carthage rome republic people rome carthage people republic city punic caesar roman senate spain rome

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Slide1

Rome the RepublicSlide2

Government

Republic

2 elected consuls were the head

Served a one-year termControlled the armySenateLeaders from the PatriciansLaw-makersControlled spendingChosen by ConsulsServed for life300 seatsAssemblyPlebeiansHad limited power BUT they elected the consulsConsuls had to gain support of the plebeian classSlide3

SPQR

Senatus

Populus Que RomanusChiseled on public buildings, armor, coins, park benchesAnything that belonged to the state“The Senate and the People of Rome”Kings were no longer in chargeSlide4

The Forum

Main marketplace and business center

Banking, trading, shopping, and marketing

Also a place for public speakingGreat oratorsArgued persuasivelyFestivals and religious ceremoniesGo to a temple to leave a gift for one of their godsSlide5

Roman Baths

At least once a day

Included:

Hot and cold poolsSlaves to wait on youSteam roomsSaunasExercise roomsHair salonsReading roomsThink of is as a large mall with bathing pools900 public baths in RomePart of daily life

Kids couldn’t use them

There was an admission charge

Slaves couldn’t use them

But people brought their slaves as attendantsSlide6

Roman Legion

Legion

5000 men

Each had a banner, leader, number and nicknameUniformRectangular shieldShort swordDaggerMetal jacketHelmetBeltKiltShirtHobnailed sandalsServiceLegionary served for 25 years

Retirement

Given land and a pension

Gave retired military a place to call home in the country that they would defend

Placed loyal military men all over the provincesSlide7

Roman Roads

“All roads lead to Rome”

It was true!

Rome was the heart of the republicEach time a new city was conquered, a road was built from that city back to RomeMilestones told how far it was to RomeSlide8

Hannibal & Carthage

Carthage- ancient city-state in North Africa- 300 miles from Rome

First Punic War

Carthage controlled 3 islands off Italy’s coastRome wanted Carthage to join its republicFought for 20 yearsNeither wonRome took Sicily, Sardinia and CorsicaHannibal9-year-old son of the general at the First Punic War- vowed to make Rome pay

Clever general

Snakes plan

Wanted to conquer all of Spain

Not this creepy one…

But this oneSlide9

Second Punic War

Second Punic War

Spanish city asked for help but Rome attacked Carthage instead of Hannibal

Hannibal planned to march 90,000 foot soldiers, 12,000 calvary, and 37 elephants from Spain Route was more rugged than he expectedCarthage agreed to peace termsCarthage changed their mind and Rome defeated Carthage but didn’t catch HannibalSecond set of peace terms:Carthage leave Spain, Gaul and ItalyReduce their navy to 10 warshipsPay 10,000 talents in war damages in 50 annual payments over 50 years

Rome finally caught up with Hannibal but he swallowed poison rather than surrender (he was 64)Slide10

Julius Caesar

Month of July named after him

People trusted him and believed he could solve Rome’s problems

Problems of the RepublicCrimeTaxesHungerUnemploymentSlave labor dependencySpoke openly about problems and solutionsLeaders in the Senate were afraid Caesar would take power and rule as a kingEntered Rome in 49 BCE with Roman Legion to take over the government

Poor people were glad; Senate was furiousSlide11

Julius Caesar

Caesar defeated Pompey and the Senate’s forces and became the master of Rome

Improvements

Relieved debtEnlarged the SenateBuilt the Forum IuliumRevised the calendarAssassinated by a group of Senators led by Cassius and Brutus on the Ides of March (15) 44 BCEAssassination sparked civil wars that ended the Republic and Caesar’s great nephew, Octavian, became the first emperor of Rome