SOCIAL STUDIES 10 Postrebellion review The rebellions of 183738 in both upper Canada and lower Canada sparked by calls for reform to the political system The colonial government system from 17911840 featured an oligarchy where the colony was ruled by a small group of elite Englishspeaking m ID: 217090
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ATTAINING RESPONSIBLE GOVERNMENT
SOCIAL STUDIES 10Slide2
Post-rebellion review
The rebellions of 1837-38 in both upper Canada and lower Canada sparked by calls for reform to the political system.
The colonial government system from 1791-1840 featured an oligarchy where the colony was ruled by a small group of elite English-speaking men
In lord
durham’s
report, he recommended the unification of the
canadas
and responsible government
1840 act of union led to upper Canada lower Canada being merged into united Canada in 1841. upper Canada = Canada west, lower Canada = Canada eastSlide3
FEARS OF RESPONSIBLE GOV’T
WEAKEN BRITISH EMPIRE AND STRENGTHEH ENEMIES OF THE BRITISH (USA)
CREATE ECONOMIC PROBLEMSSlide4
BRITISH ECONOMIC POLICY SHIFT
BRITISH EMPIRE FOLLOWED THE POLICY OF MERCANTLISM
MERCANTLISM: HOME COUNTRY TAKES RAW PRODUCT FROM COLONIES TO MAKE GOODS FOR PROFIT
1846 THE BRITISH MOVE TOWARDS FREE TRADE WHEN THEY REPEALED THE CORN LAWS WHICH PERMITTED CANADIAN GRAIN PRODUCTS TO ENTER BRITAIN WITH A LOW DUTY (TAX)
BRITISH VIEW COLONIES (CANADA) AS AN ECONOMIC PARTNER, NO LONGER A RESPONSIBILITY BECAUSE OF THE HIGH EXPENSE TO GOVERN, DEFEND AND FINANCE THE COLONIESSlide5
LORD ELGIN AND RESPONSIBLE GOV’T ACHIEVED
1847, JAMES BRUCE, THE
SON
IN
LAW OF LORD DURHAM WAS APPOINTED GOVERNOR GENERAL OF UNITED CANADA AND WAS GIVEN THE TASK OF BRINGING IN RESPONSIBLE GOVERNMENT
1848 ELECTIONS IN CANADA EAST RESULTED IN REFORMER LOUIS HIPPOLYTE-LAFONTAINE MAJORITY AND IN CANADA WEST REFORMER ROBERT BALDWIN MAJORITY
ELGIN CALLED ON LAFONTAINE AND BALDWIN TO FORM A GOVERNMENTSlide6
GOVERNMENT PRIOR TO 1849Slide7
GOVERNOR
*Appointed by government in England
*Represented the monarch
*Always English
*Took orders from the British Government
EXECUTIVE COUNCIL
*Appointed by the governor, but chosen from the party holding majority in the Legislative Assembly
*held office for the term of the government
*each member (minister) given charge of a department of gov’t
LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY
*elected by the voters for up to 4 years
*made and passed laws
*also called the Lower House
LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL
*members appointed by the governor for life
*made and passed laws
*also called the Upper House
HOW RESPONSIBLE GOVERNMENT STRUCTUREDSlide8
RESPONSIBLE GOVERNMENT TESTED
IN 1849 THE REFORM GOVERNMENT INTRODUCED THE REBELLION LOSSES BILL WHICH GAVE FINANCIAL COMPENSATION TO ANYONE WHO LOST PROPERTY IN THE REBELLION, INCLUDING THE REBELS.
THIS BILL WAS SUPPORTED BY THE REFORMERS, BUT OPPOSED BY THE TORIES AND EVEN LORD ELGIN
HOWEVER, UNDER THE PRINCIPLE OF RESPONSIBLE GOVERNMENT, THE GOVERNOR COULD NOT VETO ANY LAWS, THUS ELGIN SIGNED IT.Slide9
REACTIONS TO REBELLION LOSSES BILL
IN RESPONSE TO THE SIGNING OF THE REBELLION LOSSES BILL, RIOTING TOOK PLACE FOR TWO DAYS. THIS INCLUDED THE BURNING OF THE PARLIAMENT BUILDINGS IN MONTREAL.
ANTI-REBELS, WHICH INCLUDED MERCHANTS AND CITIZENS PUBLISHED THE ANNEXATION MANIFESTO WHICH WAS A PLAN FROM THE UNITED STATES TO TAKE OVER.
THE MOVE TO BEING A COUNTRY BY ITSELF BEGINS