PPT-Development of genetically modified live attenuated parasites as potential vaccines against

Poonam Salotra National Institute of Pathology ICMR New Delhi Post Kalaazar Dermal Leishmaniasis Impact of Visceral Leishmaniasis VL Fact sheet 200 Million People currently at risk for contracting VL. Greenberg and Ann M Arvin Abstract Since vaccinia virus was 64257rst used to protect against smallpox in the eighteenth century live attenuated vaccines have proved to be highly effective in reducing the morbidity and mortality caused by many human Sreenivas Poonam Salotra Hira L Nakhasi Division of Emerging Transfusion Transmitted Diseases Office of Blood Research Review Center for Biologics Research Review US Food Drug Administration Bethesda USA Institute of Pathology Safdarjung Hospi . Islamic University . Nursing college . Type of vaccinations . Live attenuated vaccine (weak pathogen).. Inactivated vaccine (dead pathogen).. Toxoins. (toxin of the pathogen). . Live attenuated vaccine (weak pathogen).. GMO : Genetically Modified Organism Genetic engineering Selective breeding Genome Modification GRAS : Generally Recognised As Safe Cross Breeding Gene Splicing : cutting the DNA to p.f.watson@shef.ac.uk. Vaccines Theory and Practice. Learning goals . – . History of Vaccination. Importance of Vaccination . in Healthcare Strategy. Theory of vaccination. Nature of pathogen and vaccine choice. Immunity. Passive immunity. Active immunity. Following clinical infection. Following subclinical infection. Following vaccination. Following administration of. Immunoglobulin or antiserum. Transfer of maternal . Immunizations. Two artificial methods to make an individual immune to a disease. Active immunization-. administration of a vaccine response. Passive immunization-. Individual acquires immunity through the transfer of antibodies formed by an immune individual or animal. Vaccination . . Ethical Clearance. Most of the vaccines mentioned here are supplied free by the Ministry of Health. Generic names and photos used here for documentation& learning purpose only. Historical background. FACTS AND MYTHS. PRESENTED. BY. FEDERAL INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH OSHODI. LAGOS STATE. An Overview of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology. White biotechnology as any technology application that uses biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use (. Qualitative Ab Changes during. 1. o. and 2. o. Responses. Class switching. 1. o. Ag. 2. o. Ag. Total Ab. IgM Ab. IgG Ab. D a y s A f t e r I m m u n i z a t i o n. A b T i t e r. Cellular Events in 1. 1 To understand how vaccines work and the foundation of recommendations for their use, it is helpful to understand the basic function of the human immune system. The following description is simplifie Live attenuated vaccines used in the UK schedule:. Rotavirus vaccine. MMR vaccine. Nasal flu vaccine. Shingles . vaccine. Chickenpox vaccine (special groups only). BCG . vaccine against TB (special groups only). What is vaccination and how does it work?. Immunization saves lives and keeps people healthy. Immunization saves up to 3 million lives annually . Vaccines are available to protect against the following infectious diseases, with many more in development. . Amer. Virus Vaccines. First vaccine developed by Jenner in late 1700's against. smallpox virus. Vaccines. 3. 1796 Jenner: wild type animal-adapted virus. 1800’s Pasteur: Attenuated virus. .