Tissue Types Key Terms Histology the study of tissues Tissues groups of cells which are similar in structure and which perform common or related functions Four Basic Kinds of Tissues Epithelial Tissue ID: 380975
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Slide1
Anatomy and Physiology I
Tissue TypesSlide2
Key Terms
Histology:
the study of tissues.
Tissues:
groups of cells which are similar in structure and which perform common or related functions.Slide3
Four Basic Kinds of Tissues
Epithelial Tissue
Connective Tissue
Muscle Tissue
Nervous TissueSlide4
Epithelial Tissue
Epithelial Tissue Locations:
Covers the body
Lines the cavities, tubes, ducts and blood vessels inside the body
Covers the organs inside body cavities
Epithelial Tissue Functions:
Protection from physical & chemical injury,
Protection against microbial invasion,
Contains receptors which respond to stimuli,
Filters, secretes & reabsorbs materials and
Secretes serous fluids to lubricate structures.Slide5
Connective Tissue
Connective Tissue:
Most abundant & widely distributed tissue
Connective Tissue Functions:
Connects, binds and supports structures,
Tendons, ligaments, etc.
Protects & cushions organs and tissues,
Insulates (fat) and
Transports substances (blood).Slide6
Muscle Tissue
Muscle Tissue:
Associated with the bones of the skeleton, the heart and in the walls of the hollow organs of the body.
Muscle Tissue Functions:
Movement
Locomotion
Maintains posture
Produces heat
Facial expressions
Pumps blood
PeristalsisSlide7
Nervous Tissue
Nervous Tissue:
Main component of the nervous system,
ie., brain, spinal cord & nerves.
Nervous Tissue Functions:
Regulates & controls body functions
Generates & transmits nerve impulses
Supports, insulates and protects impulse generating neurons.Slide8
Identify the following cell organelles
Cell Organelles
cell membrane
cytoplasm
nucleus
nuclear membrane
nucleolus
chromosomes
chromatinSlide9
Cell Organelles - Onion
Cell membraneSlide10
Cell Organelles - Onion
CytoplasmSlide11
Cell Organelles - Onion
Nuclear MembraneSlide12
Cell Organelles - Onion
NucleolusSlide13
Cell Organelles - Onion
ChromatinSlide14
Identify the five stages of mitosis
Stages of Mitosis, or the Cell Cycle:
interphase
prophase
metaphase
anaphase
telophaseSlide15
Interphase
Metabolic phase
Cell growth
DNA replication
Centriole replication
Protein Synthesis
Visible Nucleus & nuclear membrane
Visible nucleoli
ChromatinSlide16
Prophase
Nuclear membrane disappears
Nucleoli disappear
Chromsomes appear
Centrioles move to opposite sides of cell
Spindle fibers from centrioles connect with chromosomesSlide17
Metaphase
Chromosomes line up on equator of the cellSlide18
Anaphase
Chromatids from each chromosome separate & are pulled to opposite sides of the cell.Slide19
Telophase
Chromatids reach extremes of cell
Nuclear membrane reappears around each chromatid cluster
Nucleoli reappear
Cell plate appears between nuclei
Cytokinesis occursSlide20
Start Editing Here…Slide21
Specific tissue types & representative cell types we will review:
epithelial
Squamous
Cuboidal
Columnar
connective
Adipose
Bone
Hyalaine cartilage
muscle
nervousSlide22
Squamous Epithelium
Simple – one cell thick
Forms solid layer of cells which line blood vessels, body cavities & cover organs in body cavities
Stratified – multiple layers
Forms epidermisSlide23
Cuboidal Epithelium
Simple – one cell thick
Roughly cube shaped
Line ducts in kidneys, etc, where reabsorption and secretory activities take place.
Duct
Cuboid Cells
Duct
Cuboid CellsSlide24
Columnar Epithelium
Simple – one cell thick
Column shaped (long & narrow)
Line digestive tract where reabsorption & secretion occurs.
Pseudostratified – gives the appearance of more than one layer of columnar epithelial cellsSlide25
Specific Connective Tissue Types:
Adipose
Bone
Hyalaine cartilageSlide26
Connective - Adipose
Honeycomb or chickenwire appearance
Stores energy (fat)
Insulates
Supports & protects organsSlide27
Connective - Bone
Tree ring-like appearance
Supports & protects
Mineral storage
Fat storage
Blood cell productionSlide28
Connective – Hyaline Cartilage
Supports while providing flexibility
Absorbs compression between bones in joints (articular cartilage)
Holds open respiratory passages
Most abundant type of cartilage in bodySlide29
Specific Muscle Tissue Types:
muscle (skeletal)Slide30
Muscle - Skeletal
Muscle fibers (cells) long, parallel & cylindrical
With many nuclei (multinucleate)
Striations (cross stripes run perpendicular to the cells
Produce voluntary movement
Locomotion
HeatSlide31
Specific Nervous Tissue Types Nervous – Neuron
Branching cells with many long processes
Large central nucleus
Transmit impulses from one area of the body to other areas
Regulate activities through neuron impulses