Bacteriology Kingdom of bacteria Subkingdom Eubacteria Subkingdom Cyanobacteria Nomenclature Binomial scientific nomenclature Genus always capitalized species lowercase ID: 512293
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "Introduction to bacteria:" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
Introduction to bacteria:
BacteriologySlide2
Kingdom of bacteria
Sub-kingdom:
Eubacteria
Sub-kingdom: Cyanobacteria Slide3
Nomenclature
Binomial (scientific) nomenclature
Genus
–
always
capitalized
species
-,
lowercase
Both
italicized
or
underlined
: Saccharomyces
cerevisiae
or
Saccharomyces
cerevisiae
Staphylococcus
aureus
or
Staphylococcu
s
aureus
Staphylococcus
epidermidis
or
Staphylococcus
epidermidis
Escherichia
coli
or
Escherichia coli Slide4
Distribution of bacteria
L
ive everywhere.
water (fresh and salty),
soil and air.
Some of them can survive in ice and others can live in hot water.
these
can form
spores
which are very
resistant
to drought , chemical , rays and temperature
variations
.
Some types live as
saprophytes
,
while other are (
O
bligate or Facultative)
parasites
on plants, animals and humans causing
diseases
. Slide5
Shapes and arrangement of bacteria
1-
Coccus
………
Cocci
(spherical shape)
Depends on cell division their cell arrangements:DiplococciStreptococci (chain)Staphylococci (cluster)Sarcinia Slide6Slide7Slide8
2- Bacillus…….. Bacilli (rod-shaped bacteria)
According to their arrangement: it is divided to
Diplobaccilli
Streptobacilli
(chain)
3-
CoccobaciliSlide9
4
- Spiral shaped bacteria:
They can be divided into:
Vibrion
(curved)
a comma shape
Spirillia
Coiled forms exhibiting twists with one or more turns. They have constant shapes and they move by flagella.
Spirochaets
They are intermediate between bacteria and protozoa, they don
’
t have cell wall and flagella. Their movement are like a worm.Slide10
5-
Filamentous
(
Actinomycetes
/Mold-like bacteria
)
Their body consists of
mycelium
just like fungi.
Streptomyces
group belongs to these mold like bacteria.
Streptomycin
, an antibiotic is produced by Streptomyces.Slide11
General morphology of bacterial colony plays an important role in microbial identification:
Round
Irregular
Flat
Convex
Domed Slide12
Motility (Movement)
Bacteria are either
non-motile
or
motile
. Motile forms are either creeping or
swimming:
Creeping
bacteria
(e.g.
Myobacterium
)
move or creep slowly on a supporting surface as a result of wave-like contractions
(contract
and relax) of their bodies.
Swimming
bacteria move freely in a liquid medium due to the presence of flagella. Flagellated forms differ with respect to number and pattern of attachment of flagella. The following
forms: Slide13
Monotrichous
. One flagellum attached to one pole of the cell.
Lophotrichous
. A tuft of flagella at one pole of the cell.
Amphitrichous
. A single or a tuft of flagella at the two poles of the cell.
Peritrichous
.
Many flagella distributed over the whole surface of the cell.
Arrangement basis for classificationSlide14