LocationGeography Sumer between Tigris and Euphrates Rivers plain area called Mesopotamia unpredictable floods limited natural resources Ancient Egypt along great Nile River called Gift of the Nile ID: 705859
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Slide1
Comparing Egypt and SumerSlide2
Location/Geography
Sumer
between Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
plain area called Mesopotamia
unpredictable floods
limited natural resources
Ancient Egypt
along great Nile River
called “Gift of the Nile”
cataracts = rapids
delta: broad, marshy triangular area with deposits of soil
Slide3
Religion
polytheistic: many gods, about 3,000
gods were all powerful and immortal, humans were servants
souls of dead went to “land of no return”
kings were gods
pharaohs: god-kings
polytheistic: about 2,000
Ra = sun
Iris = ideal mother/wife
Orisis = chose afterlife Slide4
Writing
Epic of Gilgamesh
epic myth about unsuccessful quest for immortality
crude pictographs
hieroglyphics (sacred carvings)
wrote on dried papyrus Slide5
Government/Law
city-states: each city and the surrounding land it controlled
ziggurats at the center, where priests appealed to gods for well-being
warriors had control of armies
dynasties: when rules were from one family
divided into Upper and Lower Egypt
Menes united in 3000 B.C.E.
theocracy: ruler is a divine figure
pharaohs promoted truth and justices Slide6Slide7
Science/Technology
invented wheel, sail, and plow
first to use bronze
first system of writing: cuneiform
arches, number system base 60, geometry
creation of pyramids from limestone/granite
Mummification (to preserve the dead)
written numbers
medicine and surgery Slide8Slide9
Social Classes
priests/kings were highest, then merchants, workers, slaves lowest
women had some rights, not education
royal families were highest, then government officials, priest and commanders
below them were the merchants/artisans, and the unskilled laborers
women equal to menSlide10
Categorization Strategies
When comparing and contrasting, consider using a few of these categories to help organize your essay and provide a solid comparison.
Political
Economic
Social
Cultural
Intellectual
Religious
GeographicSlide11
Essay Scoring Rubric
Topic sentence – introduces the category or point; could be directly from introduction paragraph
Clincher sentence – sums up what you just said and is the main point to take away from that paragraphSlide12
Essay Scoring Rubric
Each item listed is 1 point for a total of 18 points.
17
more points will come from my being able to read your essay, emailing me a copy if it is typed, signing the honor code somewhere on your essay, etc.
Essays will typically be worth 55 points, this first one will only be
35 points.