PPT-Mechanisms of Toxicity NST110, Toxicology

Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology University of California Berkeley Mechanisms of Toxicity Delivery Site of Exposure to the Target Reaction of the Ultimate Toxicant with the Target Molecule. Lecture 2: Absorption and Distribution. Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism and Excretion (ADME):. NST110, Toxicology. Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology. University of California, Berkeley . Topics for Principles of Toxicology: Part B. Endocrine Toxicity. Carcinogenicity. Neurotoxicity. Persistence and Bioaccumulation. The topics for “Part C” (what we could not cover). Summary. The systemic problem. Lecture 1: Principles of Toxicology. Principles of Toxicity. Defining toxicology. History of toxicology. Dose response. Evaluating safety. Toxicology. Toxicology is the study of adverse effects of . chemicals . 2. Toxicology. Toxicology. —. the study of the adverse effects of chemicals or physical agents on living organisms. Types:. Environmental. —. air, water, soil. Consumer. —. foods, cosmetics, drugs. The Study of Poisons. Beginning the Journey into. Toxicology. Murder Magic and Medicine. The Goals of this course. Introduce the Principles of Toxicology. Part A. History of Toxicology. Dose-response. Harmful Effects of Toxicology. It may damage the survival or normal functions of an individual.. What is Toxicity?. The degree to which a substance is poisonous or can cause injury.. The toxicity depends on a variety of factors.. PHM142 . Fall 2019. Coordinator. : Jeffrey Henderson. Arsenic: Sources and Human Exposure. Natural Sources. Arsenic is most abundant in the earth’s crust, usually in the form of arsenopyrite.. However, small amounts of arsenic are present in the soil, air, and groundwater.. Absorption of toxins in the GIT is by passive diffusion – this process requires that the substance cross cellular barriers . Toxins that are not absorbed from the GIT do not produce systemic effects but may produce local effects – diarrhea, bleeding and malabsorption of nutrients . Organophosphate . Insecticides. a. Acute toxicity. Categories of Effects. Muscarinic. Mimic action of muscarine. Peripheral nervous system only. Smooth muscle, heart, exocrine glands. Bronchoconstriction, salivation, lacrimation, perspiration. Profesor Farmakologi. Departemen Farmakologi Dan Terapi . Fakultas Kedokteran UA. Pharmacology : Dogma and Reason. Ancient Beginnings. - Religious /magical. Hippocrates ( ~ 460 BC). - Observation / experience. Toxicosis. VMD-610 Dr. Anil Kumar. Asst. Professor. Dept. of VCC, BVC, Patna. INTRODUCTION. Toxicology:. The branch of science which deals with the harmful effects of physical and chemical agents on human and animal life.. B.Pharm. . Sixth Sem.. BP602T. Subacute Toxicity. Subacute toxicity studies are intended to evaluate a drug's toxic potential and pathological effects following a treatment/. repeated administration. ToxCast data to predict acute toxicity. Dan Wilson, PhD, DABT. Science Leader – Cheminformatics. The Dow Chemical . Company. ddwilson@dow.com. (989)636-0712. EPA’s Computational Toxicology Communities of Practice. Brenda J. Gehrke, Ph.D.. Office of New Drugs/CDER/FDA. November 2016. Abbreviations. ADME. : absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion. HU. : hydroxyurea. IB. : Investigator Brochure. ICH. : International Council for .