PPT-Ocean Waves, Currents, and Tides

6 th Grade Earth Science Currents A current is a large stream of water that flows through the ocean Two types of currents Surface Currents Deep Currents. Waves. A . Wave. is a . rhythmic. . movement. that carries . energy. through matter or space.. In oceans, waves move through . seawater. Waves. Caused by. :. Wind. Earthquakes. Gravitational force of the Moon and Sun.. Barrier Islands. . T. wo of the most important features along the coastlines of opening oceans are wetlands and barrier islands. The barrier islands are sand islands that were created following the last Ice Age as water was removed from the oceans to create the icecaps that covered most of the Northern Hemisphere. As sea level dropped the shoreline retreated spreading a layer of sand over the surface of the continental shelf. When the ice melted rising sea level produced an advancing shoreline that transgressed the previously deposited layer of sand. Waves, particularly during storms, heaped the sand into ridges that eventually built above sea level creating barrier islands. Initially, barrier islands were separated from the land by a lagoon. Over time, the lagoon eventually filled with sediment derived from the land and sand brought in through tidal inlets. As the lagoons in-filled, wetlands were created and eventually occupied by the bottom units of the marine food web. Barrier islands are temporary constructs constantly moving landward.. Section 3: Currents, Waves, and Tides. Earth Science. Mr. Margetan. . Ocean Currents. Surface Currents – Movement of water on the surface, primarily caused by winds. Ocean Currents. Longshore. Currents – Currents which run parallel to the shoreline due to energy released from waves. Description of Waves. A wave is the rhythmic movement that carries energy through space or . matter. Waves are generated by wind flowing over the water . surface. As a wave passes, water moves up and down in a circular pattern – returning to its original position. The Motion of the Ocean…. Marine Science. Day 1: . Atmospheric Circulation . Objectives. :. What is physical oceanography?. What are the layers of the atmosphere?. Explain how the surface of the Earth is heated.. Waves. A . Wave. is a . rhythmic. . movement. that carries . energy. through matter or space.. In oceans, waves move through . seawater. Waves. Caused by. :. Wind. Earthquakes. Gravitational force of the Moon and Sun.. How do we study them?. Have they always been here?. Oceanography. The scientific study of earth’s oceans. Ocean currents. Chemical composition. Seafloor sediments & topography. Marine life. How?. Created by Winds. Coriolis Effect- The shifting of ocean currents and surface winds from their expected paths caused by the rotation of the earth. Gulf Steam – ocean current in the northern Atlantic ocean, brings warm water from Africa to the Americas. Highways in the Sea. What forces are responsible for currents?. Wind. : transfers energy through friction on surface; causes currents and waves. Sea level. : steeper slope=greater pressure gradient=drives a larger, faster current. Pg. 350. Oceans. Since ancient times, Oceans have provided many things:. Food. Trade Routes. Habitats. Exploring the Floor. Bathymetry. : is the study of depth contours on the ocean floor.. Sonar. . Transmit Antenna sends 5 MHz or 60m electromagnetic (em) waves seaward Nauset Nantucket Coastal Ocean Dynamics Radar (CODAR) Mapping of New England Surface Ocean Currents Ocean Observation Laboratory (OCEANOL) Sections:. The Motion in the Ocean: Waves, Tides, and . Currents. What . is “Seawater?”. Ocean Basics: Pressure, Density, Temperature, and Acoustics. Oceanic . Regions: The Open Ocean, Benthic Ocean, and Sea floor Zones. . T. wo of the most important features along the coastlines of opening oceans are wetlands and barrier islands. The barrier islands are sand islands that were created following the last Ice Age as water was removed from the oceans to create the icecaps that covered most of the Northern Hemisphere. As sea level dropped the shoreline retreated spreading a layer of sand over the surface of the continental shelf. When the ice melted rising sea level produced an advancing shoreline that transgressed the previously deposited layer of sand. Waves, particularly during storms, heaped the sand into ridges that eventually built above sea level creating barrier islands. Initially, barrier islands were separated from the land by a lagoon. Over time, the lagoon eventually filled with sediment derived from the land and sand brought in through tidal inlets. As the lagoons in-filled, wetlands were created and eventually occupied by the bottom units of the marine food web. Barrier islands are temporary constructs constantly moving landward.. Chapter 14. Page 364 – 387. Currents. Imagine that you are stranded on a desert island. You stuff a distress message into a bottle & throw it into the ocean, hoping it will find its way to someone who will send help. .