Faranak Islam Jose Guevara Patrick Conlin Outline Creation of special relativity Why it was created Two postulates Predictions Length contraction Time dilation Impact Then Now In the future ID: 652780
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Slide1
Special Relativity
Amanda Dorsey
Faranak
Islam
Jose Guevara
Patrick
ConlinSlide2
Outline
Creation of special relativity
Why it was created
Two postulatesPredictionsLength contractionTime dilationImpactThenNowIn the futureSlide3
Special Relativity Introduction
In
1905
Albert Einstein wrote “On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies”Special relativity is a theory that describes space and time based on inertial frames of reference – frames of reference in which all the laws of physics are followed Slide4
Why was the theory of special relativity created?
Galilean transformations
x’=x-
vty’=yz’=zt’=tMaxwell’s equations did not work with the transformations
Einstein set out to create a consistent theory for electrodynamicsSlide5
Postulates/Restrictions
There is no preferred frame
The laws of physics are the same in all inertial frames
The constancy of the speed of lightThe speed of light is a universal constantRestrictionsLinear motion Constant velocityNegligible gravitationSlide6
Lorentz Transformations
Describe how measurements of space and time for two observers are related.
x’=
(x-vt)y’=y
z’=z
t’=
All predictions relate a stationary frame to a moving frame using the
lorentz
factor (
)
Slide7
Predictions
Properties:
Relativity of simultaneity
Phenomena:Length contractionTime dilationSlide8
Relativity of Simultaneity
Two simultaneous events in one frame may not be simultaneous in another frameSlide9
Length Contraction
As velocities near the speed of light, an object will appear shorter to an observer in an inertial frame
Ex: A spaceship traveling near the speed of light
10% speed of light 86.5% speed of lightSlide10
Time Dilation
Clocks in a moving frame of reference tick slower than clocks in a stationary frame.
Ex) Airplanes flying around the Earth
Traveling east, the clock would run slower relative to a stationary clock onthe earthTraveling west, the clocks would run faster relative to a stationary clock on
the earthSlide11
Theoretical Extension
Relativistic mass
As an object’s velocity nears the speed of light, it gains mass.
As energy is added to the particles (ex: by heating), the box gains massSlide12
What is the impact of the theory of special relativity?
Present applications
GPS satellites
Space travelNecessary for the study of high energy physics and other fields (ex. Cosmology) In the futureTime travel forward through timeMore advanced space travelSlide13
Conclusion
General relativity was then created 10 years later and included everything- nonlinear motion, acceleration, gravitation, etc.
Special relativity is now a worldwide accepted theory used of describing the world
Succeeded in creating a consistent theory for electrodynamicsChanged the definition of time and spaceSlide14
Thank you!
References
“
Special relativity”. Dictionary.com Unabridged. Retrieved October 08, 2013 from
http
://dictionary.reference.com/browse/special
relativity
H. Lorentz, A. Einstein, H.
Minkowsky
. “
The Principle
of Relativity,” Methuen,
London
,
35 (1923) .Albert Einstein Photo. Funny Pun Punology. Retrieved November 25, 2013 from http://www.funny-joke-pictures.com/2013/03/funny-pun-punology-caption-pictures.html#ixzz2liUvsWCSKoks, Don. “What is relativistic mass?”. Retrieved November 25, 2013 from http://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/physics/Relativity/SR/mass.htmlThornton, Stephen; Rex, Andrew. “Special Theory of Relativity”. Modern Physics for Scientists and Engineers: 4th edition.:2013.“Relativistic Length Contraction”. The Physics classroom: 2013. Retrieved November 29, 2013 from http://www.physicsclassroom.com/mmedia/specrel/lc.cfm