Changes in Power and Conflict So What did that whole Islam thing do Effect on the people in Arabia Other religions that were practiced Who was in charge of Islam Why was he in charge Under Muhammad 610632 ID: 232900
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Slide1
The Schism of Islam:
Changes in Power and ConflictSlide2
So! What did that whole Islam thing do?
Effect
on the people in Arabia?
Other religions that were practiced?
Who was in
charge of Islam?
Why was he in charge?Slide3
Under Muhammad: 610-632Slide4
Today! What Happens when You Lose the Head of Your Empire?
Muhammad dies in 632 CE
Muslims have created an empire over much of the Arabian Peninsula
Since Muhammad was the founder, there is no history of how to deal with this lossSlide5
If I died, =(, Who would take over the Classroom?
Don’t Answer Immediately!!!!
And what if Mr.
Salatellis
was not an option?
What if it had to be someone from this classroom?
How would you choose that person?
What traits would that person have?Slide6
Everyone write down a name from the class on a piece of paper
Don’t show anyone else!
Since I’m dead, I’ll collect the votes and count them to see who the winner is
This is anonymous!!!!
Let’s Have a Vote!Slide7
Why do you think this person got the most votes?What makes them the best leader or is it teacher?
What does this say about the way that leaders are chosen?
Who Won??Slide8
The Successor to Muhammad
The leaders of Islam were merchant elites, even though Islam was more successful at first with the poor
They chose Muhammad’s father-in-law, Abu
Bakr
, to be the next leader, or
Caliph
of
Islam
Others wanted Ali, Muhammad’s son-in-lawSlide9
How Do we choose leaders?
If they both had a link to
Muhammad
, how were they to know who should lead?
If both have evidence of the former leader’s favour, how do we know?
How do we know who is telling the truth?Slide10
The First of the caliphs
Abu
Bakr
only
lasted
2
years before dying
Old age + Sickness = Dead
But! Solidified
rule over Arabian peninsula and defeated rebels who refused Caliph
rule
Because disagreed on who should be in chargeSlide11
Islamic Empire
Under Abu
BakrSlide12
2
nd
Caliph:
Umar
Named by Abu
Bakr
as his successor
Helped establish the Caliphate system with Abu
Bakr
Was Caliph for 10 years (634-644 CE)
Conquered Persian Empire
Got assassinated! =(Slide13
Empire Under
Umar
!Slide14
Uthman
: The Military man
North African expansion
Push eastward through to modern day Pakistan and north through modern day Afghanistan
Increased prosperity, but assassinated in 656 CESlide15
Extent of Empire under Caliph
UthmanSlide16
Finally Ali Gets a Shot!
After the assassination, Ali gets to be the next Caliph
Ruled from 656 – 661 CE
He was the first male to convert to Islam at the age of 12
Is the central figure of the major schism of Islam: Sunni and
ShiaSlide17
But many
do not want
ali
...
....Or a split within a single group that makes it two groups!
There was a large group called the
Umayyads
who had links to the Caliphs before Ali
When Ali took over, they were not happy
Sought to establish a different leader for Islam
SCHISM!Slide18
The Schism that Followed
Sunni -
Umayyads
Supported
Abu
Bakr
as
1
st
Caliph
Some evidence showed that Muhammad wanted Abu
Bakr
to succeed him
Sunnis believe that everyone agreed that Abu
Bakr
should be the new leader of the Muslim community
Shia
– Followers of Ali
Wanted Muhammad’s son-in-law Ali to become the
1
st
Caliph
Some evidence showed that
Muhammad
wanted Ali to succeed him
Shias
believe that there were people who rejected the selection of Abu
Bakr
, and maintained belief in Ali the whole timeSlide19
Umayyad dynasty
The 1
st
long term dynasty in the Arab Empire
Wealthy Arab merchants who were linked with early Caliphs
Clan
based out of Syria
Made Damascus their
CapitalSlide20
And They Lived Happily Ever After....
Ya
think?
What happens when something expands rapidly?
How did voting go at the beginning of class?
What if there were thousands of you instead of ~25?Slide21
Homework!!
Booooooo
!
Write half a page about what you think makes a good leader
Why are these things important to leadership?
How should leadership pass from one person to another?
Does it matter what
the person is leading?