The Hungry Cities Workshop University of Cape Town 09 February 2015 Gareth Haysom ACC and The Hungry Cities Partnership Conceptualising the food system Ericksen 2008 The urban food system ID: 459381
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Slide1
The Urban Food System
The Hungry Cities Workshop
University of Cape
Town, 09 February 2015
Gareth Haysom
|
ACC and The Hungry Cities PartnershipSlide2
Conceptualising the food system
(Ericksen.
2008)Slide3
The urban food system
“
a city is what it eats.”
(Roberts, 2001)
“Feeding cities takes a gargantuan effort: one that arguably has a greater social and physical impact on our lives and the planet than anything else we do” (Steel, 2008: )
“With cities already consuming an estimated 75% of the world’s food and energy resources, it doesn
’
t take a mathematical genius to see that prety soon the sums wont add up” (Steel, 2008: )Slide4
“
About
two years after the breakup of the Soviet Union I was in discussion with a senior Russian official whose job it was to direct the production of bread in St. Petersburg. "Please understand that we are keen to move towards a market system", he told me.
"
But we need to understand the fundamental details of how such a system works.
..
Tell
me, for example: who is in charge of the supply of bread to the population of London?"
There was nothing naive about his question, because the answer ("nobody is in charge"), when one thinks carefully about it, is astonishingly hard to believe. Only in the
industrialised
West have we forgotten just how strange it is.
”
(
Seabright 2010, 10)Slide5
The city and food
In an environment where residents purchase the bulk of food they consume, access has both economic and spatial
dimensions.
In complex systems such as urban food systems, there are multiple role players and distributed authority. This means that no single entity assumes responsibility
for the food system, let alone,
addressing food insecurity. Slide6
Components of the urban food system
Source: FAO, 2011. Food, agriculture and cities :
The challenges of food and nutrition security, agriculture and ecosystem management in an urbanizing world
Food for the Cities - Multidisciplinary Initiative
Feeding the City
Domain
Dimension
Food & Agriculture
Natural Resource Management
Socio-economic & health factors
Agrobiodiversity
Livestock & aquiculture
Food markets
Food loss & wastes
Soil & water
Land tenure
Energy
Forest & trees
Hunger & malnutrition
Shifting diets & health
Food safety & street foods
Migration & labourSlide7
Components of the urban food system
Source: FAO, 2011. Food, agriculture and cities :
The challenges of food and nutrition security, agriculture and ecosystem management in an urbanizing world
Food for the Cities - Multidisciplinary Initiative
Feeding the City
Domain
Dimension
Food & Agriculture
Natural Resource Management
Socio-economic & health factors
Agrobiodiversity
Livestock & aquiculture
Food markets
Food loss & wastes
Soil & water
Land tenure
Energy
Forest & trees
Hunger & malnutrition
Shifting diets & health
Food safety & street foods
Migration & labourSlide8
“
If planners are not conscious [of food issues], then their impact is negative, not just neutral
”
(
Pothukuchi, 2000
)Slide9
(Battersby, 2011)Slide10
http://aixlab.wordpress.com/page/2/Slide11
2
nd
Urban Transition
Big Food Transition
Nutrition Transition
Economic & Ecological Transitions
Davis, 2006; Satterthwaite, 2007; Pieterse, 2008;
Beall & Fox, 2009; Swilling and Annecke, 2011; Turok,2012 .
Drewnowski
&
Popkin,
1997;. Popkin, 1998; Popkin, 2002; Kennedy et al, 2004; Hawkes, 2006; Nellemann et al, 2009.
Reardon et al, 2003; Reardon et al, 2007; Patel, 2007; Thu, 2009; Igumbor et al, 2012;
Monteiro
& Cannon, 2012.
Harvey, 1989; Perez, 2002; Perez, 2007; MEA, 2006, IAASTD, 2009; IPCC, 2014.
Global mutually reinforcing transitions Slide12
Community Food Security Coalition
(US n= 1
76
)Slide13
Current area of focus – Capabilities frame
Current area of intervention – Capabilities frame
General area of action – Rescue/philanthropic frame
Emerging area of action – Urban food governance frame
Individual
Household
Community
/
Neighbourhood
City
-Seeing endowments as foundation on which capacity and capability is built: Focus on individual or family unit.
-Attention paid to enabling food access, health, etc. – project driven.
-No consideration given to systemic challenges within food system.
-Seeing endowments as foundation but community endowments focus.
Eg
: land for food production, etc.
-Attention paid to enabling food access through mix of economic and/or community initiatives. – project driven.
-Little consideration given to systemic challenges system.
-Governance focus considering multiple food system actors and voices – agency. .
-Adopts a strategic view of food system.
-Pluralistic politics with strategic governance.Slide14
Slow
Violence
We see what is immediate and dramatic.... Media-driven “events” capture popular opinion, and obscure the deeper and more systemic
challenges
...
The unseen
challenge
of malnutrition, vulnerability and food insecurity - particularly invisible in our cities - is one such
challenge
–
"
Slow Violence
"
All pictures AFSUN
From Nixon, 2007
All Photos: AFSUNSlide15
Gareth Haysom
g
areth.haysom@uct.ac.za
www.africancentreforcities.net
www.afsun.org
Thank you