Dr Julio C Teehankee De La Salle University Manila Philippines The Puzzle In a developing democracy like the Philippines identifying the ineffectiveness of our presidents has become an ID: 652709
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "From Aquino to Aquino Transitional Chall..." is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
From Aquino to Aquino
Transitional Challenges and Presidential Leadership in Democratizing Philippines
Dr.
Julio C.
Teehankee
De La Salle University
Manila, PhilippinesSlide2Slide3Slide4Slide5Slide6
The Puzzle?
In a developing democracy like the Philippines, identifying the ineffectiveness of our presidents has become an
obsession
.
“Pundits
are quick to point out what is wrong, but short on explaining what is wrought
.”
What can Philippine presidents actually do during their term?
What factors prevents or enables them to provide presidential leadership?
What is the impact of the presidential transition on the rest of their term?Slide7
The Philippine Presidency
the most durable in the Asian regionone of three
presidential systems in East Asia (South Korea & Indonesia)
fifteen
presidents since the first Philippine Republic was inaugurated in
1899
Slide8
The Philippine Presidency:
American Template
Personal Model
Richard
Neustadt
presidents must persuade
reputation, prestige, perception, & judgement
personal style
Regime Model
Stephen
Skowronek
presidents come to power within regimes (institutional arrangement)
structural pattern of regime change
cycle of presidents within regimes
Structured Choice Model
Robert Lieberman
opportunities for strategic presidential action within structurally defined & delimited situation
structure & agency, regimes & choiceSlide9
While the
Philippine presidency is patterned after the American template, it is rooted in Latin American practices.
The Philippine Presidency:
Latin American ParallelismsSlide10
The Philippine Presidency:
Pangulo Regime
“
Pangulo
Regime”
supremacy
of the executive and
puts
premium on the value of
pagdamay
metaphor for the body politic
Aguinaldo, Quezon, Laurel, Marcos
legitimation for authoritarianism;
partyless
democracySlide11
The Philippine Presidency: Democratization
transitional – teleological process towards democratic consolidation
changeless
– no real process or progress, same-same
cyclical
- regime establishment, development, challenge,
decay, and new regimeSlide12
Arguments
Presidential Regimes and Presidential TimeCampaign Narratives and Presidential Narratives
Narrative Cycles in the Post Marcos Philippine Presidency
Making Narratives Stick: The Role of Strategic Players and Coalition-buildingSlide13
Presidential Regimes
a president ascends to power within a particular set of institutions or “regime” that largely shapes the presidential style of leadership. Regime –
“commitments of
ideology
and
interest
embodied in pre-existing
institutional arrangements
.”
Presidents find themselves facing different obstacles to leadership based on their relation to existing “regimes”
Presidents are either
builders
,
consolidators
,
articulators
, or
repudiatorsSlide14
Presidential Time
The recurrence of regime orientations creates a structured context for presidential leadership within a pattern of “political time
.”
Political Time –
“medium through which presidents received commitments of ideology and interest and claim authority to intervene in their development.”
Successive presidents can face dramatically distinct
political and institutional
challenges
.Slide15
Presidential actions are determined by historically-articulated institutional
configurations.But these configurations determine context, they do not determine actionPresidents face
strategic choices
– choices given by institutionally configured situations
Presidential Leadership: Configuration & ChoiceSlide16
Narratives
Narratives - stories or discourses with a clear sequential order
that connect events in a
meaningful way. (
Hinchman
&
Hinchman
1997)
Political Narratives
– narratives
(i.e. "populist", "rich-versus-poor" and "reformist", "good
governance“) used
by
politicians
in the context of electoral democracy in
the Philippines (Thompson 2010)
Two Types
: Campaign and Presidential Narratives
Cycle of Narratives: reformist, developmentalist, and populistSlide17
The Philippine Presidency: Within the Prism of Political TimeSlide18
Transitional Challenges Under the Post-Marcos Presidency
The Great Repudiator
- founder of EDSA regime
Orthodox Innovator
- competent ally
Populist Challenger
- Marcos revivalist
Apostate
– born from EDSA, mutated into Marcos
The Loyal Son
–
heir to the EDSA legacySlide19
Role of Strategic Groups
Business – protectionist vs. globalChurch – conservative vs. progressive
Civil Society – radical vs. moderate
Military – professional vs. adventurists
Politicians – traditional vs. issue-orientedSlide20
Making Narratives Stick
Strong Narrative, Stable Coalition
Strong Narrative, from Weak to Strong Coalition
Strong Narrative
- from Strong to Weak Coalition
From Strong to Weak Narrative, Stable Coalition
Strong Narrative, Weakening Coalition?Slide21
Post-Marcos Presidency & the EDSA
RegimeSlide22Slide23
Thank you very much!