Def the study of Earth and its people View the world in SPATIAL terms how are things arranged in space relative to each other Geo is divided into 2 major branches geography Def the study of natural features on the surface of Earth ID: 627866
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UNIT 1: FOUNDATIONS OF GEOGRAPHYSlide2
Def
: the study of Earth and its people
View the world in SPATIAL terms (how are things arranged in space relative to each other)Geo. is divided into 2 major branches…
geographySlide3
Def
: the study of natural features on the surface of Earth
Mts
, plants, animals, temperature, wind, weather
Physical geographySlide4
Def
: study of people as they have spread across Earth
Human geographySlide5
Began around 450 B.C.(E).
Herodotus creates 1
st
map of the known worldTraveled and inquired
BRIEF HISTORY OF GEOGRAPHYSlide6Slide7
TOOLS OF GEOGRAPHYSlide8
Shows where things are
ABSOLUTE LOCATION
: precise point where a place is located on EarthRELATIVE LOCATION: where a place is located in relation to another place
MAIN PURPOSE OF MAPSSlide9
DISTORTION
: a change in the shape, size, or position of a place when it is shown on a map
MAP PROJECTIONS
: a way of representing a spherical Earth on a flat surface
PROBLEMS WITH MAPSSlide10
Lambert Projection
: circular map; shows accurate size at the center but not distance or shape
Mercator Projections: shows directions btwn places; distorts size of continents near poles (area of distortion)
TYPES OF MAP PROJECTIONSSlide11
Eckert IV Projection
: shows accurate size but distorts shape near poles (shape distortion)
Goode’s
Homolosine Projection: shows continent shape and size but distorts oceans
TYPES CONTINUEDSlide12
Title
Compass Rose
Cardinal directions (N,S,E,W)Intermediate directions (NE,SE,NW,SW)Legend/KeyPossible map grid
BASIC MAP SET-UPSlide13
THE GLOBAL GRIDSlide14
PARALLELS OF LATITUDE
: run east and west around the globe
EQUATOR: parallel located exactly midway btwn the North and South Poles
0°lATITUDESlide15
MERIDIANS OF LONGITUDE
: ½ circles that run from the North Pole to the South Pole
PRIME MERIDIAN: most important; runs through Greenwich, England0°
LongitudeSlide16
A meridian
Runs through Pacific Ocean halfway around the world from the Prime Meridian
180°INTERNATIONAL DATE LINESlide17
Parallels move from 0-90° in both directions
1° equals 69 miles
Meridians move from 0-180° east and westCoordinates
USING LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE TO MARK ABSOLUTE LOCATIONSlide18
THEMATIC MAPSSlide19
Physical features
Landforms:
mts
, valleys, plains, plateaus, bodies of waterClimate: long-term weather patternsVegetation
For physical geographySlide20
Political maps
Population density: avg. # of people living in a unit of area (sq. mi.)
Economic activity: ways ppl produce, buy, and sell goods and services
FOR HUMAN GEOGRAPHY