Blood Blood Vessels The heart is the pumper of the circulatory system but as the blood leaves the heart it travels through a network of vessels that all serve a very specific purpose Arteries Capillaries ID: 611829
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Slide1
Blood Vessels &BloodSlide2
Blood Vessels
The heart is the pumper of the circulatory system, but as the blood leaves the heart it travels through a network of vessels that all serve a very specific purpose.
Arteries
Capillaries
Veins
Artery
Vein
CapillarySlide3
Arteries
Carry blood
away
from the heart.Main transporters of oxygenated blood.Have very thick walls of stiff connective tissue and smooth muscle.
Because of the pressure from each pump of the ventricles arteries are elastic allowing them to expand.
ArterySlide4
Capillaries
The
smallest
blood vesselsConnect arteries and veins.Only one cell thick – “Swiss Cheese”Site of exchange
between blood and cells.Diffusion of oxygen and nutrients into the cells.
Diffusion of carbon dioxide and wastes away from the cells.
CapillarySlide5
Veins
Carry
deoxygenated
blood back to the heart.High in carbon dioxide and waste products.Thin walls of connective tissue and smooth muscle.
Contain one-way valves to keep blood from flowing backward.Contractions of skeletal muscles move the blood inside the veins.Slide6
Through the Loops
Heart-Lung-Heart
From the
right atrium
(11) to the right ventricle (1) blood is pumped out the pulmonary
artery (2)to the lungs (3). Capillaries surrounding the lungs drop of waste products, carbon dioxide and water, and pick up oxygen.Blood returns to the heart through Pulmonary Veins to the
left atrium (4) and down into the left ventricle (5).Slide7
Through the Loops
Heart-Body-Heart
From the
left ventricle
(5) blood is pumped out of the heart through the aorta, the largest and thickest artery of the body.
The aorta splits moving blood to the head (7)and to the lower body (8).Oxygen is dropped off through capillaries
and waste products are picked up.Blood return to the heart through veins, superior vena cava (9) and inferior vena cava (10) that contain valves that prevent the blood from flowing backward.Blood reenters the heart at the
right atrium
(11).Slide8
Blood Pressure
Blood pressure is the
force
of your blood pushing against the walls of your arteries. The force is strongest when your ventricles contract and weakest
when your ventricles relax. Two locations you can feel your pulse at:Your neckYour wristSlide9
Blood Pressure
Blood pressure is read as
two
numbers:Systolic pressure – the pressure on the artery when the ventricles contract.Diastolic pressure – Pressure on the artery when the ventricles
relax.Normal blood pressure would be 120 over 80.Slide10
Systemic Blood Pressure ReadingsSlide11
Chart Questions:
Where is the blood pressure reading the strongest?
Is this person’s blood pressure normal?
What’s the systolic reading?What’s the diastolic reading?Where is the blood pressure the weakest?Arteries
120
80
Veins
YesSlide12
Blood – The River of Life
Connective tissue
- connects all the body systems.
The average person has between 4-6 L of blood.Blood is composed of 4 main components:
Plasma Red Blood Cells (RBC)White Blood Cells (WBC)
Platelets Slide13Slide14
1. Plasma
55
% of the blood’s volume.
The
liquid portion of blood.92% water.dissolved proteins and
nutrients.Yellow in color.Slide15
2. Red Blood Cells – (Erythrocytes)
45
% of the blood’s volume.
The
most numerous cells in whole blood.No nucleus
- No cell division.Produced in the red bone marrow.
Lifespan of 120 days. Looks like a pinched in ball that
forms a
disc
.
Thin and flexibleSlide16
Hemoglobin
Iron
containing protein inside each red blood cell.
This is what makes blood red.Binds to 4 oxygen molecules.Uses diffusion to pick up and drop off
oxygen and carbon dioxide through the capillaries.
Hemoglobin – Oxygen TransportSlide17
3. White Blood Cells – (Leucocytes)
<1%
of the whole blood.
Approximately twice the size of red blood cells but fewer in number.700:1 Produced in the red bone marrow.
Fights disease and infectionLifespan of a month to years.Slide18
4. Platelets – (Thrombocytes)
<1% of whole blood.
Tiny cell
fragments
that stick to damaged tissue.
“Life savers” of the blood.At the site of a cut they form a mesh that
becomes a clot or scab.Number is too
low
=
excessive bleeding
Number is too high = clottingLifespan of 10 days.Slide19
In A Drop of Blood
In 1 drop of blood:
50
million RBC100,000 WBC2.5 million PlateletsSlide20
The Lymphatic System
As blood moves through the
capillaries
some plasma leaks out and bathes the body cells and keeps them moist - lymph.Too much fluid in the tissue = swelling.
Excess fluid normally reenters the blood stream through small vessels in the lymphatic system.Prior to entering veins the lymph is filtered by lymph nodes to remove any
harmful materials.