FRENCH HIGH GOTHIC - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

FRENCH HIGH GOTHICSlide2

NOTRE –DAME- DE - PARIS, 1200 -1345 (LOOKING NORTH) HIGH GOTHIC -- FOUR LEVELS, TOP 2 = WINDOWS Slide3

NOTRE-DAME DE PARIS (ON

ÎLE DE LA CITÉ)

, LOOKING EASTSlide4

NOTRE-DAME DE PARIS – EXTERIOR VIEW OF APSE – AND A ROOF GARGOYLESlide5

FLYING BUTTRESS, NOTRE-DAME DE PARIS

TRACERY and pinnacles – ALSO TRUE GARGOYLESSlide6

Virgin and Child (

Virgin of Paris

), Notre-Dame, Paris, France, early 14TH century.

“HUMANIZING” NATURALISM

Near s-curveSlide7

SAINT-CHAPELLE

, Interior of the upper chapel, 1243–1248 (ALSO ON

ÎLE DE LA CITÉ)

What style?

RAYONNANT

6,250’ OF STAINED CLASS – MORE GLASS THAN WALLS

Patron?

louis

Ix (

st.

louis

)Slide8

Another view of the upper chapel at saint-

chapelle

– with swarms of tourists

Note that the ribs over the altar are purely decorative, not structural Slide9

ROBERT DE LUZARCHES, THOMAS DE CORMONT, and RENAUD DE CORMONT, west facade of Amiens Cathedral, Amiens, France, begun 1220

Slide10

East

faÇade

of Amiens

CathedralSlide11

interior of Amiens Cathedral (looking east)

HEIGHT, LIGHTNESS AND LIGHT!Slide12

vaults, clerestory, and

triforium

of the choir of Amiens CathedralSlide13

Christ (

Beau

Dieu

),

trumeau

statue of central doorway, west facade, Amiens Cathedral

A “KINDER, GENTLER” JESUS

AND HE’S REACHING OUT OF THE TRUMEAUSlide14

West

fa

Ç

ade

of Reims Cathedral, Reims, France © 1225–1290.

WHAT’S NEW?

STAINED GLASS TYMPANAE

VERTICALITYSlide15

REIMS CATHEDRAL, NAVE, LOOING EASTSlide16

ANNUNCIATION AND VISITATION, JAMB SCULPTURES OR CENTRAL DOOR, WEST PORTAL, REIMS

ALMOST CLASSICAL NATURALISM, CONTRAPPOSTO (AND “OUT OF THE BOX”)Slide17

FRENCH LATE GOTHICSlide18

Pierre robin and

ambrose

haren

, Saint-

Maclou

, western

fa

Çade

.

Rouen, France

© 1500–1514.

FLAMBOYANT!

Many decorative (non-structural) elementsSlide19

Secular

french

“gothic” architectureSlide20

Restored Aerial view of the fortified town of Carcassonne, France. Bastions and towers, 12th–13th

Cs.Slide21

Expulsion of the

cathars

from

carcassonneSlide22

Hall of the cloth guild, Bruges, Belgium, begun 1230

Secular competing with sacred! Slide23

House of Jacques Coeur, Bourges, France, 1443–1451

Merchants as rich as some nobles, increasing secular power! Slide24

English gothic architectureSlide25

Specific goals:

Understand the decorated and perpendicular variations of the Gothic style in England.

Examine the complex tombs of royalty and other art forms in Gothic England.Slide26
Slide27

Aerial view of Salisbury Cathedral, Salisbury, England, 1220–1258; west facade completed 1265; spire © 1320–1330.Slide28

Salisbury cathedralSlide29

West

fa

Çade

,

salisbury

cathedral

How different from

french

?

Short, wider than nave, fewer windows, reliefs, 5 levels, tower over crossingSlide30

Plan,

salisbury

cathedral

Long axis typically

english

(compare

durham

), double transepts

romanesque

, but gothic rectangular nave bays and square aisle bays Slide31

Nave,

salisbury

cathedral

Like

french

:

Tripartite elevation, quadripartite ribbed vaults

Different:

overall horizontal orientation, less unity (ribs spring from corbels, not the piers), no rose, no stained glass (originally), lancets but no

oculi

, less lightSlide32

Choir of Gloucester Cathedral (looking east), Gloucester, England, 1332–1357

Perpendicular style – purely ornamental "vault ribs"Slide33

gloucesterSlide34

Nave vaults,

gloucester

cathedralSlide35

Robert and

william

vertue

, Fan vaults, chapel of

henry

vii,

westminster

abbey,

london

Slide36

Nave and apse, chapel of

henry

vii,

westminster

abbeySlide37

Tomb of Edward II, Gloucester Cathedral, Gloucester, England, © 1330–1335

Example of the

english

royal tombSlide38

German gothicSlide39

Specific goals:

Understand the building of the Cologne Cathedral and its emphasis on height.

analyze the structure and origins of the German

Hallenkirke

and why it differs from the French-influenced Gothic.

analyze the emotional expression and drama of the German Gothic sculpture.

examine the complex altars, shrines, and reliquaries of the German Gothic.Slide40
Slide41

Gehrhard

of cologne, cologne

catherdral

, begun 1248, completed 1888, aerial view looking northSlide42

Cologne cathedral – the eastern end is 13

th-

c. (but rest is

supposely

built to original plan). Nave, 422’ long. IT HAS DOUBLE AISLES (DIFFERENT FROM FRENCH AND ENGLISH)Slide43

CHOIR AND APSE, COLOGNE CATHEDRAL (150’ HIGH)

HAS LIGHTNESS AND UNITY OF FRENCH GOTHIC, BUT HEIGHT GIVES IT SOME PERPENDICULARITYSlide44

SAINT ELIZABETH, MARBURG, 1235- 1283, western

fa

Çade

EXTERIOR CLOSER TO OTTONIAN/ ROMANESQUE THAN FRENCH GOTHIC (NO TRACERY, NO SCULPTURE

HALLENKIRCHE – Hall church – also

romanesqueSlide45

Saint

elizabeth’s

,

marburg

, eastern end (apse) – no radiating chapels, no buttresses (because walls are massive)Slide46

Interior of saint

elizabeth's

:

Hall church with gothic ribbed vaults and lancet windowsSlide47

Strasbourg cathedral, western

fa

Çade

,

strasbourg

france

(

alsace

), 1176 - 1240Slide48

Lower part of west portal,

strasbourg

cathedralSlide49

Flying buttresses,

strasbourg

cathedralSlide50

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Frontispice_cath%C3%A9drale_Strasbourg.JPG

Death of the virgin, tympanum of left doorway, south transept,

strasbourg

cathedral

Note composition, naturalism and emotion (and intertwining on archivolt)Slide51

Eckehard

and

Uta

statues in the west choir,

Naumburg

Cathedral

Naumburg

, Germany © 1249-1255

painted limestone

6’ 2” high

Power and authoritySlide52

Equestrian portrait (

Bamberg Rider

), statue in the east choir, Bamberg Cathedral, Germany © 1235–1240. Sandstone, 7’ 9” high.

Mainly a curiosity