Membangun Potensi - PowerPoint Presentation

Membangun Potensi Lokal dalam Ekonomi ASEAN:Teknologi Borderless dan Kebijakan Nasional Oleh: SukarmanKabid Kerjasama Ekonomi ASEAN, Kemenko PerekonomianFakultas Fisip-Universitas Lampung, 26 April 2019 1 Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Perekonomian RIAEC Council Indonesia

AFTA Council ASEAN Summit AEM AIA Council AFDM Customs DG AF CDM SOME ASOMM COST TELSOM ATRC STOM NTOs AMBDC SC HLFC Committee of Permanent Representatives ASEAN National Secretariats AEC Council AFMM A F M GM AMEM AMMST AMMin TELMIN ATM M-ATM AMBDC Note: AEM: Economy; AFMM : Finance ; ACGM: Cen Bank; AFMGM: Finance & Cen Bank; AMAF : Agri , Forestry, Fisheries ; AMEM : Energy ; AMMin : Minerals ; AMMST : Science & Technology ; TELMIN : Telecom & Information Technology ; ATM : Transport ; M-ATM : Tourism ; AMBDC : ASEAN Mekong Basin Development Cooperation Secretary General of ASEAN / ASEC Coordination Reporting Menko Perekonomian COORDINATION UNDER ASEAN ECONOMY COMMUNITY (AEC) COUNCIL 2 A CG M A C DM SLC Finance SOM AMAF ASOF AMAF

5 PILAR MEA CETAK-BIRU MEA 2025, Masa Implementasi 2016-2025Ekonomi yang Terintegrasi dan Terpadu ASEAN yang Kompetitif, Inovatif dan Dinamis Peningkatan Konektifitas dan Kerjasama Sektoral ASEAN yang Tangguh, Berorientasi dan Berpusat pada SDM ASEAN yang Global Perdagangan Barang Perdagangan JasaLingkungan InvestasiIntegrasi Finansial Fasilitasi Pergerakan Tenaga Kerja Terlatih dan Kunjungan Pelaku Usaha Peningkatan Partisipasi pada Rantai Nilai Dunia Perlindungan Konsumen Penguatan Kerjasama HKI Pertumbuhan Berbasis Produktifitas, Inovasi, Penelitian dan Pengembangan, dan Teknologi Komersil Kerjasama Perpajakan Kepemerintahan yang baik Pembangunan Ekonomi yang berkelanjutan Megatrend global dan Isu-isu Ekonomi Baru Transport Teknologi Komunikasi dan Informasi Perdagangan Elektronik Energi Makanan, Pertanian dan Kehutanan Kepariwisataan Kesehatan Mineral Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi Penguatan Peran Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah Penguatan Peran Pelaku Usaha Kerjasama Publik – Swasta Memperkecil Jurang Pembangunan Kontribusi Para Pemangku Kepentingan pada Usaha Integrasi Regional Review dan Peningkatan Kawasan Perdagangan Bebas ASEAN Keterikatan dengan Mitra Regional dan Global Peran ASEAN dalam Forum Ekonomi Internasional 3

4 ASEAN Economic Community --- At A Glance --- With an average annual real growth rate of 5.2% between 2005-2016, ASEAN has consistently outperformed global growth USA China Japan Germany UK ASEAN France India Italy Brazil At US$ 2.55 trillion, ASEAN economy in 2016 was the 6th largest in the world & the 3rd largest in Asia and 47.7% lived in urban areas More than half or the population were below 30 years of age Collectively, ASEAN population was the 3rd largest in the world in 2016 CHINA INDIA ASEAN EU US 1,378 1,324 638 511 323 million million million million million

ASEAN Economic Community --- At A Glance --- 5

Area (Million Km2)IndonesiaASEANIndonesia population is 40% of ASEAN population Indonesia covers 43% of ASEAN area GDP Per Capita (USD Thousands)Population (Millions) Nominal GDP (USD Billion) Indonesia ASEAN857 2431 Indonesia GDP is 35% of ASEAN GDP Indonesia Economy in ASEAN Perspective 6

The Investment Coordinating Board of the Republic of Indonesia McKinsey Global Institute , September 2012 Mimpi…IndonesiaIndonesia 2012… and Indonesia in 2030 7

8TEMA DAN PROGRAM PRIORITAS RKP 2019“Pemerataan Pembangunan untuk Pertumbuhan Berkualitas”PRIORITAS NASIONAL Pembangunan manusia melalui pengurangan kemiskinan dan peningkatan pelayanan dasar Pengurangan kesenjangan antarwilayah melalui penguatan konektivitas dan kemaritimanPeningkatan nilai tambah ekonomi dan penciptaan lapangan kerja melalui pertanian, industri, pariwisata dan jasa produktif lainnya Pemantapan ketahanan energi, pangan dan sumber daya air Stabilitas keamanan nasional dan kesuksesan Pemilu.

Sektor Tersier (Jasa)Sektor Sekunder Sektor PrimerPERAN SEKTOR JASA PADA PDB TERUS MENINGKAT PERAN SEKTOR JASA INDONESIA 9 Primer: Pertanian , Kehutanan, dan Perikanan ; Pertambangan dan Penggalian Sekunder: Industri Pengolahan ; Pengadaan Listrik dan Gas; Pengadaan Air, Pengelolaan Sampah , Limbah dan Daur Ulang ; Konstruksi Tersier : Perdagangan Besar dan Eceran ; Reparasi Mobil dan Sepeda Motor; Transportasi dan Pergudangan ; Penyediaan Akomodasi dan Makan Minum; Informasi dan Komunikasi; Jasa Keuangan dan Asuransi; Real Estate; Jasa Perusahaan; Administrasi Pemerintahan, Pertahanan dan Jaminan Sosial Wajib; Jasa Pendidikan; Jasa Kesehatan dan Kegiatan Sosial; Jasa lainnya PERTUMBUHAN SEKTOR JASA RELATIF TINGGI DIBANDINGKAN SEKTOR LAINNYA PERBANDINGAN PERAN SEKTOR JASA TERHADAP PDB BEBERAPA NEGARA Sumber : BPS, CEIC, diolah

Distribusi Tenaga Kerja dalam Sektor Jasa (2017) PENYERAPAN TENAGA KERJA SEKTOR JASAPenyerapan Tenaga Kerja Sektor Jasa didominasi oleh Perdagangan Besar dan Ritel ; Perbaikan Kendaraan Bermotor dan Sepeda Motor yang kebanyakan merupakan pekerja informal 10 Distribusi Tenaga Kerja Berdasarkan Sektor (%) Sumber : ILOstat , World Employment and Social Outlook – Trends 2018

TERUTAMA KARENA TEKANAN DEFISIT TRANSPORTASI BARANG (FREIGHT) NAMUN SEDIKIT TERDORONG OLEH SURPLUS PARIWISATANERACA JASA INDONESIA MASIH DEFISIT Sumber: BI, diolah 11

RESTRIKSI PASAR JASA INDONESIA MASIH TINGGI Jasa menyumbangkan sekitar 44 persen pada PDB Indonesia tahun 2017. Nilai ekspor jasa mencapai 25 miliar USD yang ditopang terutama oleh jasa perjalanan. Sementara impor jasa bernilai 33 miliar USD dengan nilai tertinggi berasal dari jasa transportasi . Dari 22 sektor , indeks pembatasan perdagangan di pasar jasa Indonesia relatif lebih tinggi dari rata-rata negara OECD sehingga dapat menganggu daya saing internasional sektor-sektor tsb.Sumber : BI, OECD, diolah 12

PEMETAAN SEKTOR JASA SEKTOR JASA UNGGULAN YANG AKAN DIFOKUSKAN DALAM ROADMAP Edukasi Kesehatan Pariwisata Komunikasi (ICT, Digital Ekonomi ) Jasa Bisnis Jasa Ritel Transportasi - Logistik Jasa Keuangan 12 53 23 SEKTOR DITJEN (ES.I) K/L No Klasifikasi Sektor Jasa berdasarkan GATS ( Digunakan oleh BPS dalam Tabel I-O, Kemendag dalam Perdagangan Jasa ) Klasifikasi Sektor Jasa berdasarkan BPM-6 ( Digunakan dalam Neraca Pembayaran BI) 1 Jasa Bisnis Manufaktur 2 Jasa Komunikasi Telekomunikasi, computer & informasi 3 Jasa Konstruksi dan Keteknikan Lainnya Konstruksi 4 Jasa Distribusi Bisnis lainnya 5 Jasa Pendidikan Pemeliharaan dan Perbaikan 6 Jasa Lingkungan Hidup Asuransi dan Dana Pensiun 7 Jasa Keuangan Keuangan 8 Jasa Kesehatan dan Sosial Biaya penggunaan Kekayaan Intelektual 9 Jasa Pariwisata dan Travel Perjalanan 10 Jasa Rekreasi , Kebudayaan, dan Olahraga Personal, kultural , rekreasi11 Jasa Transportasi Transportasi : Penumpang ; Barang ; Lainnya 12 Jasa Lainnya Jasa Pemerintah 13 Jasa Ekonomi Kreatif

12 SEKTOR JASA BERDASARKAN KLASIFIKASI GATS (1/2) BUSINESS SERVICESA.Professional Services  Legal Services Accounting, auditing and bookeeping services Taxation Services Architectural services Engineering services Integrated engineering services Urban planning and landscape architectural services Medical and dental services Veterinary services Services provided by midwives, nurses, physiotherapists and para-medical personnel Other B. Computer and Related Services   Consultancy services related to the installation of computer hardware Software implementation services Data processing services Data base services Other C. Research and Development Services   R&D services on natural sciences R&D services on social sciences and humanities Interdisciplinary R&D services D. Real Estate Services   Involving own or leased property On a fee or contract basis E. Rental/Leasing Services without Operators   Relating to ships Relating to aircraft Relating to other transport equipment Relating to other machinery and equipment Other BUSINESS SERVICES F. Other Business Services   Advertising services Market research and public opinion polling services Management consulting service Services related to man. consulting Technical testing and analysis serv. Services incidental to agriculture, hunting and forestry Services incidental to fishing Services incidental to mining Services incidental to manufacturing Services incidental to energy distribution Placement and supply services of Personnel Investigation and security Related scientific and technical consulting services Maintenance and repair of equipment (not including maritime vessels, aircraft or other transport equipment) Building-cleaning services Photographic services Packaging services Printing, publishing Convention services Other COMMUNICATION SERVICES A. Postal services B. Courier services C. Telecommunication services   Voice telephone services Packet-switched data transmission services Circuit-switched data transmission services Telex services Telegraph services Facsimile services Private leased circuit services Electronic mail Voice mail On-line information and data base retrieval electronic data interchange (EDI) Enhanced/value-added facsimile services, incl. store and forward, store and retrieve code and protocol conversion on-line information and/or data processing (incl. transaction processing) Other D. Audiovisual services   Motion picture and video tape production and distribution services Motion picture projection service Radio and television services Radio and television transmission services Sound recording Other E. Other CONSTRUCTION AND RELATED ENGINEERING SERVICES A. General construction work for buildings B. General construction work for civil engineering C. Installation and assembly work D. Building completion and finishing work E. Other DISTRIBUTION SERVICES A. Commission agents' services B. Wholesale trade services C. Retailing services D. Franchising E. Other EDUCATIONAL SERVICES A. Primary education services B. Secondary education services C. Higher education services D. Adult education E. Other education services ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES A. Sewage services B. Refuse disposal services C. Sanitation and similar services D. Other 14

FINANCIAL SERVICES A.All insurance and insurance-related services  Life, accident and health insurance servicesNon-life insurance services Reinsurance and retrocession Services auxiliary to insurance (including broking and agency services) B. Banking and other financial services (excl. insurance)   Acceptance of deposits and other repayable funds from the public Lending of all types, incl., inter alia, consumer credit, mortgage credit, factoring and financing of commercial transaction Financial leasing All payment and money transmission services Guarantees and commitments Trading for own account or for account of customers, whether on an exchange, in an over-the-counter market or otherwise, the following: - money market instruments ( cheques , bills, certificate of deposits, etc.); - foreign exchange; - derivative products incl., but not limited to, futures and options; - exchange rate and interest rate instruments, inclu . products such as swaps, forward rate agreements, etc.; - transferable securities; - other negotiable instruments and financial; assets, incl. bullion Participation in issues of all kinds of securities, incl. under-writing and placement as agent (whether publicly or privately) and as agent (whether publicly or privately) and provision of service related to such issues HEALTH RELATED AND SOCIAL SERVICES A. Hospital services B. Other Human Health Services C. Social Services D. Other TOURISM AND TRAVEL RELATED SERVICES A. Hotels and restaurants (incl. catering) B. Travel agencies and tour operators services C. Tourist guides services D. Other RECREATIONAL, CULTURAL AND SPORTING SERVICES A. Entertainment services (including theatre, live bands and circus services) B. News agency services C. Libraries, archives, museums and other cultural services D. Sporting and other recreational services E. Other TRANSPORT SERVICES A. Maritime Transport Services   Passenger transportation Freight transportation Rental of vessels with crew Maintenance and repair of vessels Pushing and towing services Supporting services for maritime transport B. Internal Waterways Transport   Passenger transportation   Freight transportation   Rental of vessels with crew   Maintenance and repair of vessels   Pushing and towing services   Supporting services for internal waterway transport C. Air Transport Services   Passenger transportation Freight transportation Rental of aircraft with crew Maintenance and repair of aircraft Supporting services for air transport TRANSPORT SERVICES D. Space Transport E. Rail Transport Services   Passenger transportation Freight transportation Pushing and towing services Maintenance and repair of rail transport equipment Supporting services for rail transport services F. Road Transport Services   Passenger transportation Freight transportation Rental of commercial vehicles with operator Maintenance and repair of road transport equipment Supporting services for road transport services G. Pipeline Transport   Transportation of fuels Transportation of other goods H. Services auxiliary to all modes of transport   Cargo-handling services Storage and warehouse services Freight transport agency services Other I. Other Transport Services OTHER SERVICES NOT INCLUDED ELSEWHERE 12 SEKTOR JASA BERDASARKAN KLASIFIKASI GATS (2/2) FINANCIAL SERVICES Money broking Asset management, such as cash or portfolio management, all forms of collective investment management, pension fund management, custodial depository and trust services   Settlement and clearing services for financial assets, incl. securities, derivative products, and other negotiable instruments Advisory and other auxiliary financial services on all the activities listed in Article 1B of MTN.TNC/W/50, incl. credit reference and analysis, investment and portfolio research and advice, advice on acquisitions and on corporate restructuring and strategy Provision and transfer of financial information, and financial data processing and related software by providers of other financial services C. Other 15

Intisari Road Map Kebijakan Vokasi 2 1 3 * Presiden Jokowi mengatakan bahwa s etelah pembangunan infrastruktur yang banyak , di antaranya sudah mau selesai, pemerintah , mulai 2018 mendatang, akan masuk ke pembangunan Sumber Daya Manusia secara besar-besaran atau masif, dalam p idato pada acara penyerahan Sertifikat Kompetensi Pemagangan di Balai Besar Pengembangan Latihan Kerja Bekasi, 27 Desember 2017. (S umber : setkab.go.id, 2017   ) LINGKUNGAN YANG MEMPENGARUHI Prioritas Pemerintah Arahan Presiden 2018* Sektor Unggulan Industri 4.0 & Digitalisasi Pertumbuhan Industri Produktivitas Transformasi KBJI-GICS Baseline: 2014-2016, Perkiraan Hingga 2025 Korelasi Antara Resiko Otomasi dan Produktivitas TK Metodologi TEMUAN: KEBUTUHAN TENAGA KERJA 30 Bidang Pekerjaan Menyerap TK Besar 5 Bidang Pekerjaan Berdasarkan Sektor Unggulan 14 Bidang P ekerjaan B erdasarkan Prioritas Jurusan SMK 8 Bidang P ekerjaan B erdasarkan Prioritas Jurusan BLK 12 Bidang P ekerjaan B erdasarkan Prioritas Jurusan Politeknik KEBIJAKAN YANG HARUS DILAKUKAN K/L Melaksanakan Pilot Project Pada 5 bidang Sektor Unggulan Kondisi Peningkatan Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Vokasi Perubahan Mendasar (Fundamental) Terhadap Pendidikan Vokasi 16

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Teknologi Borderless: Industrial Transformation to Era Industry 4.0 focus ke Ekonomi Digital Sumber: Bappenas, 201518

Era Borderless Technology=Simplicity and Eficiency 19Less : cost, time,More : Usefull, life qualities

Perlunya Revitalisasi PUSAT STUDI ASEAN (PSA) Lembaga Think Thank Policy Brief dan Rekomendasi Sumber Daya Manusia Networking Knowledge and R&D Fokus bidang tertentu Universitas/PSA memiliki: Universitas Siliwangi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman Universitas 17 Agustus Universitas Airlangga Universitas Andalas Universitas Bosowa Universitas Brawijaya Universitas Dayanu Ikhsanuddin Universitas Gadjah Mada Universitas Garut Universitas Indonesia Universitas Internasional Batam Universitas Islam Bandung Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang Universitas Jember Universitas Kristen Indonesia Universitas Kuningan Universitas Lampung Universitas Maritim Raja Ali Haji, Riau Universitas Medan Area Universitas Muhammadiyah MalangUniversitas MulawarmanUniversitas Narotama, SurabayaUniversitas Negeri GorontaloUniversitas Negeri ManadoUniversitas Negeri Sebelas MaretUniversitas Negeri SemarangUniversitas PadjadjaranUniversitas Pasundan Universitas PattimuraUniversitas Pesantren Tinggi Darul ‘Ulum, Jombang Universitas Prof. Dr. Hazairin, S.H., Bengkulu Universitas RiauUniversitas Sam Ratulangi Universitas Sebelas Maret Universitas SriwijayaUniversitas Sumatera Utara Universitas Udayana Universitas Wiraraja, PamengkasanUnviersitas Syiah Kuala Institut Agama Islam Latifah Mubarokiyah Suryalaya Institut Agama Islam Negeri BatusangkarInstitut Bisnis dan Multimedia, Akademi Sekretaris dan Manajemen IndonesiaLondon School of Public RelationSekolah Tinggi Ilmu Pariwisata ManadoSekolah Tinggi Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Raja Haji Riau20

T enaga kerja kompeten harus memiliki pengetahuan yang cukup dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan pekerjaan, terampil melakukan pekerjaannya dan memiliki etos kerja yang baik Tanggung jawab semua pihak (Lembaga Pendidikan, Diknas, Nakertrans, Instansi lainnya dimasing-masing sektornya, Pemerintah Daerah, Swasta dan Masyarakat) Perekonomian dunia kini semakin terintegrasi. Globalisasi merupakan suatu fenomena yang tidak mungkin diabaikan oleh Indonesia. Penciptaan tenaga kerja yang berkualitas dan kompeten akan memastikan Indonesia menjadi pemenang tidak hanya di ASEAN namun juga dunia. 21 PENUTUP

Terima kasih Arigatou Gozaimasu 22