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The Vietnam Era The Vietnam Era

The Vietnam Era - PowerPoint Presentation

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The Vietnam Era - PPT Presentation

Chapter 27 The War Begins Section 1 Background Communist Government was to rule North Vietnam from its capital of Hanoi Ngo Dinh Diem was to rule South Vietnam from its capital of Saigon ID: 300634

vietnam war north vietnamese war vietnam vietnamese north south nixon troops ohio guardsmen national state kent americans american university johnson protest campus

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Slide1

The Vietnam Era

Chapter 27Slide2

The War Begins

Section 1Slide3

Background

Communist Government was to rule North Vietnam from its capital of

Hanoi

.

Ngo Dinh Diem was to rule South Vietnam from its capital of

Saigon.Guerrillas in South Vietnam who were furnished by the North Vietnamese were called Vietcong.The United States responded to Diem’s governing by withdrawing support.

Introduction to WarSlide4

American Involvement Grows

Section 2Slide5

North Vietnam attacks American destroyers in the Gulf of Tonkin.

Johnson responds by calling for:

The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

Airstrikes against North VietnamSlide6

Johnson runs for reelection, vowing not to send Americans to Vietnam.

Johnson

wins

the 1964 election in a

landslide

.

LBJ Campaign AdSlide7

North Vietnam attacks American base at Pleiku.

Johnson responds by launching more

airstrikesSlide8

The Vietcong continue their attacks.

Americans develop new weapons, including

napalm

and

Agent Orange

.Americans try to kill massive numbers of enemy troops in missions called search and destroy missions.

See pages 916Slide9

The North Vietnamese launch the

Tet Offensive

on the New Year holiday.

Americans and South Vietnamese troops retake cities and win the battle.

Americans at home react with

surprise and decreasing support for the war.Slide10

The war continues for several years.

Hawks

supported the war and wanted the government to mount an all-out military effort to decisively defeat the Vietcong and North Vietnam

Doves

believed that the Vietnam war could not be won and was morally wrongSlide11

Opposition to the war increases.

Some resisters

burn

their draft cards.

Some claim to be

conscientious objectors, who disagree with war for religious or philosophical reasons.Many flee to Canada.Slide12

Antiwar movement evolves.

First, protests are mainly

peaceful

.

Later, violence between protesters and

police

becomes more common.

See Page 914Slide13

Vietnam ProtestsSlide14

Washington D.C. Protest

Oct 21, 1967

Nearly 100,000 people gathered to protest the American war effort in Vietnam

The protest was the most dramatic sign of waning U.S. support for the war in VietnamSlide15

Kent State MassacreSlide16

Ohio National Guardsmen fire tear gas to disperse a crowd of students protesting the Vietnam War on Kent State University's campus. May 4, 1970.Slide17

Ohio National Guardsmen stand in front of the Army ROTC building on Kent State University's campus.Slide18

The guardsmen fired 67 rounds over a period of 13 seconds

Recent evidence shows that there was a command given to fire on unarmed demonstrators!Slide19

A Kent State University student lies on the ground after National Guardsman fired into a crowd of anti-Vietnam War

demonstrators

.Slide20

Kent State students gather around a wounded person on the University campus.

Ohio

National Guardsmen hold their weapons.Slide21

Mary Ann Vecchio kneels by the body of a student who was shot to death by

Ohio

National Guardsmen.Slide22

Ohio National Guardsmen patrol the empty Kent State University campus on May 6, 1970, after a three-day student riot. Slide23

Members of the Guard killed four students and injured nine during the campus protest against the Vietnam War

.

Half of these students weren’t demonstrating, they were just in the wrong place at the wrong time. (some were walking between classes)Slide24

The four dead in Ohio.

*Walking between classes

*

*Slide25
Slide26

Anti-War/ Protest Songs

Fortunate Son

- CCR

Ohio

- Crosby, Stills, Nash, and Young

War - Edwin StarrFor What It’s Worth - Buffalo SpringfieldSlide27

The War Ends

Section 3Slide28

Johnson does not run for reelection.

• Hubert Humphrey runs for the Democrats.

Nixon promises to bring “peace with honor.”

Nixon

wins the 1968 presidential election.

Nixon pursues a policy of

Vietnamization

• American troops withdraw, giving the South Vietnamese more responsibility for the war.Slide29

Nixon calls for bombing Cambodian bases.

• For the outcome of the war, the effect is small

• For Cambodia, the bombings cause

chaos and civil war

.

• The attacks

trigger

a new storm of protests

in the United States.Slide30

Henry Kissinger meets with a North Vietnamese leader to work out a peace agreement.

• Before the 1972 presidential election, Kissinger promises that

peace is at hand

• In fact, the South Vietnamese rejected the proposed

agreement.

Paris Peace Accords

are signed in January 1973.

• The last U.S. combat troops leave Vietnam by

March 1973

North Vietnamese are allowed to keep 150,000 troops in South Vietnam.

• North Vietnamese troops proceed to

seize control of the CountrySlide31

South Vietnamese troops retreat.

• Thousands of soldiers die and civilians flee in what became known as the

Convey of Tears

South Vietnamese government surrenders.

• Vietnam is united under a

Communist

government

.

• Saigon is renamed

Ho Chi Minh

City

.Slide32

Number of killed and wounded

58,000

Americans

die in battle.

• About

350,000

South

Vietnamese die in battle.

• North Vietnamese dead are between

500,000 and 1 million

10 million

people

in South Vietnam are left homeless.Slide33

A Time of Uncertainty

Section 4Slide34

Watergate

In order to obtain information during the 1972 presidential elections, burglars broke into the

Democratic Party

offices in the

Watergate

apartment complex.White House Officials paid the burglars so that they would not tell the story of the burglary.A Senate committee held hearings to investigate the scandal.

John Dean

, a former White House counsel, testified that Nixon had approved the cover-up.Slide35

Watergate

The Supreme Court ordered Nixon to turn over tapes of his conversations.

The House of Representatives took steps to

impeach

President Nixon.

On August 9, 1974, Nixon resigned.Slide36