PPT-Part two An Introduction to Phylogenetic Methods

Dr Laura Emery LauraEmeryebiacuk wwwebiacuk Objectives After this tutorial you should be able to Discuss a range of methods for phylogenetic inference their advantages. Losos Museum of Comparative Zoology and Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Harvard University 26 Oxford Street Cambridge MA 02138 USA Correspondence Email jlososoebharvardedu Abstract Ecologists are increasingly adopting an evolutiona A) mutation. B) genetic drift. C) selection. D) migration. 2) Adaptations are favored because. A) they help the species survive. B) they are more advanced. C) they create a balanced ecosystem. D) they promote the reproduction of the genes that code for them. Central question in community ecology. What processes are responsible for the identity and relative abundances of co-occurring species in local assemblages?. What is the relative importance of different ecological processes in structuring communities. Tools. Tara and . Pawel. Concept Map. Start with Known Sequence. Download MEGA (Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis). http://www.megasoftware.net/. Use MEGA Web Browser to Find Related Sequences. Trees. AP Biology. Evolution. Phylogenetic. Trees. By Bob Cooper and Mark Eberhard. Learning Objectives. Use gel electrophoresis to create DNA and/or amino acid . seuquences. Use DNA and amino acid sequence to create a matrix. The world comes in fragments. Species abundance matrix . M. Phylogenetic distance matrix . P. Species trait matrix . T. Environmental variable matrix . V. Interdepen-dence. matrix . X. Species. Species. Spring . 2014. Outline. Systematics. Phenetics (brief review). Phylogenetics & Characters. Evolutionary Trees. Systematics. Science of organismal diversity.. Discovery, description and interpretation of biological diversity.. Joachim Bargsten. February 2012. Comparative . genomics. The study of the relationship of genome structure and function. across different biological species or strains. .. Why . should we do this?. How . Methods. Dr Laura Emery . Laura.Emery@ebi.ac.uk. www.ebi.ac.uk. /training. Objectives. After this . tutorial you . should be able to. …. Discuss . a range of . methods for . phylogenetic . inference, their advantages. Dr Laura Emery . Laura.Emery@ebi.ac.uk. www.ebi.ac.uk. Objectives. After this . tutorial you . should be able to. …. Discuss . the impact of a range of biological phenomena upon phylogenetic . inference. Silling S, Wieland U, Werner M, Pfister H, Potthoff A, Kreuter A. Resolution of Novel Human Papillomavirus–induced Warts after HPV Vaccination. Emerg Infect Dis. 2014;20(1):142-145. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2001.130999. Phylogenetics . Phylogenetics. is the study of evolutionary relationships among a group of organisms.. Phylogenetic analysis . is the means of . inferring or estimating these relationships.. The result of phylogenetic studies is a hypothesis about the evolutionary history of taxonomic groups: their . Nielsen SC, Mourier T, Baandrup U, Søland T, Bertelsen M, Gilbert M, et al. Probable Transmission of Coxsackie B3 Virus from Human to Chimpanzee, Denmark. Emerg Infect Dis. 2012;18(7):1163-1165. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1807.111689. Takada N, Fujita H, Kawabata H, Takajo I, Sakata A, Takano A, et al. Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia sp. Closely Related to R. japonica, Thailand. Emerg Infect Dis. 2009;15(4):610-611. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1504.071271.