Analyzing Gun Crime through Neighborhood Street Configurations Some Facts About Chicago Gun Violence Just recently the City of Chicago witnessed its deadliest weekend of gun violence since the beginning of the year More than 50 people were shot 8 killed between Friday May 6 2016 and Monday Ma ID: 802923
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Slide1
Chicago Crime: Taking it to the StreetsAnalyzing Gun Crime through Neighborhood Street Configurations
Slide2Some Facts About Chicago Gun Violence
Just recently, the City of Chicago witnessed its deadliest weekend of gun violence since the beginning of the year. More than 50 people were shot, 8 killed between Friday May 6, 2016 and Monday May 9, 2016.
On April 20, 2016 the number of shooting victims has climbed to 1,000.
Sometimes, when we hear about the gun violence in Chicago, it is easy to dismiss it as another problem that is contained within a Black community. However, it is simply not enough to view Chicago’s gun violence through such a narrow lens.
Slide3Facts About Chicago Continued
Chicago’s gun violence continues to be persistent, frequent and resistant to current efforts under
way in order to interrupt the repeated violence.
The
effects
of gun violence in terms of the cost to society, changed lives and social disruption, impacts not only Chicago, but the nation as a whole, and expresses a broader pattern of violence.
Behind the gun crime numbers are real people whose lives have been changed forever.
Slide4Literature Review on Similar Studies
Patricia L.
Brantingham
and Paul J
Brantingham
. “Nodes, Paths and Edges: Considerations on the Complexity of Crime and the Physical Environment.”
Paul Cozens and Terence Love. “Manipulating Permeability for Controlling Crime: Balancing Security and Sustainability in Local Contexts.”
Toby P Davies and Steven R. Bishop. “Modelling Patterns of Burglary on Street Networks.”
Daniel J.K. Beavon, Patricia L
Brantingham
and Paul L.
Brantingham
. “The Influence of Street Networks on the Pattering of Property Offences.”
Crime Prevention.
Vol.
2 (1979
)
S. Greenberg and W. .
Rohe
. “Neighborhood Design and Crime: A Test of Two Perspectives.”
Slide5Are There Correlations Between the Following:
Gun violence and local Street configurations/patterns or grid street networks and neighborhood design.
In the directional patterns of gun violence and residential streets (north, south, east, west).
One-way street patterns and gun violence.
Major roads and residential streets and which of the two have the most gun violence.
Slide6The City of Chicago Street Grid
The epicenter of the Chicago street grid is the intersection of State and Madison Streets in the heart of the
Loop.
The first step to finding correlations
i
s understanding
t
he street grid layout.
Image Source: domu.com
Slide7Work Flow in ArcGIS Desktop
Utilized Chicago gun violence
data from 2013.
T
his
was expedient because the data had already been
prepared, addresses geocoded, were
and
serves
as a baseline analysis for moving
forward.
Network Datasets were created for the Chicago Major Street and Roads Layers. Connectivity was established and turns were modeled with start and end arrows for these layers in order to model flow along these pathways.
Chicago
Roads_ND Edges were symbolized to model one-way residential streets and turns.
Slide8Work Flow Continued
Datasets for City of Chicago Boundary and neighborhoods
Split Analysis, Clip Analysis tools were utilized to clip out areas of concern
and to isolate the major streets and residential roads in study areas.
Spatial join combined attributes of the gun violence geocoded addresses and major streets based on spatial relationships.
An additional Clip analysis tool was utilized for the Roads Layer because it contained roads for the entire state of Illinois.
All data source layers participating in AGOL Web Map were set to W_G_S 1984 Web Mercator Projection.
Slide9The Distribution of Chicago Gun Crime 2013
Data Sources: ESRI and The City of Chicago Data Portal
Slide10The City of Chicago Major Streets
Data Source: The City of Chicago Data Portal
Slide11Major Street Network Modeled
Slide12Residential Streets Modeled
Slide13Gun Violence and Street Correlation Findings
Out of 319 gun violence crimes geocoded, 189 happened on the street.
Overwhelmingly, victims were shot on the left side of one-way streets.
Residential streets contained the most gun violence more than on streets that allowed for traversing.
The movement of gun crime in terms of its association along pathways (streets, residential roads) appears to occur more in the West and South side areas of Chicago.
Slide14From ArcGIS Desktop to AGOL Web Map and Web APP
Zipping up shapefiles to upload to AGOL.
Hosting feature layers: CSV, West Englewood and Englewood Major Streets rich with attribute data.
Hosted layers were enable with editing options for users, and shared with the public.
Users can delete, change and update features.
Web App: Widgets configured for functionality for users.
Charts and query interaction.
Slide15Data Attribution
AGOL
Chicago Tribune
City of Chicago Data Portal
ESRI
Geo.fabric.de/north-
america
/us/illinois.html
Open Street Map