Simple Machines - Description

Nature of Machines Machines are any device that transfer a force from one place to another Nutcracker ramp engine All complicated machines contain many small simple machines ID: 447815 Download Presentation

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Simple Machines

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Nature of Machines. Machines are any device that transfer a . force . from one . place. to . another. .. Nutcracker, ramp, engine. All . complicated. machines contain many small . simple. machines..

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Simple Machines






Presentation on theme: "Simple Machines"— Presentation transcript:

Slide1

Simple MachinesSlide2

Nature of Machines

Machines are any device that transfer a

force

from one

place

to

another

.

Nutcracker, ramp, engine

All

complicated

machines contain many small

simple

machines.

Simple Machines

– the basic devices for transferring mechanical forces in all machinery.Slide3

Action of Machines

Effort Force

– the force

you apply

to the machine.

Effort Distance

– The distance the

effort force

acts through.

Resistance Force

–

T

he force the

machine applies

to some objects.

Opposite

the effort force.

Resistance Distance

– The distance through which the

resistance force acts

.Slide4

Effort Force

Effort Distance

Resistance Distance

Resistance Force

FulcrumSlide5

Laws of Machines

Under

ideal

conditions, the amount of

work

put

into

a machine is equal to the amount of work the machine

does.Ideal conditions refer to NO HEAT, produced by friction, and

NO AIR RESISTANCE, created when the machine is used.Real machines do create friction and therefore creates

less energy than it takes in.Slide6

Purpose of Machines

Machines make work seem

easier

and

faster

.

Multiply a

forceChange the direction

of a forceMultiply a distanceMultiply speedSlide7

Types of Simple Machines

There are

six

types of simple machines

Compound

machines are made from one or more of these six simple machines.

Lever

– a bar that rotates around a fixed point,

fulcrum.

FulcrumSlide8

3 Classes of Levers

First

Class Lever

Fulcrum

is between the

input force/Effort

and the

load

.Ex. Claw end of a hammerSecond Class Lever

Load is between the fulcrum and the input force/effort

Ex. A can openerThird Class LeverInput force/effort

is between the fulcrum and the load.Ex. Your arm lifting a weightSlide9

Types of Levers

Label the Effort (

E

), Resistance (

R

), and Fulcrum (

F

) in each of the pictures and then

determine the type of lever each represents.

E

E

E

E

F

F

F

F

R

R

R

R

1

st

Class

2

nd

Class

2

nd

Class

3

rd

ClassSlide10

2

nd

Class

1

st

Class

1

st

Class

3

rd

Class

E

E

E

E

F

F

F

F

R

R

R

RSlide11

Types of Simple Machines

Inclined Plane

– A flat surface that slants up at an angle.

Ex. A rampSlide12

Types of Simple Machines

Wedge

– two inclined planes placed back to back.

The

longer

and

thinner

the wedge is, the

less energy is required to do work.Ex. Knife, ax, razor blade.Slide13

Types of Simple Machines

Screw

– an inclined plane that is wrapped around a cylinder

Rotates

with each turn moving it up or down

The

closer

the threads, or ridges, the

easier the work is.Ex. A jar lid, soda bottle cap, boltsSlide14

Types of Simple Machines

Pulley

– A grooved wheel that holds a rope or

c

able.

It can change either the

direction

or the amount of an

effort force.2 Types:Fixed

Movable Slide15

1.

Fixed

–

attached to a stationary object.

2.

Movable

–

not attached to a stationary objectSlide16

Types of Simple Machines

Wheel and Axle

– two circular object of different sizes rotating in a circle.

Two different sized wheels:

Axle

– the smaller wheel

Wheel

– turns about the smaller axle.Slide17

Identify the Simple Machine

Pulley

Wedge

Lever

Wheel and Axle

Screw

Inclined PlaneSlide18

Identify the Simple Machine

Pulley

Lever

Inclined Plane

Wheel

a

nd

Axle

Wedge

Wheel and

Axle

Lever

Lever

Screw