PDF-(DOWNLOAD)-Digital Keywords: A Vocabulary of Information Society and Culture (Princeton

In the age of search keywords increasingly organize research teaching and even thought itself Inspired by Raymond Williamss 1976 classic Keywords the timely collection Digital Keywords gathers pointed provocative short essays on more than two dozen keywords by leading and rising digital media scholars from the areas of anthropology digital humanities history political science philosophy religious studies rhetoric science and technology studies and sociology Digital Keywords examines and critiques the rich lexicon animating the emerging field of digital studiesThis collection broadens our understanding of how we talk about the modern world particularly of the vocabulary at work in information technologies Contributors scrutinize each keyword independently for example the recent pairing of digital and analog is separated while classic terms such as community culture event memory and democracy are treated in light of their historical and intellectual importance Metaphors of the cloud in cloud computing and the mirror in data mirroring combine with recent and radical uses of terms such as information sharing gaming algorithm and internet to reveal previously hidden insights into contemporary life Bookended by a critical introduction and a list of over two hundred other digital keywords these essays provide concise compelling arguments about our current mediated conditionDigital Keywords delves into what language does in todays information revolution and why it matters. Technological Determinism vs. Social Constructivism. Today…. What exactly IS . technology,. and why are social scientists interested in it?. Social Constructivism. vs. . Technological Determinism: . Really……who are we?. Five common components. Symbols. Language. Values. Norm . Technology (Ideal vs real culture). Symbols . Defined as anything that carries a particular meaning recognized by people who share culture.. AS Sociology G671. Recap from Taster. .. What is Sociology. The study of human beings in social groups. *. Understanding the problems that face individuals by exploring the ways in which the structure of society – and its . Miss Hickey. Sociology. Hilliard Davidson High School. What is culture?. c. ulture. – language, beliefs, values, norms, behaviors and even material objects passed from one generation to the next. p. The beliefs, values, norms, and traditions within . a society.. Counterculture . - . Groups in society that stand in indifference or opposition to mainstream culture. .. In other words…any subculture whose values and norms differ strongly from mainstream culture.. ‟one of the two or three most complicated words in the English language” (Raymond Williams, . Keywords. ). Modernity: we no longer regard our ways of life as . unproblematically. natural, but we are conscious of our culture as . Culture—set of rules that guide our behavior. Made up of our beliefs, history, knowledge, language, moral principles, skills, et cetera. Society-. large number of people who . 1. live in the same area. How did the industrialized nations of North America and Europe come to be seen as the appropriate models for post-World War II societies in Asia, Africa, and Latin America? How did the postwar discourse on development actually create the so-called Third World? And what will happen when development ideology collapses? To answer these questions, Arturo Escobar shows how development policies became mechanisms of control that were just as pervasive and effective as their colonial counterparts. The development apparatus generated categories powerful enough to shape the thinking even of its occasional critics while poverty and hunger became widespread. “Development” was not even partially “deconstructed” until the 1980s, when new tools for analyzing the representation of social reality were applied to specific “Third World” cases. Here Escobar deploys these new techniques in a provocative analysis of development discourse and practice in general, concluding with a discussion of alternative visions for a postdevelopment era.Escobar emphasizes the role of economists in development discourse?—?his case study of Colombia demonstrates that the economization of food resulted in ambitious plans, and more hunger. To depict the production of knowledge and power in other development fields, the author shows how peasants, women, and nature became objects of knowledge and targets of power under the “gaze of experts.”In a substantial new introduction, Escobar reviews debates on globalization and postdevelopment since the book’s original publication in 1995 and argues that the concept of postdevelopment needs to be redefined to meet today’s significantly new conditions. He then calls for the development of a field of “pluriversal studies,” which he illustrates with examples from recent Latin American movements. The German sociologist and philosopher Georg Simmel (1858-1918) is recognized as a leading early twentieth-century European social theorist. This collection enables the reader to engage with the full range of Simmel?s dazzling contributions to the study of culture. It opens with Simmel?s basic essays on defining culture, its changes and its crisis. These are followed by more specific explorations of: the culture of face-to-face interactions spatial and urban culture leisure culture the culture of money and commodities the culture of belief and the politics of female culture. In this book, the prominent theorist Partha Chatterjee looks at the creative and powerful results of the nationalist imagination in Asia and Africa that are posited not on identity but on difference with the nationalism propagated by the West. Arguing that scholars have been mistaken in equating political nationalism with nationalism as such, he shows how anticolonialist nationalists produced their own domain of sovereignty within colonial society well before beginning their political battle with the imperial power. These nationalists divided their culture into material and spiritual domains, and staked an early claim to the spiritual sphere, represented by religion, caste, women and the family, and peasants. Chatterjee shows how middle-class elites first imagined the nation into being in this spiritual dimension and then readied it for political contest, all the while normalizing the aspirations of the various marginal groups that typify the spiritual sphere.While Chatterjee\'s specific examples are drawn from Indian sources, with a copious use of Bengali language materials, the book is a contribution to the general theoretical discussion on nationalism and the modern state. Examining the paradoxes involved with creating first a uniquely non-Western nation in the spiritual sphere and then a universalist nation-state in the material sphere, the author finds that the search for a postcolonial modernity is necessarily linked with past struggles against modernity. A revealing look at Jewish men and women who secretly explore the outside world, in person and online, while remaining in their ultra-Orthodox religious communities What would you do if you questioned your religious faith, but revealing that would cause you to lose your family and the only way of life you had ever known? Hidden Heretics tells the fascinating, often heart-wrenching stories of married ultra-Orthodox Jewish men and women in twenty-first-century New York who lead double lives in order to protect those they love. While they no longer believe that God gave the Torah to Jews at Mount Sinai, these hidden heretics continue to live in their families and religious communities, even as they surreptitiously break Jewish commandments and explore forbidden secular worlds in person and online. Drawing on five years of fieldwork with those living double lives and the rabbis, life coaches, and religious therapists who minister to, advise, and sometimes excommunicate them, Ayala Fader investigates religious doubt and social change in the digital age.The internet, which some ultra-Orthodox rabbis call more threatening than the Holocaust, offers new possibilities for the age-old problem of religious uncertainty. Fader shows how digital media has become a lightning rod for contemporary struggles over authority and truth. She reveals the stresses and strains that hidden heretics experience, including the difficulties their choices pose for their wives, husbands, children, and, sometimes, lovers. In following those living double lives, who range from the religiously observant but open-minded on one end to atheists on the other, Fader delves into universal quandaries of faith and skepticism, the ways digital media can change us, and family frictions that arise when a person radically transforms who they are and what they believe.In stories of conflicts between faith and self-fulfillment, Hidden Heretics explores the moral compromises and divided loyalties of individuals facing life-altering crossroads. Updated in a new 6th edition, Communication in History reveals how media has been influential in both maintaining social order and as powerful agents of change. With revised new readings, this anthology continues to be, as one reviewer wrote, the only book in the sea of History of Mass Communication books that introduces readers to a more expansive, intellectually enlivening study of the relationship between human history and communication history. From print to the Internet, this book encompasses a wide-range of topics, that introduces readers to a more expansive, intellectually enlivening study of the relationship between human history and communication history. To most people, technology has been reduced to computers, consumer goods, and military weapons we speak of technological progress in terms of RAM and CD-ROMs and the flatness of our television screens. In Human-Built World, thankfully, Thomas Hughes restores to technology the conceptual richness and depth it deserves by chronicling the ideas about technology expressed by influential Western thinkers who not only understood its multifaceted character but who also explored its creative potential.Hughes draws on an enormous range of literature, art, and architecture to explore what technology has brought to society and culture, and to explain how we might begin to develop an ecotechnology that works with, not against, ecological systems. From the Creator model of development of the sixteenth century to the big science of the 1940s and 1950s to the architecture of Frank Gehry, Hughes nimbly charts the myriad ways that technology has been woven into the social and cultural fabric of different eras and the promises and problems it has offered. Thomas Jefferson, for instance, optimistically hoped that technology could be combined with nature to create an Edenic environment Lewis Mumford, two centuries later, warned of the increasing mechanization of American life.Such divergent views, Hughes shows, have existed side by side, demonstrating the fundamental idea that in its variety, technology is full of contradictions, laden with human folly, saved by occasional benign deeds, and rich with unintended consequences. In Human-Built World, he offers the highly engaging history of these contradictions, follies, and consequences, a history that resurrects technology, rightfully, as more than gadgetry it is in fact no less than an embodiment of human values. Module One: Introduction and Concepts of Culture. Kabir . Bello,PhD. Associate Professor,. Department of Sociology,. Bayero University,. Kano. Introduction and Concepts of Culture. Module . One: Introduction and Concepts of Culture.