PPT-Keywords: alveoli, capillaries, oxygen, glucose,

Keywords lactic acid exercise muscles energy cramp B2 Topic 2 Organisms and Energy This topic looks at Respiration aerobic and anaerobic Photosynthesis and limiting factors Organisms and their environments. and Pulmonary Ventilation. Inspiration . and Expiration. Structure. of . the. . R. espiratory. and . System. N. ose. .  . hairs. and mucus . filter. air. . A. ir . is. . warmed. Pharynx. . Imrana. . Ihsan. Change in lung volume for each unit change in . transpulmonary. pressure. = stretchiness of lungs. Transpulmonary. pressure. is the . difference in pressure between alveolar pressure and pleural pressure.. Dr. . Mah. . Jabeen. . Muneera. Assistant professor. Department of Anatomy. KEMU. RESPIRATORY BRONCHIOLE. Arise from terminal bronchiole. Diameter < 0.5mm. Transition between conducting & respiratory subdivisions. exchange by diffusion between air in the . lungs and blood in capillaries.. What can you tell me about alveoli?. Alveoli. The tiny air sacs at the end of each bronchiole are specially designed for gas exchange. . Clinical Chemistry Unit Pathology Department. College of Medicine, KSU. Objectives. By the end of the lecture, students are expected to:. Define a metabolic pathway.. Describe the general metabolic pathways for glucose (production and utilization). Respiration and Ventilation. Understanding these two concepts is the key to understanding respiratory disease and its treatment. Respiration- . refers to the . exchange of gases between an organism and it environment. “Air Sacs”. Resemble bunches of grapes. Make up bulk of lungs. Respiratory Zone. Includes respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs, and alveoli. Only places where gas exchange occurs. Essential Knowledge: 2.A.3 Organisms must exchange matter with the environment to grow, reproduce, and maintain organization 2.D.2 Homeostatic mechanisms reflect both common ancestry and divergence due to adaptation in different environments. Types of circulatory systems. Diffusion – oxygen and carbon dioxide, based on body shape and size. Gastrovascular. cavities . – distribution of substances throughout the body and in digestion.. Open circulatory system . The . Circulatory System is known as a CLOSED SYSTEM because the blood is contained within either . the . heart . or . blood . v. essels . at all times. . The . blood . vessels . that are part of the . Do Now activity:. Identify some of the organs involved in the gas exchange system in the human body.. Discuss with your partner what function of some of these organs might be within this system. Explain why organisms need an efficient gas-exchange system. Glu. [Reference values]. . Fasting BG 70-110 mg/dL; casual/random BG . ≤ . 200 mg/. dL. BG is the concentration of glucose in the blood.. Note that fasting BG between 100 and 110 mg/dL is called “normal-high” glycemia and needs to pay close attention. . .. The heart pumps oxygenated blood to the body and deoxygenated blood to the lungs. In the human . heart. there is one . atrium. and one . ventricle. for each circulation, and with both a systemic and a pulmonary circulation there are four chambers in total: . the embryo is approximately 4 weeks old. ,. the . respiratory diverticulum (lung bud. ). appears as an outgrowth from the ventral . wall. of the foregut . The appearance . and location . of the lung bud are dependent upon an increase in .