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Properties of Matter Properties of Matter

Properties of Matter - PowerPoint Presentation

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Properties of Matter - PPT Presentation

Matter All matter has two types of properties Physical properties Chemical properties Physical properties A physical property is a characteristic of a substance that can be observed without changing the substance into another substance ID: 528680

physical properties substance matter properties physical matter substance chemical examples ability density amount mass sulfur conservation law energy changing float state sink

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Slide1

Properties of MatterSlide2

MatterAll matter has two types of properties:

Physical properties

Chemical propertiesSlide3

Physical properties

A

physical property

is a characteristic of a substance that can be observed without changing the substance into another substance.(You can see it without changing what you’re looking at into something else.) Slide4

Physical Properties - ExamplesExamples of

extensive

physical properties include:

VolumeMassWeight

SizeSlide5

Physical Properties - ExamplesExamples of intensive

physical properties include:

Density

Melting pointBoiling pointSlide6

Physical Properties - ExamplesOther physical properties

include:

Color

HardnessOdorTaste State of matter

Texture

Luster (shine)

Flexibility

Heat conductivityElectrical conductivitySolubility (ability to dissolve in water.)ShapeViscosityDuctilityMalleabilitySlide7

Physical Properties

Thermal Conductivity

: The rate at which a substance transfers heat.

State: The physical form in which a substance exists, such as a solid, liquid, gas, plasma.

Solubility

: The ability to dissolve in another substance. Ex: Flavored drink dissolves in H2O.

Ductility

: The ability of a substance to be pulled into a wire. Ex: Copper is often used to make wire because it is ductile.Malleability: The ability of a substance to be rolled or pounded into thin sheets. Ex: Aluminum foil.

Density

: The ration of the mass of a substance to the volume of the substance.Slide8

Examples of physical propertiesColor ShapeOdor

Weight

Volume

TextureMassStateDensityThermal conductivity

Solubility

Ductility

MalleabilitySlide9

DuctilitySlide10

Density HighlightDensity is the amount of matter in a given volume

What is

mass

? Mass is the amount of matter in an object. What is volume

?

Is the amount of space available for that material.

SO,

density is the amount of material that fits into a particular amount of space. Slide11

Density ContinuedDifferent materials have

different

densities.

EVERY bit of material/substance has a specific density that is the same no matter how much of it you have or from where you get the sample.Slide12

Sink or Float

Density

determines whether a substance will sink or float.

More dense= will

sink

Less dense= will

float. Slide13

Chemical propertiesA Chemical property is a characteristic of a substance that can only be observed by changing it into a different substance.Slide14

Chemical PropertiesDescribes matter based on its ability to change into

new

matter that has

different properties.

Examples of Chemical Properties:

Flammability

: The ability of a substance to burn.

Reactivity: The ability of two or more substances to combine and form one or more new substances. Slide15

Chemical properties - Examples

The ability to burn

Ability to tarnish

Ability to rustAbility to decomposeAbility to react with other chemicalsInstability

Ability to do acid/base reactionsSlide16

Examples1.Flammability

2. Reactivity

3.

Combustibility

:

The measure of how easily a substance will set on fire, through fire or combustion.Slide17

Chemical and physical properties – So what?

Titanium is very strong and doesn’t rust, so it is often used in jet engines.

Titanium is also non-allergenic. This, combined with the fact that it is rust proof makes it great for artificial joints as well as piercings.Slide18

Chemical and physical properties – So what?

Helium is almost completely nonreactive (inert).

It is lighter than air, so it’s great for floating balloons (or making funny voices.)

When electricity runs through helium, it glows a creamy pale peach color.Slide19

Chemical and physical properties – So what?In 1943, all US pennies were made of zinc plated steel because copper was being used in the war. The pennies had to be coated with

zinc

because steel will rust, but zinc won’t.Slide20

Chemical and physical properties – So what?Sulfur smells awful. Rotten eggs, onions, and garlic all have sulfur in them. Stink bombs use sulfur to create a bad smell.

Sulfur is also flammable, and it is one of the 3 main ingredients in gun powder.Slide21

Chemical and physical properties – So what?Chromium is famous for its intense luster. Chrome plated tools, jewelry, silverware, or car parts are very popular.Slide22

Law of Conservation of MatterMatter cannot be destroyed nor createdOriginally called the Law of Conservation of Mass.Antoine Laurent Lavoisier is given credit for this discovery.

Einstein stated that the Law of Conservation of Matter was the same as the Law of Conservation of energy. Energy is in matter and matter is energy. E=mc2…(energy x mass x speed of light squared).Slide23

Changes in MatterAll matter, regardless of state, undergoes physical and chemical changes.Physical changes-will change the visible appearance without changing the composition of the matter.

Chemical changes-will change the composition of matter and will create a new substance. These changes are irreversible.Slide24

Changes in Matter

Description

Is it Physical?

Is it Chemical?

Burning coal

 

 

Mixing salt & pepper

 

 

Dissolving sugar in tea

 

 

Melting an iron rod

 

 

A can rusting

 

 

Cooking scrambled eggs

 

 

Water freezing into ice cubes

 

 

Fireworks exploding

 

 

Sawing wood to make a cabinet

 

 

Bread baking

 

 

Digestion of Food

 

 

Getting a haircut

 

 

Lighting a candle

 

 

The evaporation of water off your skin

 

 

Tarnishing silver

 

 

Ice cube melting

 

 

Formation of acid rain

 

 

Crushing rocks

 

 

Blow drying your hair