PPT-Propositional and First Order Reasoning

Terminology Propositional variable boolean variable p Literal propositional variable or its negation p p Clause disjunction of literals q p r given by set of . s father was a wealthy Virginia plante Washington fought in the French and Indian War Washington fought in the French and Indian War led disorganized poor ly funded Continental army in led disorganized poor ly funded Continental army in the Revoluti Backbones of propositional theories are literals that are true in every model Backbones have been used for characteri zing the hardness of decision and optimization problems Moreov er back bones 64257nd other applications For example backbones are o Sources: D. Jensen. “Research Methods for Empirical Computer Science.”. . William M.K. . Trochim. . “Research Methods Knowledgebase”. More on Causality. What is causality?. What’s Important About Causality?. mindread. ?. Tadeusz. Zawidzki, GWU, Philosophy, MBEC, . zawidzki@gwu.edu. KNEW 2013, . Kazimierz. . Dolny. , Poland. Overview. What I mean by “mindreading”. What I mean by “why”. The received view and its discontents. It’s Logical. What is Logic?. Logic. – The science of correct reasoning.. Reasoning. . – The drawing of inferences or conclusions from known or assumed facts. .. There are two main types of reasoning:. Rebecca Wulf. Ivy Tech Lafayette. rwulf@ivytech.edu. . Ben Markham. Ivy Tech Bloomington. bmarkham@ivytech.edu. . Sharon Koch. Ivy Tech Gary. s. koch12@ivytech.edu. . Ivy Tech Community College. 30 . Use . WalkSAT. Use min-Conflict heuristic. Similar to hill climbing and simulated annealing. Pick unsatisfied clause then pick a symbol to flip to satisfy the clause by. Use Min Conflict. Or Random. Downside. Online Class by. Satyadhar. Joshi. shivgan3@yahoo.com. http://www.wiziq.com/shivgan_joshi. http://onlineclasses.nanotechbiz.org. Introduction. This class is will introduce with the subject of the overall series which is divided in 12 lectures. . Lecture Outline. Inductive Reasoning. Generalizations. Cause and Effect. Analogy. Deductive Reasoning. Syllogism. Enthymeme. Inductive Reasoning. Inductive Reasoning: Review. The process of citing a number of specific examples or . Assertions;. t/f. Epistemological. commitment. Ontological. commitment. t/f/u. Deg. belief. facts. Facts. Objects. relations. Prop. logic. Prob. prop. logic. FOPC. Prob. FOPC. Atomic. PropositionalRelationalFirst order. In . logic. , a . tautology. (from the . Greek. word τα. υτολογί. α) is a . formula. that is true in every possible . interpretation. .. Philosopher. . Ludwig Wittgenstein. first applied the term to redundancies of . . Iddo Tzameret. Royal Holloway, University of London . Joint work with Fu Li (Tsinghua) and Zhengyu Wang (Harvard). . Sketch. 2. Sketch. : a major open problem in . proof complexity . stems from seemingly weak results. Structures. Introduction and Scope:. Propositions. Spring 2015. Sukumar Ghosh. The Scope. Discrete . mathematics. . studies mathematical . structures that are . fundamentally . discrete. ,. . not . Bart Selman. selman@cs.cornell.edu. Logical Agents --- . Intro Knowledge Representation. & Boolean Satisfiability (SAT) encodings. R&N: Chapter 7. A Model-Based Agent. Requires: Knowledge and Reasoning.