Band 2 Design Study Summary E Bryerton M Morgan M Pospieszalski S Srikanth K Saini D Vaselaar Band 2 Workshop Schedule 09000930 Design Study Overview Bryerton ID: 1039180
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1. Band 2 Workshop IntroductionBand 2 Design Study SummaryE. Bryerton, M. Morgan, M. Pospieszalski, S. Srikanth, K. Saini, D. Vaselaar
2. Band 2 Workshop Schedule09:00-09:30 Design Study Overview (Bryerton)09:30-09:50 GBT 4mm Receiver (Frayer)09:50-10:10 UAz 4mm Receiver - Part 1 Technical (Lauria)10:10-10:30 UAz 4mm Receiver - Part 2 Observations (Ziurys)10:30-10:45 Break [WebEx & audio inactive]10:45-11:10 Star Formation (Oberg)11:10-11:35 Deuterium-Bearing Molecules in Dense Cores (Schnee) 11:35-12:00 The Evolution of N2H+ and N2D+ in the Protostellar Phase (Tobin)12:00-12:30 NH2D and CH2D+ (Wootten)12:30-13:30 Lunch (supplied by workshop) [WebEx & audio inactive]13:30-14:00 Studies of Star Formation in the Nearby Universe (Mangum)14:00-14:20 Redshifted Molecular Gas (Frayer)14:20-14:45 Discussion of science drivers 14:45-15:15 Panel Discussion15:15-15:30 Break [WebEx & audio inactive]15:30- Workshop summary and adjournBand 2 Workshop Charlottesville, VA 29-May-20132
3. Band 2 Frequency RangeBand 2 Workshop Charlottesville, VA 29-May-20133 Band 3 is 84-116 GHz Current Band 2 Spec is 67-90 GHz
4. Where Would Band 2 Go?Band 2 Workshop Charlottesville, VA 29-May-20134
5. Band 2 Workshop GoalsFocus on uniqueness of science caseSome technical overviews at beginning for contextOpen discussion encouragedQuestions now:How much overlap with band 3 is desirable?Is extending band 3 below 84 GHz (to ???) an option? Only if performance in current band 3 range is unaffected?Question to answer in ~2 years timeIs full installation of band 2 receivers on ALMA worth the approximate $12M price tag?Band 2 Workshop Charlottesville, VA 29-May-20135
6. ALMA Development ProgramFunding lines in NA, EU, and EATwo types: Design Studies & Development ProjectsDevelopment Projects Funding ramps up to $13.6M per year total from all partners in 2015~$5M per year from NARequired ASAC approval and JAO coordination$500K per year per partner in design studies (strictly regional)One-year, <$200KCurrent NA and EU band 2 efforts are design studiesBand 2 Workshop Charlottesville, VA 29-May-20136
7. Current Development ProjectsBand 5 ConstructionEuropean led effort for full installation of band 5 on all antennasESO spending ~$16M from 2013-2017 (all their project funding)NA-NRAO supplying LO (~$3M)Fiber Connection OSF-Santiago25x increase in data rateALMA Phasing Project (VLBI)$0.52M from ALMA-NA, remaining funds from NSF MRIBand 1 (EA)Nov. 2012: ALMA Board approved development of prototype band 1 receiverBand 2 Workshop Charlottesville, VA 29-May-20137
8. NA FY14 ALMA Development Call for ProposalsDevelopment Projects$4.3M total available in FY14 and FY15$1.5M maximum award (over two-year period)Design Studies$1M available in FY14Will be another call for FY15 ($500K available)Band 2 Workshop Charlottesville, VA 29-May-20138
9. European Band 2 (+3) Design Study18-month study begun in June 2012 (STFC / IRAM / INAF)Deliverables: Science case, study of key technologies to develop a band 2 or a band 2+3 cartridge designScience Workshop held earlier this weekBand 2 Workshop Charlottesville, VA 29-May-20139
10. NA Band 2 Design Study OverviewJoint NRAO-ARO StudyOct. 2012 – Sep. 2013, $100KConcentrate on demonstrating technology readiness of key componentsLow-noise amplifiersOMTOpticsDownconverterScience MotivationUnexplored bandwidth, especially with interferometryDeuterated species in cold coresGalaxies at intermediate redshiftComplex organicsBand 2 Workshop Charlottesville, VA 29-May-201310
11. Band 2 Gain/Noise BudgetBand 2 Workshop Charlottesville, VA 29-May-201311Component/StageGain (dB)Noise Temperature (K)TEQ (K) referenced to the inputLens/Window (297K)-0.1611.111.1IR Filters (15K, 110K)-0.12.52.6Feedhorn (15K)-0.10.350.4OMT (15K)-0.10.350.4Cryogenic LNA (15K)303033.4Cryogenic Isolator (15K)-13.9insignificantCryogenic Postamp (15K)25800.1Waveguide Feedthru (297K)-177insignificantDonwnconverter (297K)-155000insignificantWarm IF Amplifier (297K)20175insignificantTotal57.548.0Table 2: Preliminary gain and noise budget for the ALMA band 2 receiver. Current ALMA Band 2 Noise Specification: 30 K SSB over 80% of the RF band and 47 K SSB at any RF frequency in the band, where the RF band is defined as 67-90 GHz. Given baseline optics design (warm refractive optics), this is extremely difficult and perhaps impossible (requires LNA with <15K noise temperature) Slightly more realistic would be cold lens and a LNA with 20K noise temperature Really need reflective optics, but may not fit (currently under study)
12. Band 2 Turnstile-Junction OMTBand 2 Workshop Charlottesville, VA 29-May-201312X-band (8-12 GHz), Ku-band (11-18 GHz), and Q-band (35-52 GHz) versions already demonstratedBand 2 version (currently in fabrication) will be ~32 grams (not including #0-80 screws)
13. Band 1 OMT Measurements13Band 2 Workshop Charlottesville, VA 29-May-2013Three Band 1 OMTs fabricated and measured
14. Insertion Loss In Al, Au Band 1OMTs14Band 2 Workshop Charlottesville, VA 29-May-2013Gold PlatingNominal zincateAlkali copper : 25μ “Pur-a-gold 125: 50μ “S21 0.3 to 0.35 dBTheory 0.34 dB at 40 GHz for AuPredicted S21 of 0.12 dB at 15K
15. Proposed Band 1 OMT and Amplifier Layout15Band 2 Workshop Charlottesville, VA 29-May-2013Band 2 Cartridge layout will be similar
16. Low Noise Amplifiers for Band 216Band 2 Workshop Charlottesville, VA 29-May-20133-stage MMIC LNA (MMIC-A and MMIC-B two different designs)6-stage hybrid LNA (WM###)
17. Low Noise Amplifiers for Band 2Band 2 Workshop Charlottesville, VA 29-May-201317 Two 35nm MMIC designs have been tested, both 3-stage with ~30dB gain 2 of 3 35nm wafer runs so far have given good cold results (4th run preliminary results encouraging) Samples from APRA3 35nm wafer recently delivered, will be tested this summer Broadband Cryo3 MIC LNA to be tested this summer Current generation of 35nm MMIC design are 3-stage, 30 dB gain. Would really like 4-stage, 40 dB gain (eliminates need for 2nd cold LNA)
18. Proposed Band 2 Block DiagramBand 2 Workshop Charlottesville, VA 29-May-201318
19. Band 2 Multi-Chip I/Q-MixerLO=75 GHzLO=80 GHzCommercial MMIC mixersMachined RF quadrature hybrid and LO splitterTested with external Band 6 IF hybrid (coaxial, not shown)Band 2 Workshop Charlottesville, VA 29-May-201319
20. Band 2 MMIC I/Q-MixerChip PhotoSimulated PerformanceBand 2 Workshop Charlottesville, VA 29-May-201320(fixed IF)
21. 21Band 2 Workshop Charlottesville, VA 29-May-2013The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundationoperated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc.www.nrao.edu • science.nrao.edu