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Educational Overview  		On the Impact to Adult Survivors of Educational Overview  		On the Impact to Adult Survivors of

Educational Overview On the Impact to Adult Survivors of - PowerPoint Presentation

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Educational Overview On the Impact to Adult Survivors of - PPT Presentation

Child Sexual Abuse September 2014 Why Learn about Childhood Sexual Abuse The bulk of child sexual abuse is perpetrated either by a family member or someone known to the child Females are more likely to be abused within the family and males more likely outside the family ID: 777947

abuse child adult sexual child abuse sexual adult impact client emotional feelings survivors development coping family shame growth person

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Slide1

Educational Overview

On the Impact to Adult Survivors of

Child Sexual Abuse.

September 2014

Slide2

Why Learn about Childhood Sexual Abuse?

The bulk of child sexual abuse is perpetrated either by a family member or someone known to the child.

Females are more likely to be abused within the family and males more likely outside the family.

The most common pattern of sexual abuse begins with non threatening, mild and possibly pleasurable attention and sexual contact.

The average age of the child when abuse begins is between 8 and 12.

The average duration of the abuse within a family is 4 years.

Slide3

Continued:

Most child sexual abuse does not involve force but it does involve some form of manipulation.

The abuse almost always gets the child to keep the secret by scaring and threatening him / her into silence.

The impact of childhood sexual abuse is more severe when no help or support is available for the victim.

The lives of the children who have been sexually abused are altered and much of their energy is used in coping with the impact.

Slide4

Child Sexual Abuse is:

A violation of power perpetrated by a person with more power over someone who is vulnerable.

This violation takes a sexual form but it involves more than sex.

It involves;

an adult profoundly breaching the child’s trust

an adult violating the boundaries between adult and child

an adult profoundly violating the child’s core being

It is a devastating and selfish crime, the most important thing to remember is that it is the experience of a child.

(Wendy

Maltz

)

Slide5

Sexual Abuse is About:

Powerlessness

Betrayal

Violence

Isolation

Blackmail

Emotional, Physical and Sexual Abuse

Damage to the Survivors Sense & Core of Self

Slide6

Other Issues to Consider are:

How long the abuse occurred

How often it happened

The identity of the abuser.. Who they are.

The age of the child when it began and finished

Age of abuser

How many involved

Slide7

Disclosure within a Family is:

Traumatic

The Family will never be the same again

Maybe the mother has to choose between believing her partner or believing her child

She is shocked and requires support

Partners of survivors require support

Slide8

Finklehor’s

Theory of Sex

Offending

A factor that may make it more likely for an adult to entertain sexual feelings towards a child

.

(Fantasy)

A factor that may make it easier for an adult to act on the basis of these feelings by reducing his internal inhibitors for doing so.

(Justify)

A factor that may make it easier for an adult to act on the basis of these feelings by reducing external inhibitors for doing so.

(Planning)

A factor that may increase the likelihood of the child accepting, co-operating in or failing to avoid a sexual approach made by an adult.

(Vulnerable Child)

Slide9

Child Sexual Abuse is Uniquely Traumatic:

Researchers,

Finklehor

and Browne have identified 4 main trauma–inducing factors specifically unique in child sexual abuse that create cognitive and emotional developmental changes in the child in order to cope with the trauma.

Traumatic

Sexualisation

Betrayal

Powerlessness

Stigmatisation

Slide10

Child Sexual Abuse Affects Emotional Growth

and Development:

Kepner

(1995) suggests that child sexual abuse has interrupted and affected the natural cycle of emotional growth and development because it has had to alter in order for the child to survive and keep some level of dignity.

As a result the natural processes of;

Attachment

Assimilating

Accomplishment

Differentiation …have been reshaped to accommodate the trauma.

Therefore recovery is about having another ‘go’ at re-establishing the natural cycle of emotional growth and development in those areas which have been affected, redirected, distorted and fixated.

Slide11

Shame and Child Sexual Abuse

Shame

can be defined as not feeling worthy of being loved.

Shame creates dissociation as a means of coping with the overwhelming feelings which engulf a child

.

The child perceives that, ‘if I was lovable Mummy would notice what was happening. Since she has not noticed it shows I am not worthy of loving’

.

Or

,

‘if Mummy really loved me she would rescue me since she has not rescued me it shows she does not love me’

.

The feelings of shame evoked in the child by this enormous emotional distress create a necessity to split and dissociate from these feelings in order to survive.

Slide12

Shame has a tremendous impact on our lives:

It goes to the very core of our being

It affects our self esteem

Has an impact on our identity

Has an impact on our ability to be and enjoy intimacy

It can affect the whole of our personality

:

Slide13

Some Creative Adjustments / Coping Mechanisms used by children to cope with feelings of being sexually abused are:

Psychological / Cognitive Coping Mechanisms

Inner Wisdom (don’t tell)

Denial of Impact / Distorted Sense of Personal Reality

Dissociative Reactions (

eg

. numbing)

Physical Coping Mechanisms

Personal negligence / self harm

Addictions / compulsions

Running away

delinquent or deviant

behaviour

Relational Coping Mechanisms

Withdrawal and isolation from others

Co-dependence

Relational addictions and dependence on others

Repeating abuse or abusing others

Slide14

The Post Trauma Abuse Issues

Are:

Dissociation

Survivors

describe this experience as being disconnected from the here

and

now or going off, drifting into space. Partners describe

their observations of

dissociation as; ‘light on no one home’ or ‘spaced out ’.

Sudden

Regression

Survivors

describe this experience as; ‘they no longer able to feel their age

but

actually feel much younger and quite vulnerable’.

Their

partners share

that

when the survivors is in this state they do not appear to be able to

view

things in an a adult ego state but rather only in a child ego state.

Dis

-organised

Thought Processes

Survivors

describe that this experience occurs when their level of

stress is

high affects they way they think.

They

share they can no longer think

straight

or they know what to say but can go blank and not able to speak.

Sensory

Impairment

This

impairment is noticed when a survivor either reacts in an ‘over the

top

’ manner or under reacting’ to an event. This means that their response

is

not the

normal

one to the event.

Slide15

Adult Survivor’s Children Have Shared:

That there are difficulties at times of living with a parent who is a survivor of child sexual abuse.

That they have mood swings and irritable

behaviour

.

Never knowing what is right or wrong as their responses are so un-

predicatable

.

Not being ‘there’ for them (dissociated state).

They become over protective at times.

They have to be the parent to their parent.

Slide16

The Healing Relationship

The development of the relationship between you and your client is going to be the therapy for a survivor who has been abused and

traumatised

.

The Person to Person Relationship

is

:

The Foundation

The Process

The Goal….for Healing

Slide17

Working in a Phenomenological Manner

Means that you are only working with what the client brings in to the therapy room.

As all of the client’s history and what troubles him or her is being played out in each session.

To work with what the client gives you is a safe structured way to pace the therapy.

It is also learning to work with what surfaces for the client.

Slide18

How Does this Approach Work?

Looking at Sexual Abuse as an interruption to the natural cycle of emotional growth and development this approach allows for the opportunity to re-establish a healthy and natural cycle of growth and development.

By pacing the process

By developing awareness

Increasing self knowledge

Developing self acceptance

Enhancing relationships

Increasing understanding

Slide19

The Gift of Resistance

Resistance in therapy is a very important positive aspect of recovery. It allows for a re-assessment of the therapeutic process and explore what is happening.

Resistance is a creative adjustment / coping mechanism and we need to acknowledge this positively with our clients.

Inform the client that resistance is a form of self support.

As a therapist you may have gone too

deep,

too quickly with your client

.

It may also be a sign of the client being affected by ‘shame’.

Ask the client what is not in place for them right now to feel safe to continue with the therapy.

Slide20

The

Kepner

Model of Giving Support and Working

The survivor’s sense of self is so fragile therefore it is important to know how they are looking after themselves because of the work they have decided to do regarding their abuse.

James

Kepner

(1995) has produced an assessment tool to see where a survivor of child sexual abuse is on their road to recovery and healing.

It allows the person to see what they have already achieved and what else they may need to explore.

Slide21

Education Helps to:

Empower

Enhance

Self esteem

Normalise

the traumatic stress response

Address

the impact of shame

Encourage

emotional growth and development

Allow

a person to move from victim to survivor