questions 1 Give some examples of bacteric idal and bacteriostatic groups individual antimicrobials 2 Give some examples of antimicrobials of narrow and broad spectrum f activity 3 Name mec ID: 937218
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Antimicrobials – questions: 1. Give some examples of bacteric idal and bacteriostatic groups / individual antimicrobials. 2. Give some examples of antimicrobials of narrow and broad spectrum f activity 3. Name mechanisms of action of antimicrobials on bacteria 4. Name groups of antimicrobials inhibiting synthesis of bacterial cell wall 5. Name groups of antimicrobials inhibiting synthesis of bacterial proteins 6. Name groups of antimicrobials interfering with the synthesis of bacterial DNA 7. Name groups of antimicrobials that i nhibit metabolic pathways in bacteria 8. Name groups of β - lactams ; what is their mechanism of action? 9. Name antibiotics representing natural penicillins, semisynthetic penicillins, cephalosporins, monobactams and carbapenems , and their spectrum of activity 10. Na me antimicrobials of caphamycins and their spectrum of activity 11. Name antimicrobials of glycopeptides and their spectrum of activity 12. Name antimicrobials of polymyxins and their spectrum of activity, and mechanism of action on bacteria 13. Name antimicrobials of macrolides, tetracyclines, lincosamids, aminoglycosides, streptogramins, oxazolidynones, ketolides and glycylcyclines, their mechanism of action on bacteria, and spectrum of activity 14. Spectinomycin is used to treat infections caused by͙͙͘͘ 15. Bacitracin is us ed to treat infections caused by͙͙ and its mechanism of action on bacteria relays on͙͙͘͘ 16. Fusidic acid – spectrum of activity, mechanism of action on bacteria 17. Mupirocin – spectrum of activity, mechanism of action on bacteria 18. Chloramphenicol – spectrum of ac tivity, mechanism of action on bacteria 19. What is mechanism of action of rifampins? Are they cidal or static? Name representative. 20. What is mechanism of action of fluoroquinolones? Are they cidal or static? Name representatives. 21. What is mechanism of action of nitroimidazoles? Are they cidal or static? Name representative. 22. Fidaxomycin – spectrum of activity, mechanism of action on bacteria 23. What is mechanism of action of co - trimoxazole? Are they cidal or static? Name repre
sentative. 24. Name antimicrobials active ag ainst obligatory anaerobic bacteria 25. Name antimicrobials active against streptococci 26. Name antimicrobials active against staphylococci 27. Name antimicrobials active against enterococci 28. Name antimicrobials active against fermentative intestinal rods of Enterobac teriaceae family 29. Name antimicrobials active against non - fermentative rods 30. Give examples of intrinsic resistance of bacteria to antimicrobials 31. Name three different mechanisms of horizontal gene transfer among bacteria 32. Explain conjugation, transduction and t ransformation 33. Name mechanisms of bacterial resistance to antimicrobials 34. Develop abbreviations: MIC, MBC, MRSA, MRSE, MRCNS, HLAR, VRE, GRE, VISA, G ISA, VRSA, GRSA, ESBL, MBL, KPC, MLS B , PRP=SPPR, PBP 35. Give examples of β - lactamases 36. Name inhibitors of β - lactamases 37. Give examples of enzymatic resistance – which antimicrobials are degraded by bacterial enzymes 38. Give examples of bacterial resistance relaying on the alteration of the target site for antimicrobial 39. Give examples of bacterial resistance relaying on the barrier impermeability 40. Give examples of bacterial resistance relaying on the alteration of the alternate metabolic pathways 41. Name bacterial groups (e.g. GN rods, staphylococci) displaying the following mechanisms of resistance: MRSA, MRSE, MRCNS, HLAR, VRE, GRE, VISA, GISA, VRSA, GRSA, ESBL, MBL, KPC, MLS B , PRP=SPPR 42. Enterococcal blood infections can be treated with a combination of͙͘͘if only the strain is susceptible to͙͘͘ and to͙͘ if not , such a strain displays mechanism of resistance referred to as͙͙͘and such infections can be treated with͙͙ .. 43. Infections caused by bacteria displaying the following mechanisms of resistance MRSA, MRSE, MRCNS, HLAR, VRE, GRE, VISA, GISA, VRSA, GRSA, ESBL, MB L, KPC, MLS B , PRP=SPPR can be treated with͙ mane groups of antimicrobials effective against these resistant bacteria 44. Indicate cidal and static antibiotics͗ aminoglycosides, macrolides, tetracyclines͙͘ Etc͘ or gentamycin, erythromycin, cefoxitin, etc